What principles should be followed in the construction layout of pig farms?

1) The pig house is arranged in order of breeding house, gestation house, farrowing and lactation house, breeding house, finishing house and fattening house, and the spacing between the houses is generally 7 9 meters.

2) The direction of the pig house is generally north-south, north-south east or west not more than 30 °, and the longitudinal axis of the pig house is maintained at an angle of 30 ° 60 ° with the local perennial dominant wind direction.

3) The living area must be located upwind of the farm, at a distance of more than 500 meters from the production area.

4) Feed processing or feed warehouse should be located in a convenient place for transportation, and there is a special channel to transport feed to the field.

5) Layout of other ancillary facilities: the production area must be equipped with a disinfection dressing room, and the production area must also have a special place to sell pigs, which is not too far from the pig house but must have good isolation conditions and perfect disinfection facilities.

6) The sewage discharge area is located in the downwind direction or crosswind direction of the production area, and the interval shall be isolated.

7) The isolation area is located at the downwind of the pig farm, and the production area should be more than 500 meters apart, and the implementation of better isolation means.

1. Meet the requirements of epidemic prevention - strict requirements for epidemic control.

1) Functional partitioning;

2) Realize off-site feeding;

3) Centralized disinfection of vehicles outside the field;

4) High-pressure washing and disinfection center in the field.

2. Improve production efficiency - improve the efficiency of automated facilities.

1) Automatic material line; Hungry.

2) Automatic fecal scraping (urine soaking feces);

3) Efficient internal transfer.

3. Control construction costs! -- Rational allocation of funds and long-term strategic vision.

1) The upfront cost cannot be saved;

2) Sealing and insulation facilities can not be saved;

3) Equipment investment can not be saved;

4) Others can be saved.

4. Manure reduction - energy conservation and emission reduction to promote environmental protection.

Scraper (urine soaking feces) water-saving technology.

Example of a classic pig farm design in the central and southern regions (4,800 sow piglet breeding farms).

1.Planning of the size of the farm.

The size of a farm is influenced by many factors.

First of all, it is necessary to consider the location of the pig farm, whether there is enough space to accommodate the various functional areas of the pig farm;

Secondly, it is necessary to consider the impact of the size of the pig farm on the ecology;

Thirdly, it is necessary to consider whether the input and output are reasonable and whether they can bring good economic benefits to the pig farm;

It is also necessary to consider whether the breeding pig is reliable, whether the breeding pig is healthy, etc.;

In addition to this, it is also necessary to consider whether the funds are sufficient.

On the basis of these factors, the size of the farm is determined so that the farm can be used efficiently and the investment can be rewarded as much as possible.

2.Planning of ecological models.

The development of ecological pig breeding should be combined with three.

First, the combination of pig breeding and environmental protection, the development of pig industry can not damage the ecological environment, can not take the old road of pollution and then treatment, the construction of ecological pig husbandry community should be synchronized with the construction of manure treatment, to ensure the sustainable and coordinated development of the pig industry;

The second is the combination of pig raising and planting, and the manure and sewage discharged from the pig farm can be fermented in the biogas digester first, carried out harmless treatment, and then applied to the orchard, vegetable garden and field recycling, that is, the pig - biogas - orchard, vegetable garden, field model, which is a good form of recycling resources;

The third is the combination of ecological pig farming community and large-scale breeding, the implementation of large-scale, industrialization, safe production and operation, with slaughtering and processing enterprises as the leader, with the ecological pig farming community as the base, market-oriented, the development of pig industrialization group production, that is, the group-base-farmer model.

3.Planning of pig farms and production floor areas.

The land area of the pig farm should be determined according to the size and nature of the pig farm and the overall situation of the site.

Under normal circumstances, the total floor area of the pig farm should meet the requirements of 1 fattening pig covering an area of square meters per year, and the production construction area should meet the requirements of 1 fattening pig covering an area of square meters per year.

4.Planning of supporting land for pig farms.

As mentioned above, the basic approach of ecological pig farms is the combination of agriculture and animal husbandry. A large pig farm produces nearly 100 tons of manure every day, which will cause considerable environmental pollution if it is discharged indiscriminately. Therefore, it is best to equip farmland, fish ponds, orchards, etc. near the pig farm, which can not only turn these manure into treasures, but also bring considerable economic benefits.

The planning of these farmlands, fish ponds, orchards and other supporting land should be fully considered when selecting the site of the pig farm. The carrying capacity of the land for livestock and poultry manure is certain. If the livestock and poultry carrying capacity of the land is determined by the method of absorbing livestock and poultry manure nitrogen (Mingfeng N) in a specific area, the number of pigs that can be carried per quarter can be calculated according to the average annual manure production per pig and the annual nutrient loss per hectare of land.

The above is the general pig farm overall planning layout should pay attention to the problem, there is a poorly considered place, hope to criticize and advise the locust blind.

Pig farms should be kept clean and refreshing, and the unhealthy pigs of the Health Bureau and Tongkai should be fed separately, and the pigs produced should be fed separately. The pig house should be open and well-lit. The supporting facilities should be complete, and the layout of the pig house should be reasonable.

I think it's going to take a different overall plan depending on the site, and you can look at it and then lay it out.

First of all, it is necessary to plan according to the area of breeding, which should ensure ventilation and ventilation, and the pipes of sewer pipes should be separated.

1. In order to achieve ecological pig raising, it is necessary to make full use of the land and use some biological and physical new energy to meet the normal and reasonable operation of the pig farm. The design of the pig house should be brought into play, save labor, improve efficiency, and realize scientific ecological cycle in combination with reuse.

2. Different pig herds should not be mixed, pigs at different stages should be grouped, and the principle of all-in and all-out should be implemented to reduce the harm caused by external factors. The physical fitness of pigs should be balanced with the environment, and the effective virtuous cycle should promote the growth potential of the pigs themselves. Human intervention is required to create a suitable temperature and humidity for the first pigs to promote the growth of pigs.

3. Pig farms should be built in areas with high terrain, dry environment and relatively buffered terrain. Low-lying areas are prone to bacteria, microbial growth, and damp ground can also corrode pig breeding equipment. Therefore, it is conducive to drainage and sewage discharge in the plain area with high terrain, high terrain and sufficient sunlight, reducing the influence of cold air flow, and the field will be more convenient in the case of production contact and pig transportation.

The best way is to find professionals to design the pig farm before it is built, and make the overall layout according to the scale of breeding and the existing conditions, and design a pig farm suitable for you according to local conditions. If the pig farm has been designed, but it is found that there are some irrationalities, then it can be slightly adjusted according to the existing conditions.

Today we are going to share the problem of the location of pig farms.

First, the terrain.

In the construction of pig farms, especially large pig farms, the topography of the pig farm should be considered first, because this involves the future development of the pig farm. The choice of terrain should follow the "Sixteen Character Guidelines": flat terrain, high location, leeward and sunny, and good drainage.

We know that pig farming has an impact on the environment. If the farm is built along the wind direction, the smell of the pig farm will blow farther and farther with the wind direction, expanding the polluted area; Pig farms have a lot of feed and manure and are prone to mycosis. Sunny, well-drained heights greatly reduce the occurrence of mildew.

2. Soil selection.

This is a factor that is often overlooked when choosing a farm. In fact, soil has a big impact on the environment of a pig farm. The principle is to choose soil with good air permeability, easy water permeability and large heat capacity, which can effectively inhibit the breeding of microorganisms, parasites, mosquitoes and flies, and reduce the temperature difference between day and night.

However, where the air permeability is poor and the soil is easy to compact, it is likely to lead to the reproduction of microorganisms and germs, which will eventually affect the health of pigs. There is one point to note here. Many microorganisms are very viable, and some can even survive in the soil for decades.

Therefore, when choosing a pig farm, the construction of old pig farms should be avoided as much as possible, so as not to affect the health of pigs with residual microorganisms.

Third, traffic conditions.

Transportation seems to be a contradiction in pig farms. On the one hand, the cost of transportation is high, considering the work of raising and discharging pigs, transporting feed and manure. Therefore, it is better to build a pig farm in a convenient place, which can save a lot of costs.

On the other hand, if it is too close to the traffic artery, it is easy to spread diseases, which not only brings difficulties to the epidemic prevention work of pig farms, but also causes certain pollution to the surrounding environment.

The better distance is that the pig farm is built in an area more than 400 meters from the main road and 500-1000 meters from the residential area. If there is a fence, or there are obstacles such as rivers and forest belts around, the distance can be shortened appropriately. However, it should be noted that it is forbidden to build pig farms in tourist areas and areas with serious industrial pollution.

Of course, different places have different requirements for distance. On this issue, we should judge according to the actual situation on the ground.

Four. Water quality.

Anyone who has ever raised a pig knows that water plays an extremely important role in pig farms, as it involves the daily needs of breeders, the daily drinking water of pigs, and the water used for feeding management.

When we build a pig farm, the site should be close to the water source to ensure that the water is sufficient, the water quality is good, it is convenient to enter and exit, and to protect health. If it is located downstream of the plant, this water is not usable, and this address should be carefully considered. Of course, in addition to the above points, there are still many problems that need to be paid attention to in the location of pig farms, such as insufficient pig farm area will bring inconvenience to feeding management, epidemic prevention, fire prevention, etc.

First of all, the issue of environmental protection, now many places prohibit the normal operation of aquaculture companies, so we must choose a place where aquaculture is allowed, and it is very important to pay attention to the transportation problem and feed ** problem and market.

Be sure to consider the surrounding environment, as well as the surrounding residents, but also consider the cleaning, movement, feeding of the pigs, etc., and it is best to choose an area that is far away from the residents.

The requirements for the location of the pig farm are not high. It mainly depends on personal and other factors.

Transportation, quarantine is convenient.

Whether it is convenient to grow pig feed reduces costs.

Whether the environment is suitable (temperature, topography, human factors).

Whether there are conditions for ecological farming to increase income.

In short, the site selection of the pig farm should be planned for the future, and the later investment and breeding costs should be minimized.

It is necessary to pay attention to the construction of the environment, but also to pay attention to environmental protection, but also to pay attention to the construction of the pigsty, but also to pay attention to the ecological environment of the pigsty, but also to pay attention to the disinfection of the pigsty.

The construction of pig farms needs to pay attention to scale, and also to do disinfection, sterilization, and vaccination of pigs, so that the pigs raised will be healthy.

Be sure to pay attention to the cleaning of manure, pig breeding is necessary to pay attention to cleanliness and hygiene, and the cleaning of manure is very important.

At present, there are two main problems in the construction of pig houses in rural pig farms. First, improper site selection; Second, the structure of the pig house is unreasonable. If it is not corrected in time, it will bring immeasurable losses to the health of pigs, the growth of pigs and the economic benefits of pig farms.

Therefore, when building a pig barn in the countryside, it is necessary to pay attention to the following points:

The construction of pig farms should first consider site selection. Pay attention to the following basic principles: do not get too close to the water source; Don't get too close to the road; Do not get too close to other animal feeding areas, etc. Generally speaking, pig farms should be built in remote and sparsely populated places as much as possible, and epidemic prevention factors should be put in the first place.

Regardless of the size of the pig farm construction, it is recommended to find a professional pig farm designer for on-site inspection, at least ask experienced personnel to give opinions and suggestions. If properly designed, it can not only save a lot of construction costs for the entire pig farm, but also make full use of automated equipment, such as liquid feeding system, environmental control system, automatic fertilizer removal system, etc. The biggest advantage of pig farm design is that various factors can be considered comprehensively to reduce the burden of daily management in the future.

At present, the construction of pig farms must consider environmental protection, especially pig farms with a scale of more than 200 heads. In the past, it was said that the threshold for raising pigs was low, but now it is no longer appropriate to talk about this. Environmental policies have raised the bar for pig raising.

Tens of thousands of pig farms across the country have been demolished due to environmental pressures. It can be said that if the pig farm does not build the corresponding environmental protection treatment facilities, even if the construction is better and the investment is larger, it will be demolished at any time.

Most pig farms have problems, whether in the feeding trough of the nursing barn or in the fattening barn. If the feed surface is insufficient, the piglets are easy to drill or overflow, resulting in feed waste. These losses are often overlooked, and they are also the biggest losses for pig farms.

According to the feeding amount of each pen, 3 4 pigs are raised in one feed level. If the material level is insufficient, it is easy to cause unsatisfactory uniformity in the tower. The main reason for feed overflow is that the trough is too shallow or too narrow, and the outlet of the trough should not be higher than the outer edge of the trough, otherwise the feed leakage is easy to overflow.

In addition, it is best to install two drinking fountains in each pigsty, one high and one low, which is conducive to drinking water for pigs of different sizes. The height of the water dispenser should be at shoulder level with the standing pig.

Positioning requirements for the construction of pig farms.

1.Pigsty direction requirements.

The pig house should be conducive to lighting and warmth: due to the geographical location of our country, the angle of the sun in winter is reduced, and the south of the pig house gets more light, so it is recommended that the pig house is facing south and effectively keeps warm in winter; In summer, the sun angle is high, the pig house faces south, and the sunlight cannot reach the pig house, which can ensure the effect of warm in winter and cool in summer.

2.Wind direction requirements for pig barns.

Because China belongs to the southeast monsoon area, there is a southeast wind in summer, and a northeast wind or northwest wind in winter, and the pig house building should be facing the wind direction, so that the natural wind can be used to ventilate the pig house, which can effectively improve the health of pigs and save the cost of equipment ventilation. Therefore, it is recommended that the pig house is 15-30° south-east or south-west, according to the local geographical environment.