How to operate the total station and how to use the total station

Operation and use of total stations.

Different models of total stations will have great differences in their specific operation methods. The following is a brief introduction to the basic operation and use of the total station.

1.Basic operation and use of total station.

1) Horizontal angle measurement.

1) Press the angle measurement button to put the total station in angle measurement mode and aim at the first target A.

2) Set the horizontal dial reading in the A direction to 0°00 00.

3) Aiming at the second target b, the horizontal dial reading displayed at this time is the horizontal angle between the two directions.

2) Distance measurement.

1) Set the prism constant.

Before ranging, the prism constant must be entered into the instrument, and the instrument will automatically correct the measured distance.

2) Set the atmospheric correction value or air temperature and pressure value.

The propagation velocity of light in the atmosphere varies with the temperature and pressure of the atmosphere, and 15 and 760 mmHg are the standard values set by the instrument, at which point the atmosphere is corrected to 0 ppm. During the actual measurement, the temperature and pressure values can be entered, and the total station will automatically calculate the atmospheric correction value (or directly enter the atmospheric correction value), and correct the ranging results.

3) The measuring instrument is high, the prism is high, and the total station is inputted.

4) Distance measurement.

Illuminate the center of the target prism, press the ranging button, the distance measurement starts, and the oblique distance, flat distance, and height difference are displayed when the ranging measurement is completed.

There are three types of ranging modes of the total station: precision measurement mode, tracking mode and rough measurement mode. The precision measurement mode is the most commonly used ranging mode, the measurement time is about, and the minimum display unit is 1mm; Tracking mode, often used for continuous ranging when tracking moving targets or lofting, the minimum display is generally 1cm, and the time of each ranging is about; Coarse measurement mode, measurement time approximately, the minimum display unit is 1cm or 1mm. When measuring distances or coordinates, you can press the Mode button to select different ranging modes.

It should be noted that some models of total stations cannot set the height of the instrument and the height of the prism when measuring the distance, and the height difference displayed is the height difference between the center of the horizontal axis of the total station and the center of the prism.

3) Coordinate measurement.

1) Set the reading of the measuring plate of the measuring station to its azimuth. When setting the coordinates of the backsight point, the total station automatically calculates the azimuth of the backsight direction and sets the horizontal dial reading of the backsight direction to its azimuth.

3) Set the prism constant.

4) Set the atmospheric correction value or air temperature and pressure value.

5) The measuring instrument is high, the prism is high and input into the total station.

6) Illuminate the target prism, press the coordinate measurement button, and the total station will start the ranging and calculate the three-dimensional coordinates of the display measurement point.

The question is asked in such a general way that it seems to be a novice to measurement.

The most basic function of a total station is to measure distances, angles. From this, a variety of application functions can be derived: coordinate measurement, area measurement, vertical height measurement, coordinate lofting, and so on.

Key points of operation:

1. Set up the instrument and center and level it.

2. Set up a station, look at the rear, and measure and verify.

3. Measurement and lofting.

It is necessary to have basic knowledge of surveying and mapping, and also refer to the equipment manuals of each model.

Two coordinate points are known, and the other coordinate is measured or the other coordinate is staked. Set up a total station at a known point, first level the bubble and then level the tube, after centering, click the coordinate measurement or lofting, and enter the coordinates of the coordinate point to determine.

Enter another known coordinate point, i.e., the coordinates of the backsight point, the point is determined at one time, and the other person will align the tripod on the known coordinate point.

The alignment is good, and the walkie-talkie signals the surveyor to OK and starts measuring. The rotating total station is illuminated at the rear sight point, fixed, and determined. Click OK to automatically click OK more than three times.

Set the tripod on the point to be measured, and rotate the total station to point and click to measure. If you have more than three dots, you will be judged based on the average. Are you sure.

Or enter the coordinates of the lofting point to determine, rotate the total station to the horizontal angle of zero, fix and fine-tune to zero, command the tripod to move to the direction of the total station, click to measure, and command it to move back and forth until the error is zero mm. Fixed point.

How to use the total station and steps:

The total station is composed of an alignment part, a base, a horizontal dial and other parts, and adopts a coded dial or a grating dial, and the reading mode is electronic display. There are function operation keys and power supplies, and there is also a data communication interface.

Use of total stations.

1) Preparation before measurement.

1) Installation of the battery (Note: The battery needs to be fully charged before measurement).

Insert the guide block at the bottom of the battery compartment into the guide hole for the battery.

Press the top of the battery compartment until you hear a "click" sound.

Press down on the unlock button to remove the battery.

2) Placement of instruments.

One point was selected on the experimental site as the station, and the other two points were used as the observation points.

Place the total station at the point, center, and level.

Place prisms at each of the two points.

3) Setting of vertical and horizontal dial indicators.

Vertical dial indicator settings.

Release the vertical disc brake knob and rotate the telescope longitudinally for one turn (the telescope is on the left side of the disk, when the objective lens passes through the horizontal plane) and the vertical dial indicator is set. A chime is heard, and a right angle is displayed.

Horizontal dial indicator settings.

Release the horizontal brake spiral, rotate the alignment part 360, and the horizontal dial indicator is automatically set. A chime sounds, and the horizontal angle is displayed at the same time. At this point, the vertical and horizontal dial indicators have been set.

Note: Whenever the instrument is powered on, the indicators must be reset and set.

4) Adjust focus and aim at the target.

The operation steps are the same as those of the general theodolite, and attention is paid to eliminating parallax.

2) Angle measurement.

1) First determine from the display whether you are in angle measurement mode or not, if not, press operation to switch to distance mode.

2) Aim at the left target A on the left side of the disk, press the zero button to make the reading of the horizontal dial display as 0°00 00, rotate the alignment part clockwise, aim at the right target B, and read the display reading.

3) The same method can be used to observe the right side of the disk.

4) If you measure the vertical angle, you can read the display reading of the vertical plate at the same time as reading the horizontal dial.

3) Distance measurement.

1) First determine from the display whether you are in distance measurement mode or not, then press the operation key to convert to coordinate mode.

2) Illuminate the center of the prism, then the display screen can display the animation of the arrow forward, and the coordinate measurement will be completed at the end of the advance, and the distance will be obtained, HD is the horizontal distance, and VD is the tilt distance.

4) Coordinate measurement.

1) First determine whether you are in coordinate measurement mode from the display, if not, press the operation key to convert to coordinate mode.

2) Enter the coordinates of the O point and the rear view point of the site, as well as the height of the instrument and the height of the prism.

3) Aim at the center of the prism, then the display screen can display the animation of the arrow forward, and at the end of the advance, the coordinate measurement will be completed, and the coordinates of the point will be obtained.

The operation steps of the total station are divided into four steps: first, the placement of the instrument; 2. Instrument leveling; 3. Set the rear view to zero after focusing the photo; Fourth, measure or stake out according to the target.

Hello dear, turn on the power switch (press the power key), the display shows the current prism constant and meteorological correction number and power supply voltage. If the battery is insufficient, the battery should be replaced in time. (3) The self-test rotation alignment part of the instrument and the telescope are each covered for one week, and the horizontal dial and vertical dial of the instrument are initialized (some instruments do not need to be initialized).

4) Check and set the prism constant of the setting parameters: check whether the constant set by the instrument is consistent with the constant given when the instrument leaves the factory or the constant after verification, and it should be corrected if it is inconsistent. Meteorological correction parameter settings:

You can directly enter meteorological parameters (ambient air temperature t and air pressure p), or check the correction parameters from the random meteorological correction table, or use the formula to calculate, and then enter the silver weather correction parameters. (5) In the standard measurement state, the angle measurement mode, the oblique measurement mode, the horizontal distance measurement mode and the coordinate measurement mode can be switched between each other. After the total station is precisely aimed at the target, the required observations can be obtained by switching between different measurement modes.

Illumination and measurement (6) When illuminating and measuring the direction of measurement, the center of the benchmark or the card should be illuminated, and the center of the reflecting prism should be aimed at the distance measurement.

Here's how to use the total station:1. Erection: Erect the installed instrument to a stable tripod, and tighten the center spiral.

2. Coarse flat: If you want to know whether it is coarse flat, you can look at the round bubbles, and then rotate the spiral of the 3 focal points of the instrument respectively to adjust the instrument to coarse flat.

3. Fine leveling: You can see that there is also a level under the lens, here it is necessary to achieve leveling by rotating the angle spiral, and generally the total station can be rotated 90° to achieve fine leveling.

4. Inspection: Rotate the alignment part of the instrument 90° to see if the bubble is centered, if not, it means that there is still a certain deviation, and usually repeat step 3.