What are the functions of reservoirs in terms of water ecology and environment?

1. Impact on climate:

After the construction of large and medium-sized reservoirs and irrigation projects, the original land becomes a body of water or wetland, which makes the local surface air more humid, which will increase rainfall and lead to changes in temperature, and the average annual temperature will increase slightly.

2. Impact on hydrology:

After the construction of the reservoir changes the flow of the downstream river, stores the flood season flood, and intercepts the base flow in the non-flood season, the water level of the downstream river will drop greatly or even cut off, and cause the surrounding groundwater level to drop, the downstream natural lakes or ponds will dry up, and the estuary sediment will be silted, resulting in seawater inflow.

3. In addition, it has a more or less impact on the water body, soil, surrounding fisheries, etc.

On the earth, water is one of the essential substances for the survival of human society and the key factor for the coordinated development of the ecological environment. It is the decisive condition that determines the survival of life on the earth, and it is also the most active element in the ecosystem. In the earth's ecosystem, the process of the world's material cycle is realized through the participation of water.

The adjustment and development of human economy has made the number of human beings continue to expand, and the content and scope of human activities are also rapidly expanding. Human beings' unrestricted access to nature has an increasing impact on the earth's ecological environment, and its destructive power to natural resources is also increasing. In the process of social development, the relationship between the development and utilization of water resources and the impact on the ecological environment has become more and more prominent.

When human beings use water resources, they often lack a long-term strategic vision, only consider the immediate water resource needs, often sacrifice resources and the environment, and the environmental construction needs of natural ecosystems, and have no long-term consideration for the balance of the ecological environment. The failure to adopt a development perspective in the use of water resources has caused a vicious imbalance between the environment and the ecology, and has affected and damaged the water environment and water ecology. At present, the environment on which human society depends is under serious threat, which is mainly manifested in the degradation and even death of vegetation, as well as the problems of river drying up and breaking, riverbed siltation and blockage, lake reclamation and shrinkage, wetland area reduction, soil erosion, water pollution, land desertification and other ecological imbalance and environmental deterioration.

It has changed and damaged the entire ecosystem of the earth, affecting the sustainable development of social economy.

The reservoir can store rainwater in the surrounding area, affect the surrounding humidity, and can irrigate the surrounding farmland, but once the reservoir is damaged, it will cause the surrounding area to be flooded and destroy the surrounding ecology.

The reservoir is mainly conditional on the ecological environment, and this kind of reservoir mainly plays a role in regulating and protecting the surrounding environment and surrounding water resources.

The function of reservoirs in terms of water ecological environment is to prevent floods and droughts.

Hope it helps, thanks!

On the one hand, it is the function of tap water, on the one hand, it is the function of water storage, and on the other hand, it is the function of breeding, and it can also be the function of tourism.

Reservoirs have functions in terms of water ecology and environment: they can regulate the humidity in the air and the amount of water.

Regulate the water cycle, can store water for flood control, and so on.

The main link in the construction of reservoirs that affects the water cycle is surface runoff.

The various parts of the water cycle include:

One: Offshore internal circulation.

Evaporation – precipitation.

Two: onshore internal circulation.

Evaporation, transpiration of plants – precipitation.

Three: sea and land circulation.

Evaporation - water vapor transport - precipitation - surface runoff, underground runoff (return to the ocean) Possible disasters from the construction of reservoirs are:

1. Cause the rise of groundwater level, in arid and semi-arid areas, the rise of groundwater level may cause soil salinization, and in humid areas may lead to cold springs invading fertile fields.

2. Large reservoirs may trigger**.

3. After the completion of the barrage dam, the sedimentary environment of the river may be changed due to the decrease in the flow rate of the upstream river section, which may cause the change of the channel of the channel.

4. If the dam fails under the action of force majeure, it will cause a catastrophe to the downstream.

5. It may affect the reproduction of migratory fish.

Due to the deterioration of water quality and the slowing down of water flow, aquatic plants and algae spread everywhere, which not only evaporated a large amount of river water, but also blocked river irrigation canals. These aquatic plants are not only found throughout irrigation channels, but also invade the main river channels. They hinder the efficient operation of irrigation canals and require frequent mechanical or chemical cleaning.

In this way, the maintenance of the irrigation system is increased.

1. Water is an important compound that makes up living organisms.

2. Water can regulate body temperature and temperature.

3. Water can maintain a certain tension in the body, so that the animal can maintain a certain shape and live normally.

4. Water is a very loose body and solvent with a large number of nutrients and elements.

5. Water is an important carrier of biogeochemical cycles, especially the alluvial cycles, so the water cycle is also the driving force of geological change.

The ecological and environmental significance and socio-economic significance of the reservoir are mainly reflected in the following aspects:

1.Ecological environment: Reservoirs can maintain the balance of the ecological environment by storing and discharging floodwater, irrigating farmland, etc., and at the same time, they can also improve the water quality and protect the natural environment.

In addition, it can be used as part of inter-basin water transfer projects, such as the South-to-North Water Transfer Project, to help maintain biodiversity.

2.Socio-economic aspects: Reservoirs can improve navigation conditions and promote inter-regional exchanges. In addition, the establishment and management of the reservoir will also bring employment opportunities and improve the local economy.

However, the construction of reservoirs also brings some environmental, economic and management problems, such as land inundation, biodiversity loss, migration problems, etc. Therefore, when deciding whether to build a reservoir, it is necessary to fully consider these factors, control the occurrence of environmental problems from the strategic source, and avoid or mitigate the adverse impact of decision-making errors on the surrounding environment [2].

Ecological environment posture significance: water storage and flood discharge, irrigation to irrigate farmland, and maintain biodiversity.

Cross-basin water diversion such as the Southward Trail or the Heshui to the North Diversion Project will improve shipping conditions.

Socio-economic significance: aquaculture, development of eco-tourism, supply of water for production and living.

The green reservoir refers to the forest ecosystem.

Forest ecosystem is an ecosystem composed of biological communities (including plants, animals and microorganisms) and their abiotic environments (light, heat, water, air, soil, etc.) with trees as the main body. It is a natural ecological science that exchanges matter and energy between organisms and the environment, and between organisms and organisms.

The diversity and changes in the composition and structure of forest ecosystems involve different spatial and temporal scales such as individuals, populations, communities, ecosystems, landscapes, and regions, which are intertwined with quite complex ecological processes.

The patterns and processes at different temporal and spatial scales are different, that is, the observations at a single scale can only reflect the patterns and processes at that scale, and the definition of a specific ecosystem should depend on the spatiotemporal scale and the corresponding process rate, and the results obtained at one scale are often inappropriate when applied to another.

Therefore, it is necessary to follow the theoretical model of pattern and process scale, and establish a connection between the well-known small-scale pattern and the medium-scale and large-scale pattern and process to be studied, so as to realize the information deduction and transformation of different spatial and temporal scales.

Therefore, since the 90s of the 20th century, ecological research has shifted from focusing on structure, function and biological productivity to focusing more on process, pattern and scale correlations.

Green reservoirs refer to forest ecosystems.

The forest ecosystem is a unified system in which forest organisms interact with the environment and forest organisms, and produce energy conversion and material circulation. It can be divided into natural forest ecological family balancing system and plantation ecosystem mega. Compared with terrestrial ecosystems, it has the following characteristics: Rich biological species, more hierarchical structure, more complex food chain, higher photosynthetic productivity, and therefore higher biological production capacity.

Forests can not only provide a large amount of timber and by-products for human beings, but also play an important role in maintaining the stability of the biosphere and improving the ecological environment. For example, forest plants, through photosynthesis, consume a large amount of carbon dioxide every day and release a large amount of oxygen, which is important for maintaining the balance of carbon dioxide and oxygen content in the atmosphere.

Ecological advantages

The main components of the forest are trees, which have a long growth period and some species have a long lifespan. In China, thousand-year-old trees are not uncommon. According to records, apple trees can live for 100 to 200 years; Pear trees can live for 300 years; Walnut trees can live for 300 to 400 years; Elms live for 500 years; Birch trees can live for 600 years; Camphor trees and oak trees can live for 800 years; Pine and cypress trees can live for more than 1,000 years.

Trees have a long growing season, and from a harvest point of view, good silver is not as great as the contribution of crops. However, from an ecological point of view, it can play a long-term role in covering the ground and improving the environment. It is precisely because the forest ecosystem has such advantages in space and time that the forest has a large impact on the environment, a long duration, a strong protective effect, and significant benefits.