Traditional festivals and customs of the Yuan and Song dynasties

Can anyone tell me about the traditional festivals and customs of the Yuan and Song dynasties, the more detailed the better! It would be better to have professional personnel.

New Year's Day is the first day of January in the modern Gregorian calendar, and it is the first day of the new year celebrated worldwide. In China, New Year's Day was not sold until 1949 as an official holiday. Although New Year's Day was not stipulated as a traditional festival in history, during the Song Dynasty, New Year's Day was already celebrated.

During the Song Dynasty in the Middle Side, New Year's Day was called "Yuan Day" and was the first day of the first lunar month. During the Song Dynasty, due to the influence of feudal etiquette and the cultural atmosphere in society, New Year's Day became a traditional festival with a great sense of ritual and celebration. On this day, the literati of the Song Dynasty would write poems and essays to celebrate the arrival of the new year.

Therefore, it can be said that New Year's Day, as a traditional festival in East Asia, originated from the cultural tradition of the Huaizhi Song Dynasty.

A very famous and now lost festival in the Song Dynasty - the Cold Food Festival. After the Song Dynasty, the custom of cold food and tomb sweeping moved to the Qingming Dynasty. Customaries such as youth tours and swings are also only held during the Qingming Festival.

The Qingming Festival has risen from a simple agricultural festival to an important festival, and the influence of the Cold Food Festival has disappeared.

In the Song Dynasty, the style of going to the Qing Dynasty prevailed, and the famous painter Zhang Zeduan's genre painting "Qingming Riverside Map" vividly depicts the lively scene of the people of Kyoto hiking in the Qingming Dynasty of the Song Dynasty.

During the Qingming Festival of the Song Dynasty, in addition to the ready-made foods such as thick dumplings, wheat cakes, cheeses, and quiches sold in the market, people also made a kind of swallow-shaped pasta, called Zao Gong Feiyan, which is said to be used to worship Jie Zi Tui in the past.

During the Southern Song Dynasty, Lin'an (now Hangzhou) had the custom of eating wontons on the day of the winter solstice. Zhou Mi of the Song Dynasty said that the people of Lin'an ate wontons on the winter solstice to worship their ancestors. It was only in the Southern Song Dynasty that the custom of eating wontons and worshiping ancestors on the winter solstice began to prevail in China.

There are also festivals and folk customs of the Song Dynasty, such as the Lantern Festival large-scale lanterns riding lions and elephants, and the statue of Fuxian Bodhisattva, which surrounds on the eighth day of the first month of April"Bathing Buddha"A series of folk activities in the Qixi Festival"Grind and drink", July 15th"Obon", the eighth day of the twelfth month"Laba porridge"Wait a minute.

From the Big Science team.

Spring Festival, Dragon Boat Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival.

(1) Lantern Festival (2) Spring Festival (3) Qingming Festival

The traditional festivals that still remain in the Song Dynasty are the Lantern Festival, the Dragon Boat Festival, the Mid-Autumn Festival, etc., and there are many festivals in the Song Dynasty, such as the Spring Festival, the Lantern Festival, the Qingming Festival, the Dragon Boat Festival, the Mid-Autumn Festival, the Double Ninth Festival, etc. The Spring Festival of the Song Dynasty is called New Year's Day or Yuan Day, which is the most solemn of all the festivals of the year, and the Lantern Festival is also called the Lantern Festival. The Spring Festival in the Song Dynasty, also known as New Year's Day, was the most important.

A few days before New Year's Day, people sprinkle and sweep the courtyard to prepare for the festival. On Chinese New Year's Eve, the people would sacrifice to their ancestors, welcome the gods and offer Buddha, hang New Year's paintings, and paste "peach charms". The family sits around the fireplace, drinks and sings until dawn, and is called "keeping the new year".

On New Year's Day, it is popular to set off firecrackers, wear new clothes, and pay New Year's greetings. The streets were filled with colorful goods, and the song halls and dance halls were crowded with people, and even women came out to play

Dragon Boat Festival, Spring Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival, Lantern Festival.

The fifteenth day of the first lunar month is commonly known as the "Lantern Festival", because its main customs are lanterns, lanterns, and lanterns, so it is also called the "Lantern Festival". In ancient times, the Lantern Festival of the Northern Song Dynasty was the most lively, with the most "lights" and "brightest".

The Northern Song Dynasty attached so much importance to the Lantern Festival, which was related to the promotion of Zhao Kuangyin, the founder of the Song Dynasty. In history, the Shangyuan Lantern Exhibition in the early Song Dynasty was three days, that is, the tenth day of the first month.

Four, ten. V.XVI. To the fifth year of Taizu Qiande (967), the court was fine, the country was stable, and the valley was abundant, because the Kaifeng Mansion was renewed for ten.

Seven and eighteen night lights, since then there has been the Song generation, Shangyuan five night lights to form a system. With the rapid development of the economy, in the middle of the Northern Song Dynasty, the Lantern Festival not only put five night lanterns in a row, but also gave three days off across the country, so that the government and the people could enjoy and enjoy together. Even in the last years of the Northern Song Dynasty, when the economy was in decline, the official still attached great importance to the lantern festival lantern display.

In order to do a good job in the lantern exhibition, the "rehearsal" and "pre-appreciation" began on the 15th day of the first lunar month. That is, like the current Spring Festival Gala, all programs are "pre-reviewed" and "rehearsed with makeup" before the official debut......

The "lantern" of the Lantern Festival has also become a stage for people in the Song Dynasty to display their talents.