What is the difference between 19th century French neoclassicism and previous classicism?

The biggest difference, I think, is that it can be called revolutionary classicism. Its development accompanied the French Revolution throughout, and its subject matter was often based on ancient Greek and Roman mythology. Its techniques can be traced back to classical balance, heavy sketching, composition stability, etc.

On the surface, the reason for the emergence of "neoclassicism" is that people are tired of the extravagant, complicated, carved and grotesque aristocratic styles such as Baroque and Rococo, while the discovery of ancient ruins such as Pompeii and the great development of archaeology have rekindled people's strong interest in the artistic styles of ancient Greece and Rome. But on a deeper level, the prevalence of neoclassicism reflects the political needs of the emerging bourgeoisie. Ancient Greek and Roman art and design became a powerful consequence of the feudal aristocracy by the emerging bourgeoisie because of their rationality, democratic characteristics, republican form of government, heroism and social responsibility.

In the 18th century, the Enlightenment thinkers of Fatong promoted the popularity of this style in the conceptual field, and the politicians of the bourgeois revolution greatly appreciated and supported this style. In terms of artistic style, neoclassicism swept away the pretentious, delicate and superficial atmosphere of Roco Town with its concise, simple, solemn, elegant, rational and pragmatic characteristics. The development of neoclassicism in Europe varies slightly depending on the national conditions of each country, and in general, the ancient Roman style is mainly popular in France, while in Britain and Germany, the Greek style is more prevalent.

During the Neoclassical period, furniture and ceramic design were more prominent in the field of art and design.

Classicism: Popular in Western Europe in the 17th century, it is a literary trend in France. It is based on ancient Greek and Roman literature in literary theory and creative practice, and is called "classicism".

In France, from the beginning of the 17th century to around 1660, it was a stage of gradual formation of classicism, which was mainly manifested in the stereotype of classicist literary language and the establishment of various literary genres. The poet Malaiber and the grammarian Volgera, among others, played a large role in this.

Modernism :

Modernism is a bourgeois trend of literary and artistic thought that has been popular in the European and American literary circles in this century, and it is also a reflection of the social, spiritual, and artistic crises in the contemporary Western world in the field of literature and art. It is derived from the French modern and has the meaning of the latest, modern, avant-garde.

Modernism in the West is a product of capitalism's entry into the monopoly stage, and it is also a product of various irrational philosophies and social currents.

Different: 1. The emphasis is different. Classicism believes that "reason is the beginning and the source of successful writing". Classicism emphasizes rationality. Neoclassicism, on the other hand, replaces the judgment of individual writers with feudal rational judgments, emphasizing judgment.

2. Different cognitions of nature. Classicism holds that nature refers to the objectively realistic life of man. Or socks and neoclassicism believes that nature refers to things that conform to common sense, especially to human nature that is reasonable and reasonable.

1. Both advocate imitation of the classics. Classicism's "banner exemplified by Greece" was for Roman literature and art to rival the military exploits of the Roman aristocracy.

The banner of ancient Greece and Rome raised by neoclassicism was to standardize French literature and art, so that French literature and art, like the literature and art of the Roman Empire, became a brilliant Tongtuan debate literature and art worthy of the great cause of the "Sun Dynasty".

2. Both emphasize the moral cultivation that the poet lacks. Classicism requires poets to be virtuous, knowledgeable, talented, and to have a serious and responsible creative attitude. Neoclassicism also believes that a writer should pay attention to his own moral self-improvement, not only in terms of self-respect and self-love in personality, but also in cultivating his own healthy aesthetic taste.