Causes of secondary epilepsy Causes of epilepsy in the elderly

Department of Epilepsy, Xinke 1 Hospital: Many causes can cause epilepsy, especially lesions in the cerebral cortex. Genetic factors.

Epilepsy is predisposed to occur in some families of patients with a history of epilepsy or congenital central nervous system or cardiac anomalies. Brain damage and brain injury. Embryonic dysplasia caused by viral infection, radiation exposure, or other causes during embryonic development can cause epilepsy; Birth trauma is also a major cause of epilepsy during fetal delivery; Traumatic head injury can also cause epilepsy.

The main prevention of epilepsy is that patients with epilepsy should not abruptly reduce or stop taking anti-disease drugs, so as not to cause status epilepinoyl.

Hello, there are many factors that can cause seizures. For example: traumatic brain injury, high fever, shock, genetics, birth injury, etc.

It is recommended that if epilepsy is found, it should be carried out in a regular professional epilepsy hospital, and actively cooperate with the diagnosis and treatment of experts. At present, the most effective and advanced technology for epilepsy is ultra-low frequency bioelectromagnetic introduction technology, which uses an external magnetic field to interfere with the abnormal electrical activity of brain neurons, directly regulate the neurotransmitters related to seizures in the brain, improve the microenvironment of the EEG, balance the EEG function, stabilize the function of neurons, improve the microcirculation of the brain, and activate the repair of nerve cells. There is no pain in the process.

Epilepsy**1: Acquired factors, structural abnormalities or metabolic abnormalities in the brain caused by acquired factors can produce epileptogenic foci or lower the convulsive threshold. Lesions can be localized or diffuse, quiescent or progressive.

This type of epilepsy is called secondary (or secondary) epilepsy. Genetic factors may also play an important role in secondary epilepsy, especially in childhood.

Epilepsy**2: Genetic factors, a large number of studies have proved that epilepsy is related to genetic factors. Heredity can affect the function of ion channels in cell membranes, reduce the convulsive threshold, and cause neuronal firing.

Penetrance is highest between 5 and 15 years of age. Epilepsy syndromes that have been confirmed or presumed to be closely related to genetic factors include childhood and adolescent absence epilepsy, juvenile myoclonic epilepsy, primary generalized or localized epilepsy such as childhood benign epilepsy with temporal spikes, and autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy, some of which have been genetically localized.

Oh, you can go to Beijing Zhonghai Medical Hospital to find out.

secondary epilepsy or symptomatic epilepsy; It is also called having definite ** and cerebral epilepsy. There are many diseases that cause this type of epilepsy, which are mainly divided into the following two categories: one is intracerebral disease, various brain diseases, such as cerebrovascular disease, craniocerebral co-infiltration injury, meningitis, hydrocephalus, brain abscess, inflammatory granuloma, intracranial tumor, brain parasite, craniocerebral trauma, and demyelination.

Epilepsy can be caused by sheath diseases, abnormal brain development, sequelae of brain atrophy and brain surgery, local brain scarring, and brain degenerative diseases. The second is extracerebral diseases: such as: hypoglycemia, hypocalcemia, asphyxia, shock, eclampsia, uremia, and diabetes.

Disease, cardiogenic convulsions, and metallic, drug poisoning, etc. Many central nervous system or systemic disorders can cause epilepsy. The common causes of secondary epilepsy are birth trauma, intracranial infection, abnormal cerebral circulation, etc., such as sequelae of encephalitis, febrile seizures in children, etc., which can cause epilepsy.

There are many types of epilepsy, which are usually classified into two categories: idiopathic symptomatic (secondary).

1) Special cattle.

Idiopathic epilepsy refers to a type of epilepsy without manifestations of organic or metabolic diseases in the brain and the cause of the disease is not clear, also known as true or primary epilepsy. With the continuous development and progress of medical science, the causes of epilepsy have been continuously discovered, and the proportion of primary epilepsy is shrinking day by day, so some scholars call this epilepsy also known as cryptogenic epilepsy. There are no significant structural changes and metabolic abnormalities in some parts of the brain, but there are genetic factors, and there are familial cases of prostitution and adolescence, and some people also call this epilepsy hereditary epilepsy.

The seizure forms of idiopathic epilepsy are mostly generalized, such as generalized tonic seizures, absence seizures, and myoclonic seizures.

2) Symptomatic (secondary).

Caused by a variety of organic brain lesions or metabolic disorders.

Congenital malformations: such as chromosomal malformations, congenital hydrocephalus, microcephaly, callosum hypoplasia, cerebral cortex hypoplasia, etc.

Prenatal and perinatal disease: birth trauma is common in symptomatic epilepsy in infancy**.

Contusion, edema, and hemorrhagic infarction can also lead to local cerebral sclerosis, which may result in the formation of lesions after several years. Patients with cerebral palsy also often have epilepsy.

Febrile seizures: severe and long-lasting febrile seizures can cause brain damage including neuronal loss and glial hyperplasia, primarily in the medial temporal lobes and in the hippocampus.

Head injury: patients with epilepsy after head injury, with depressed fractures, dural tears, and focal neurological signs, and memory impairment after long-term injury. Early seizures occur within a few weeks of injury.

Infection: Seen in various bacterial meningitis, brain abscess, granuloma, viral encephalitis, and parasitic diseases such as porcine cysts, schistosomiasis, toxoplasmosis, etc.

Common bacterial infections include tuberculous meningitis, epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis, burubacter encephalitis, arachnoiditis, epidural abscess, etc. The acute phase can be one of the symptoms of clinical manifestations, and in the late dynasties, seizures and epileptic discharges on the brain can also be left, and the seizures can be generalized or partial.

Viral infections include Japanese encephalitis, herpes simplex virus encephalitis, herpes zoster virus encephalitis, etc. In addition to the seizures in the acute stage, patients with acute infection can also have encephalomalacia, atrophic lesions and recurrent seizures in the ** stage. Chronic patients may have partial or generalized seizures as the disease progresses.

In addition, "sporadic encephalitis" caused by viral infections is also common with seizures, or epilepsy (huo

Yidian) epilepsy was its main clinical manifestation.

Parasitic infections: Common cerebral parasitic diseases include neurocysticercosis, cerebral echinococcosis, cerebral schistosomiasis, cerebral lung flukes, cerebral toxoplasmosis, cerebral trichinosis and cerebral malaria. Among them, the most common cause of epilepsy in the north is neurocysticercosis, which is caused by the parasitism of the cysticerci larvae of porcine tapeworms in the brain.

It often presents with generalized tonic, stonic, and partial. In the south, cerebral schistosomiasis is the most common cause of seizures.

Poisoning: Lead, mercury, carbon monoxide, ethanol, soft-shelled turtle, isoniazid poisoning.

Extracerebral diseases, secondary epilepsy are common causes of birth injury, intracranial infection, abnormal cerebral circulation, etc., such as sequelae of encephalitis, febrile seizures in children, etc., which can cause epilepsy. Many central nervous system or systemic disorders can cause epilepsy. Such as:

Hypoglycemia, hypocalcemia, asphyxia, shock, eclampsia, uremia, diabetes, cardiogenic convulsions, metallic, poisoning, etc. Although we know that it is hereditary, patients should not worry too much about it, after all, the chance of heritability is very small. 2. Intracerebral diseases, all kinds of brain diseases, such as cerebrovascular disease, craniocerebral injury, encephalitis, meningitis, hydrocephalus, brain abscess, inflammatory granuloma, intracranial tumor, brain parasites, craniocerebral trauma, demyelinating diseases, abnormal brain development, sequelae of brain atrophy and brain surgery, local brain scars, brain degenerative diseases, etc.

There are many causes of secondary epilepsy, and there are two main ones:

1. Congenital diseases: Seizures caused by certain congenital diseases of the body, such as chromosomal aberrations, congenital hydrocephalus, incomplete development of the corpus callosum and cerebral cortex, and hereditary diseases, can induce secondary epilepsy.

2. Prenatal injury: In the process of childbirth, the impact of pregnant women on the baby due to various reasons, such as birth trauma, infant asphyxia, intrauterine dysplasia and intracranial hemorrhage, are relatively common causes of secondary epilepsy in children.

It is caused by an abnormal large amount of electrical discharge in the brain, ** This disease, you go to the ground and look for He Changqi, t: 400-0815-120. No. 172, Ankang Road, Xishan District, Kunming City, Yunnan Province.

Is it useful to have an EEG when not having a seizure?

Many patients have a concern about EEG: Can they catch abnormal discharges when they are not having a seizure? The answer is Kenkong's amusement:

OK. Epilepsy is a chronic disease that reverses. There will also be abnormal electrical discharges in the brain tissue during the interictal period, usually sporadic discharges, which will not cause clinical seizures.

When these discharges gradually increase and accumulate to a certain level, they can cause clinical seizures.

Most people with epilepsy get an intermittent EEG when they prepare for an EEG in an outpatient setting. Because outpatient EEG examinations are short (usually 1 hour) and seizures usually occur several times a month, it is difficult to catch an epitaphal EEG. For internal medicine**, intermittent finger roll EEG is sufficient.

Mutton is called hair in traditional Chinese medicine, and eating a large amount of it can cause seizures, so people with epilepsy try to eat as little as possible.

Generally, if the patient has no seizures within 3 years after the drug is stopped, and there is no abnormality in the electroencephalogram examination, it is considered to be **.

According to your description, your brother-in-law can reduce the medication, but the reduction and discontinuation of the medication need to be carried out under the guidance of a doctor. This is because stopping the drug abruptly can lead to seizures.

The process of drug reduction and discontinuation should be cautious and slow, and one should be reduced one by one when taking more than two drugs. In some cases, it may take more than a year to reduce the drug to complete discontinuation.

It is recommended to go to a regular professional hospital in time and consult a doctor in detail based on your brother-in-law's situation.

Diagnosis and treatment of secondary epilepsy. Epilepsy is a very complex disease, a common disease that has a great impact on human health, long-term seizures will cause irreversible damage to brain tissue, resulting in changes in the patient's personality, memory loss, academic performance decline, and even disability.

The key to epilepsy - early diagnosis, early **, **should be mainly identified**, and then for different **symptoms**, it is best to go for examination**, do not go to a small roadside clinic is unsafe. The following one is good.

The onset of rigidity or paresthesia in a certain part or one limb lasts for a short time and the consciousness is clear, so it is recommended to go to a regular hospital for examination in time**.

.Epilepsy is first of all a manifestation of brain disease, and if you have epilepsy, you must pay attention to medication control to prevent the onset of accidental situations.

Medical. If you are really sick in the hospital examination, you don't need to be anxious, you can be active in a timely manner, and you can find a specialist for treatment. . .