How to tell if it is an electrolyte How to tell if it is an electrolyte

First of all, metal salts and ammonium salts are ionic compounds and are electrolytes.

Secondly, strong acids and bases are also electrolytes.

Again, an organic compound composed entirely of non-metals, to observe the groups that compose it. hydrophilic, which is an electrolyte; Hydrophobic and non-electrolyte.

Finally, gases are generally non-electrolyte.

Electrolytes are compounds that are capable of conducting electricity in an aqueous solution or in a melted state. (1) The electrolyte must be a chemical compound. (2) The oxides of active metals, such as Na2O, Al2O3, etc., can conduct electricity in the molten state, because it can ionize ions by itself, so it is an electrolyte.

3) Substances such as CaCO3 are almost insoluble in water, and their aqueous solution conductivity is also weak, but the part dissolved in water is completely ionized, so it is an electrolyte. (4) Generally speaking, oxides of acids (regardless of strength), alkali (regardless of strength), salt (regardless of solubility), and active metals are electrolytes, while non-metal oxides are not electrolytes. (5) The vast majority of organic substances such as alcohol and sucrose are not electrolytes.

First of all, metal salts and ammonium salts are ionic compounds, both of which are electrolytes.

Secondly, strong acids and strong bases are also electrolytes.

Again, an organic compound composed entirely of DAO non-metals, to observe the groups that compose it. hydrophilic, which is an electrolyte; Hydrophobic and non-electrolyte.

Finally, gases are generally non-electrolyte.

Electrolytes are compounds that are capable of conducting electricity in an aqueous solution or in a molten state, such as acids, bases, and salts. Compounds that cannot conduct electricity under the above circumstances are called non-electrolytes, such as sucrose, alcohol, etc.

To determine whether a compound is an electrolyte, it is not only based on whether it conducts electricity in aqueous solution, but also needs to further investigate its crystal structure and the properties of chemical bonds. For example, to determine whether barium sulfate, calcium carbonate, and iron hydroxide are electrolytes. Barium sulfate is poorly soluble in water (solubility in water at 20 is g), the ion concentration in the solution is small, its aqueous solution is not conductive, and appears to be a non-electrolyte.

But the small fraction of barium sulfate dissolved in water is almost completely ionized (20 The degree of ionization of the saturated solution of barium sulfate is Therefore, barium sulfate is an electrolyte. Calcium carbonate and barium sulfate have a similar situation and are also electrolytes. From a structural point of view, for other insoluble salts, as long as they are ionic compounds or strong polar covalent compounds, although they are insoluble, they are also electrolytes.

The case of iron hydroxide is more complicated, the chemical bond between Fe3+ and OH- is covalent, and its solubility is smaller than that of barium sulfate (solubility in water at 20 is g); A small part of the part that falls on water may form colloids, and the rest can also be ionized into ions. But iron hydroxide is also an electrolyte.

To determine whether the oxide is an electrolyte, a specific analysis should also be made. Non-metallic oxides such as SO2, SO3, P2O5, CO2, etc., which are covalent compounds that do not conduct electricity in liquid state, are not electrolytes. Some oxides are not electrolytes even if they conduct electricity in aqueous solutions.

Because these oxides react with water to form new substances that can conduct electricity, what conducts electricity in the solution is not the original oxide, such as SO2 itself cannot be ionized, but it reacts with water to form sulfurous acid, which is the electrolyte. Metal oxides such as Na2O, MGO, CaO, Al2O3, etc., are ionic compounds that are capable of conducting electricity in the molten state and are therefore electrolytes.

It can be seen that electrolytes include ionic or strongly polar covalent compounds; Non-electrolytes include weakly polar or non-polar covalent compounds. The aqueous solution of electrolytes conducts electricity because the electrolyte can be dissociated into ions. As for whether a substance can be ionized in water, it is determined by its structure.

Therefore, the identification of electrolytes from non-electrolytes by the structure of matter is the essence of the problem.

In addition, some substances that can conduct electricity, such as copper and aluminum, are not electrolytes. Because they are not electrically conductive compounds, they are elemental and do not meet the definition of electrolyte.

The formula for judging electrolytes is as follows, 1. Salts, strong alkalis, and strong acids are strong electrolytes. 2. Weak acids and bases are weak electrolytes. 3. Compounds with weakly polar covalent bonds are weak electrolytes. 4. Compounds with ionic bonds and strong polar bonds are strong electrolytes.

Determine the electrolyte formula.

In summary, strong and weak electrolytes can be judged from three aspects: ionization degree, chemical bond, and compound genus, and in addition, the three elements that distinguish strong and weak electrolytes are melting, electrical conductivity, and compounds.

Electrolytes generally refer to compounds that are dissolved in aqueous solution or can conduct electricity in the molten state, and are divided into two categories: strong electrolytes and weak electrolytes according to the degree of ionization, and almost all of them are ionized strong electrolytes.

Strong electrolytes include active metal oxides, sulfuric acid, calcium carbonate, copper sulfate and other substances, weak electrolytes include a small amount of salt, acetic acid, ammonia monohydrate, lead acetate, mercuric chloride and other substances, in addition, water is extremely weak electrolyze.

The method of determining the electrolyte is the compound that can conduct electricity in an aqueous solution or in the molten state, called an electrolyte.

Both electrolytes and non-electrolytes refer to chemical compounds (the premise of judgment) and are pure substances, with the difference that they can conduct electricity in an aqueous solution or in a melted state.

The premise of the conduction of a compound is that the cations and cations ionized by itself are simply rotten rather than the cations ionized after the reaction. Ammonia is not an electrolyte, but it can conduct electricity in water. The reason is that it reacts with water to form ammonia, which is an electrolyte.

Non-electrolyte: Compounds that do not conduct electricity in both aqueous solution and in the molten state are called non-electrolytes. Such as: sucrose, alcohol, etc.

Common Substance Categories:

1. Common electrolytes:

Acids: H2SO4, HCl, HNO3, H2SO3, H2CO3.

Bases: NaOH, NH3·H2O, Ca(OH)2.

Salts: NaCl, Kno3, BaSO4, AGCL.

Metal oxides: Cuo, CaO, MGO, Na2O.

Metal hydrides: NAH, CAH2.

Water: H2O.

2. Common non-electrolytes:

Non-metallic oxides: SO2, SO3, CO2.

Some non-metallic hydrides: NH3, PH3, ASH3.

Most of the organic matter is leaked: sucrose, alcohol, CH4.

1. Electrolytes:

1) Definition: A compound that conducts electricity in an aqueous solution or in a molten state. (2) Range: acids, alkalis, salts, water, active metal oxides. Precautions.

The electrolyte must be a chemical compound. (Must be pure first) Compounds are not necessarily electrolytes.

The electrolyte must be conductive: in aqueous solution or in a molten state. The electrolyte must be a compound capable of ionizing on its own.

2. Non-electrolytes:

Compounds that do not conduct electricity in aqueous solution or in the molten state. (2) Scope: non-metallic oxides (such as: CO2, SO2), some non-metallic hydrides (such as: NH3), most organic compounds (such as alcohol, sucrose), etc

1) Electrolytes, non-electrolytes should be compounds. (First of all, purity) (2) Elemental and mixtures are neither electrolytes nor non-electrolytes.

Classification of electrolytes and non-electrolytes:

Both electrolytes and non-electrolytes are subordinate compounds, and the difference is whether they are conductive or non-conductive in an aqueous solution or in a molten state.

Common electrolytes are: acids, alkalis, salts, active metal oxides, etc.;

Common non-electrolytes are: non-metallic oxides and most organic compounds.