What does starch and hydrogen react to produce? 50

1) Starch is a chain-like molecule formed by the shrinkage and polymerization of glucose, and the general formula is: C6H10O5]N

If hydrolysis, glucose is also generated, and if hydrogenolysis, glucosol is generated (because glucose contains 5 hydroxyl groups and an aldehyde group, hydrolysis turns the only aldehyde group into a hydroxyl group), also known as sorbitol, which is a colorless transparent viscous liquid with a slightly sweet taste.

2) I don't know if you have done this experiment yourself, I have done an experiment of hydrolyzing salt water directly with a battery, and the wire used is iron wire, and the result is that bubbles appear at the negative electrode, and the positive electrode becomes green near it. The results of your experiment I searched on the Internet are accompanied by a diagram, which shows that there are bubbles at the positive electrode, and I suspect that this is not right, because the positive electrode of the battery has strong oxidation, as long as the wire is not a particularly inert material such as stone grinding or platinum, there will be no oxygen coming out, but on the contrary, it will dissolve the metal. In my experiment, the color that turns green near the cathode is because the iron is dissolved and turns into ferrous ions (light green), which then reacts with the dissolved carbon dioxide to form green ferrous carbonate.

So I suspect that something may have gone wrong with this long-standing experiment, which is to reverse the positive and negative electrodes.

Can hydrogen react with starch? High temperatures keep the air out? Or have special enzymes? If so, probably water, some organic acids, and maybe certain hydrocarbons.

When the battery pack is connected, it is not a galvanic cell, but an electrolytic reaction. There should be divalent copper or iron ions formed.

Meaning meaning. If the positive and negative markings of the battery on the e-bike become blurred, you can use a potato to determine the polarity of the battery. How can you tell? Please do a similar experiment first.

Use potatoes to judge the polarity of the battery.

If the positive and negative markings of the battery on the e-bike become blurred, you can use a potato to determine the polarity of the battery. How can you tell? Please do a similar experiment first.

First cut the potatoes in half, then peel off the plastic skins at the front ends of the two wires, scrape off the insulation on the wires, and then insert the wires of the two wires into the potatoes so that the insertion points are 2 3 cm apart. Connect the other end of these two wires to the positive and negative poles of the two battery packs connected in series. After a while, you can see that the wire connected to the negative electrode turns green around the potato socket, as shown in Figure 1 77 3.

In this way, the polarity of a battery with ambiguous electrode markings can be determined.

First cut the potatoes in half, then peel off the plastic skins at the front ends of the two wires, scrape off the insulation on the wires, and then insert the wires of the two wires into the potatoes so that the insertion points are 2 3 cm apart. Connect the other end of these two wires to the positive and negative poles of the two battery packs connected in series. After a while, you can see that the wire connected to the negative electrode turns green around the potato socket, as shown in Figure 1 77 3.

In this way, the polarity of a battery with ambiguous electrode markings can be determined. On the battery pack, it is not a galvanic cell, but an electrolytic reaction. There should be divalent copper or iron ions formed.

The wire can be copper.

The voltage that the battery can provide is small, and the concentration of reactants is small, and the voltage that the battery can provide is less than the electromotive force of the reaction, so although it should be 3+ iron to be reduced, it cannot actually happen.

As for the occurrence of iron energy because iron is solid, the concentration can be regarded as 1, and the electromotive force of the reaction is not very large.

This is a galvanic cell reaction and the potato is equivalent to a medium acid.

A mixture of starch and hydrogen is bound to be produced

Here's how to do it:

1. Hydrogen production by electrolysis of water.

A series electrolyzer (similar to a filter press) with iron as the cathode surface and nickel as the anode surface is mostly used to electrolyze the aqueous solution of caustic potassium or caustic soda. The anode produces oxygen, and the cathode produces hydrogen. This method is costly, but the product purity is large, and hydrogen of the above purity can be directly produced.

This pure hydrogen is often used for: reducing agent, shielding gas and heat treatment of permalloy used in electronics, instruments and meters industry, reducing agent used in the production of tungsten, molybdenum and cemented carbide in powder metallurgy industry, preparation of semiconductor raw materials such as polysilicon and germanium, hydrogenation of grease and grease, cooling gas in dihydrogen internal coolant generators, etc. For example, the Beijing Electron Tube Factory and the Gas Plant of the Academy of Sciences use water electrolysis to produce hydrogen.

2. Water gas method to produce hydrogen.

Anthracite or coke is used as raw material to react with water vapor at high temperature to obtain water gas (C+H2O+H2-heat). After purification, it is then converted into CO2 (CO+H2O, CO2+H2) through the catalyst together with water vapor to obtain a gas with a hydrogen content of more than 80%, and then pressed into water to dissolve CO2, and then remove the residual CO in the ammonic acidic acid (or cuprous aminoacetate) solution to obtain purer hydrogen, the hydrogen production cost of this method is lower, the output is large, and the equipment is more, and this method is used more in the synthetic ammonia plant. Some also synthesize methanol from CO and H2, and in a few places, 80% hydrogen is used as a less pure gas for artificial liquid fuel.

For example, the Beijing Chemical Experimental Plant and many small nitrogen fertilizer factories in many places use this method.

3. Hydrogen production from syngas and natural gas from petroleum hot cracking.

The hydrogen production by-product of petroleum thermal cracking is very large, and it is often used for gasoline hydrogenation, hydrogen required by petrochemical and fertilizer plants, this hydrogen production method is used in many countries in the world, and hydrogen production is used in China's petrochemical bases such as Zaiqing fertilizer plant and petrochemical base of Bohai Oilfield.

It is also used in some places (e.g., Bay, Way and Batan Rougo hydrogen refueling plants in the United States).

4. Coke oven gas refrigeration hydrogen production.

The preliminarily purified coke oven gas is frozen and pressurized to liquefy other gases and leave hydrogen. This method is used in a few places (e.g. the Ke Mepobo factory in the former Soviet Union).

5. Hydrogen by-product of electrolysis of salt water.

In the chlor-alkali industry, there is a large amount of pure hydrogen by-products, which is surplus in addition to the synthesis of hydrochloric acid, and can also be purified to produce ordinary hydrogen or pure hydrogen. For example, the hydrogen used in the second chemical plant is a by-product of electrolysis of brine.

6. By-products of brewing industry.

When using corn to ferment acetone and butanol, there is more than 1 3 hydrogen in the exhaust gas of the fermenter, which can produce ordinary hydrogen (more than 97%) after many times of purification, and the general hydrogen can be further removed by cooling the silica gel tube below -100 with liquid nitrogen to further remove impurities (such as a small amount of N2) to produce pure hydrogen (above), such as Beijing distillery produces this by-product hydrogen, which is used to burn quartz products and for foreign units.

Oxygen production is generally divided into two categories:

1. Oxygen produced in the laboratory:

1) Potassium chlorate preparation: potassium chlorate, potassium chloride, oxygen.

2) Water electrolysis: water, hydrogen, oxygen (condition: electrified).

3) Preparation of potassium permanganate: potassium permanganate, potassium manganate, manganese dioxide, oxygen (condition: heating).

4) Hydrogen peroxide production: hydrogen peroxide, water, oxygen (catalyst: manganese dioxide) [where hydrogen peroxide is the "hydrogen peroxide" referred to upstairs].

2. Industrial production of oxygen:

Air depressurization method: Oxygen is produced using the boiling point of oxygen (freezing point) and the boiling point of hydrogen (freezing point). [Industrially edible and mass-produced].

Precautions for Oxygen Preparation: (refers to laboratory preparation).

Determine the height of the test tube with an alcohol lamp outer flame.

The iron clamp is clamped in the middle and upper part of the tube for easy heating.

The mouth of the test tube should be slightly inclined downward to prevent the wet water from backing up to the bottom of the tube during the reaction, causing the tube to rupture.

The catheter should not be extended too long into the test tube to facilitate the discharge of oxygen and prevent the drug from clogging the catheter.

When using potassium permanganate reactions, a small ball of cotton needs to be placed at the mouth of the test tube to prevent potassium permanganate powder from entering the catheter during heating.

Collection Method: (Refers to laboratory preparation).

a Drainage method--- because oxygen is poorly soluble in water.

b Upward exhaust air method--- because oxygen is slightly denser than air. (The air duct should be extended into the bottom of the bottle to exhaust the air as much as possible).

Filling method: Put the wooden strip with sparks on the mouth of the bottle, if it rekindles, it is full. (refers to laboratory production).

Test method: Stick the wooden strip with sparks into the bottle, if it is rekindled, it proves that it is oxygen. (refers to laboratory production).

Full Placement: The oxygen-filled gas collection bottle should be closed with the mouth of the slide and placed upward. (refers to laboratory production).

Procedure: (Refers to laboratory preparation).

Check --- airtightness of the device.

Fill --- with the medicine and plug it tightly with a rubber stopper with a catheter.

The clamping --- fix the test tube on the iron frame with an iron clamp, and make the nozzle slightly inclined downward, and the drug is spread flat at the bottom of the test tube.

Light --- alcohol lamp, heat the test tube, and exhaust the air in the tube.

Oxygen is collected by draining ---.

Take --- catheter out of the sink.

Extinguish --- alcohol lamp.

Neither hydrogen nor anything can directly produce iron hydroxide.

It takes several reactions to be worth iron hydroxide.

Hypotheses are proposed: under certain conditions, will hydrogen peroxide be generated when hydrogen is burned in the air in addition to water? The reasons for their conjecture.

Literature review: After consulting the data, it was found that the starch solution was blue when it encountered i2; ②h2o2+2ki+h2so4═k2so4+i2+h2o；The hydrogen produced by the reaction of crude zinc and dilute sulfuric acid will contain H2S gas, which is easily absorbed by alkaline solution; At room temperature, H2O2 is not easy to decompose, and the decomposition is accelerated when the temperature increases

Experimental verification: Under the guidance of the teacher, the students in the study group used the four devices A-D as shown in Figure A to assemble a complete set of experimental devices (some fixation devices are omitted), and then conducted experiments to verify their conjectures

1) Device function:

In order to effectively remove the H2S gas mixed in hydrogen, the specific reagent contained in B can be.

The effect of concentrated sulfuric acid in device c is:

Ice" on the one hand provides the reactants of the relevant reactions, and on the other hand reduces the flame temperature, thus reaching.

Fill in the serial number), the reason is.

3) Experimental Procedure:

Prepare "ice with sulfuric acid" in a beaker: your specific method is:

Connecting the instrument device;

Loaded with drugs, a reaction occurs to produce hydrogen;

ignite hydrogen and place a beaker over the flame with a bottom of "ice containing sulfuric acid";

Observe and record experimental phenomena

4) Experimental conclusions:

When observed. phenomenon, it proves that hydrogen is burned in the air to produce hydrogen peroxide

Extension: (1) In order to make the liquid in the beaker flow smoothly into the test tube, the students in the group added a common glass instrument to the test tube.

Fill in the name of the instrument);

2) Some students in the group believed that the formation of hydrogen peroxide may be caused by "ice containing sulfuric acid" in the beaker, so in order to make the conclusion more scientific and rigorous, they used the device to make up an experiment.

Experimental Reflection: Through the above qualitative experiments, you think that the new questions that are still needed** are:

No. Experiments.

What is the difference between practical alkali and starch?

Answer: The role of alkali 1Alkali can remove the sour taste of the dough, and can make the steamed bread puffy and white, but not too much, otherwise the steamed bread will turn yellow or cracked, and the taste will become bitter.

In the process of raising the dough, microorganisms will produce acid, and the dough will become sour after initiation, and alkaline substances must be added to neutralize it in order to make delicious pasta; 2.Soda ash (soda, sodium carbonate Na2CO3) or sodium bicarbonate (baking soda NaHCO3) can neutralize the organic acids or sulfides adhered to dark green vegetables due to excessive spraying of pesticides, so as to preserve the original color of vegetables and remove the pollution of pesticides to vegetables; 3.Soda ash has a strong degreasing effect, which can remove excess oil from the raw materials of dry oil; Alkali can remove the hala smell in the oil, by waiting until the grease with the hala smell is heated to the hot hand, add a certain amount of soda ash water, and slowly stir it with chopsticks; 4.

Soda ash can release niacin that is not easy to release in corn, so that people who eat corn for a long time will not suffer from leprosy due to the lack of niacin in corn; 5.The disadvantage of soda ash is that it has a strong destructive effect on vitamins B1, B2 and vitamin C in food, and will affect the absorption and utilization of certain minerals by the human body, so it should not be abused. 6.

Therapeutic effect of alkali: alkaline heat, bitter taste; It has the functions of removing dampness and heat, dissolving food stagnation, detoxifying and making acid. The role of starch 1. Starch is used as a cooking auxiliary material and has irreplaceable effects in cooking.

In general, there are three ways to use starch in Chinese cooking, which are paste, sizing and thickening. Hanging paste is to add dry starch to the raw materials before putting them in the pot; Sizing is to add water starch to the raw materials before putting them in the pot; Thickening is the addition of water starch before the pot to thicken the soup of the dish. 2. Starch can be used for winemaking.

It is used as a diluent (or filler) to fill the weight or volume of a tablet to facilitate formulation molding and dispensing, thus facilitating tablet compression. 3. Starch is used as a pharmaceutical binder, and some drug powders themselves are not viscous or have little viscosity, and viscous substances such as starch slurry need to be added to make them bond. 4. Starch is used as a pharmaceutical disintegrant, so that the tablet is broken into many fine particles from a whole flake to realize the disintegration of the tablet, so it is very conducive to the dissolution and absorption of the main drug in the tablet.

5. Starch is used as dextrin, which can be used to prepare adhesives for various liquids or solids. 6. Starch can produce hydrogen under the action of enzymes. The hydrogen-powered vehicles of the future will be fueled by easy-to-store carbohydrates such as starch, which will be decomposed by special enzymes to produce hydrogen, which will generate electricity through fuel cells to drive the car forward.