It s the same glass, why do some glass look blue and some look transparent?

This is due to the fact that the composition of the glass is different, some contain more iron and some contain more lithium (this is my nonsense).

After research, it was found that if a colorant is added to the ingredients of ordinary glass, it can give the glass a color. Colorants are mostly oxides of metals. As we already know, each metal element has its own unique "spectral signature", so different metal oxides can exhibit different colors.

If these oxides are added to the glass ingredients, the glass is colored. For example, chromium oxide is added.

CR2O3), the glass is now green; Add manganese dioxide.

mno2), the glass is purple; With the addition of cobalt oxide (CO2O3), the glass is blue, and the protective eyepieces used by steelmakers and welders are made of this glass.

In fact, the color of the glass not only depends on the colorant added, but also the valency of the elements is adjusted by the melting temperature and the nature of the furnace flame.

Makes the glass appear in a different color. For example, copper in glass, if the copper oxide of **.

When present, the glass appears blue-green; Cuprous oxide at a low price.

Cu2O) in the presence of the glass in red. Sometimes, it is not enough to make the glass look good after one burning, and it is necessary to heat it a second time to make the glass show its color. This is the case with the precious gold-red glass, which is made by adding trace amounts of gold to ordinary glass ingredients.

After a single melting, the gold is distributed in the glass in the form of atoms, and the glass does not show color at this time; When heated again to a temperature close to softening, the gold atoms in it coalesce into gelatinous particles, at which point the glass takes on a beautiful red color.

Now, people are using rare earth elements again.

The oxides are used as colorants to make a variety of high-grade colored glasses. Colored glass mixed with rare earth elements has a bright and bright color, and even changes color under different lights. This property is found in neodymium oxide glass, for example, which is beautiful in sunlight and purple-red in sunlight and blue-purple in fluorescence.

There is a type of glass that changes color with the intensity of light, and people use it as lenses for glasses and window glass for houses. With this kind of glass as window glass, the room can maintain a certain brightness, and there is no need to use curtains to shade the sun, so some people call it "automatic curtains".It also blocks ultraviolet rays from the sun.

By installing this glass in library rooms and museums, books and artifacts can be protected from ultraviolet light.

Depending on the light, it is also possible that different elements are added to the glass when firing, and the color of the firing is different.

Depending on the light, the intensity of the light on a cloudy day will be different.

When we put on our glasses and look at the glass window with a magnifying glass, we don't see any structural features of the glass, only something else outside the window.

So, why is glass transparent?

Glass is an aggregate of many silicas, and silicon and oxygen are extremely abundant in the earth's crust. Fundamentally, glass is transparent because light can pass through the substance, the molecular atoms contained in the substance, without hindrance.

An atom is composed of a nucleus and electrons, the nucleus is actually quite small, assuming that an atom is the size of a sports field, then the nucleus is only equivalent to a pea in the field, and the electrons revolving around it are even smaller. So logically speaking, the vast majority of photons can pass through any atom without obstacles, including the clothes that make up us, our tables, etc., according to this theory, why are clothes not transparent - why are tables not transparent?

Atomic physics teaches us that when an electron revolves around the nucleus, its orbit & energy level should also be considered, that is, when the electron is in a high-energy state, it is in an orbit farther away from the nucleus, and vice versa, it is in a closer orbit. Jumping between orbitals requires the emitting or absorbing of photons of the required energy, and a little more or less is not absorbed by the electrons.

To put it simply, the electrons in the atoms that make up most of the various objects that we can see with the naked eye, such as clothes and tables, can absorb passing photons, that is, produce a phenomenon of opacity, while the silicon atoms in silica do not absorb passing photons, so the glass is transparent.

It is worth pointing out that the energy of ultraviolet light is exactly the energy required for the electron transition in the silicon atom, so the sunlight after passing through the glass will not tan our **.

Because glass does not have free electrons like metal, it does not shield reflected photons.

Light is a type of electromagnetic wave, which is an electromagnetic wave with a wavelength between 390 nm and 750 nm.

Ordinary optical glass is formed by melting silica and other compounds together, forming a continuous network structure when melted, and the viscosity gradually increases and hardens during cooling. Glass is obtained by ultra-rapid cooling, which is solid macroscopically but liquid microscopically.

The main ingredient of glass is quartz sand, and its manufacturing process is a crystalline formed by quartz sand with its chemical raw materials being eroded at high temperature (1300 degrees Celsius) after firing, which has hard, anti-wear, high light transmittance and anti-corrosion characteristics, and its wide range of uses has a long history.

At present, the technology of manufacturing bridge width glass is advancing rapidly, and its use is increasing day by day, from clocks and watches, utensils, doors and windows, lighting to high-tech such as electronic components and space technology.

The most common thing we come into contact with on a daily basis is flat glass, which is thick for doors and windows, and thin for watches and medical laboratory purposes, and is manufactured by using horizontal or traction methods (also known as float methods) and vertical traction methods in the glass slurry in the melting furnace. The thickness of the flat glass is mainly determined by the speed of traction, the faster the traction speed, the thinner the thickness of the thickness of the plate glass.

Although ordinary flat glass looks bright and transparent from the front, it is slightly cyan from the near edge of the side, because the color of the glass depends on the purity and iron content of quartz sand, the main raw material for making glass.

Generally, the thin glass used in the watch industry is of higher quality, but the value is more expensive, and the main difference is that the quartz sand used is a better raw material and has a very low iron content (generally less than 3 parts per 10,000).