When chronic nephritis progresses to kidney failure, it can be seen in a urine test

Nephritis Most urine has cellular components, including red blood cells, proteins.

Kidney failure is the kidney function is not good, the main blood check to see the blood creatinine is increased, generally the urine will be less and less, until the kidney failure develops to the uremia stage, basically the kidney's ability to urinate and detoxify is gone, and the urine components will be very few;

But for some diseases, such as diabetic nephropathy, lupus nephropathy, etc., urine tests can have protein.

Therefore, when there is kidney failure, there is no need to check urine, just pay attention to the urine output, and check the blood to see kidney function, liver function, and blood routine is what needs to be paid attention to. Liver function can be seen whether albumin is low or not low (reflecting nutritional status, loss of protein in the urine), and blood routine to see if there is anemia.

I've talked a lot, I don't know if I understand?

All eleven organs depend on the gall (from the "Yellow Emperor's Neijing Su Wen"), and its root is in the gall. The kidneys are not good, I think it is the abnormal excretion of the liver and gallbladder, which causes the bile to descend (bile ascending causes bile reflux gastritis; Ascending again causes chronic pharyngitis or bitter mouth symptoms; Cholestasis in the liver causes liver diseases, or causes hepatobiliary stones, etc.; Bile overflow causes yellow stool, yellow skin, etc.), into the kidneys, and most of the human organs are composed of fat and cholesterol, once the bile is retained in the kidneys, it will lead to bile damage and erosion of the kidneys, so kidney disease will occur, a very important feature is yellow stool, kidney disease is not cured for a long time is also because the gallbladder inflammation that causes its root is not known, in addition, most patients with kidney diseases are accompanied by gastrointestinal and other diseases, and the kidney must be treated first. Recommendations:

Do a B ultrasound examination, cholecystitis can be boiled in soup with Rong vegetables, and brown sugar must be added when using. Note: Don't stay up late at night, eat less watermelon, bananas, pears and cold drinks and other raw and cold things, and eat less high-cholesterol foods such as egg yolks and animal offal.

Three points of rule, seven points of nourishment, usually pay attention to the adjustment of diet and living habits. If it is accompanied by edema, you can boil black beans at the same time and drink it to reduce the swelling.

Answer] :d acute renal failure, oliguric phase is prone to hyperkalemia; Acute renal failure and polyuria are prone to hypokalemia. In functional acute renal failure, urine sodium may decrease and urine specific gravity may increase; May occur in non-oliguric acute renal failure:

decreased urine sodium, decreased urine specific gravity; In chronic renal failure, the urine sodium may increase and the urine specific gravity decreases.

Answer]: c, d

When the prerenal arguing ulnar is caused by the failure of the nephro, the urine is concentrated, the urine specific gravity and osmolality are increased, the urine specific gravity is common, the urine osmolality is 500mmol L, and the transparent casts can be seen under the microscope. AB is a manifestation of renal renal failure. See Table 6-2 of the 7th edition of Surgery P54.

a.Decreased endogenous creatinine clearance (correct answer).

b.Elevated serum creatinine concentration.

c.Blood urea nitrogen extremity concentrations are elevated.

d.Serum clear ph drops.

e.Blood uric acid is elevated.

Answer]: The specific gravity of the urine is fixed, and Li Yuchang is on the right side of the left Chunyan, which is called isotonic urine disturbance macro, which is seen in severe damage to the renal parenchyma. Diagnostic criteria for severe renal parenchymal injury.

Answer]: In acute and chronic renal failure, there are renal function damage and urine composition changes of different degrees of deficiency, but the kidneys are enlarged in acute renal failure and shrink in chronic renal failure, so the kidney can be observed by renal ultrasound for identification.

Slow-performing leaky renal failure is generally not present (and with skin) aHyponatremia.

b.Hyperkalemia.

c.Hypokalemia.

d.Hypercalcemia.

e.Hypernatremia.

Correct answer: d

Answer] :d manifestations of oliguria in acute renal failure are: low calcium, low sodium, low chloride, high magnesium, high phosphorus, high potassium, etc.

Answer]: Characteristics of chronic exhaustion urine: In general, patients will show signs of decreased urine output and increased urine specific gravity.

Chronic renal failure is caused by a variety of causes of chronic progressive renal parenchymal erosion, and most of the causes of chronic renal failure are caused by glomerulonephritis, chronic pyelonephritis, secondary glomerulonephritis and other diseases.