What are the characteristics of the writing of the Romance of the Three Kingdoms and the Romance of

The Romance of the Three Kingdoms is mainly written about things, and the Romance of the Three Kingdoms is written by people, such as: Liu Bei's biography... It's about writing about this person (the whole biography is about him, it's all about him) and the Romance of the Three Kingdoms.

It is more casual and matter-oriented.

The Romance of the Three Kingdoms is similar to the Chronicles.

The Romance of the Three Kingdoms is similar to a chronicle.

It was the middle of winter, the weather was bitterly cold and cloudy. Walking countless miles, suddenly the wind is cold, and the snow is falling; The mountains are like jade clusters, and the forests are like silver makeup. Zhang Fei said:

The weather is cold and the ground is freezing, and there is no need for soldiers, so it is not advisable for people who have a visionary vision that is useless! It's better to go back to Shinno to avoid the wind and snow. Xuande said:

I want Kong Ming to know what I mean. If your younger brother is afraid of the cold, you can go back first. Fei said:

Don't be afraid of death, don't you be afraid of cold! But I'm afraid that my brother will be empty. Xuande said:

Don't say much, just go with each other. ”

1) This text is selected from the classical masterpiece "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" in China, and the author is .

2) The story of "Three Visits to the Thatched House" is recorded in the historical book "Three Kingdoms" with only five words: "Where there are three goes, it is seen." In "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", the author wrote thousands of words freely. Tell us why there is such a difference.

3) What are the distinguishing features of the excerpts?

2008 Gansu Jinchang City High School Examination Questions).

Answer: (1) Luo Guanzhong (2) "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" is **, which aims to portray characters, and the author is through the portrayal of details to show Liu Bei's corporal Lixian; The Romance of the Three Kingdoms is a history book that focuses on narrating historical events. (3) The dialogue description is vivid and expressive, which can express the character of the character; In the contrast, Liu Bei's corporal Lixian is reproduced; The description of the scenery is not only poetic and picturesque, but also highlights the severe cold weather and sets off the characters.

Perspective: There are three sub-questions in this introductory reading question of literary masterpieces. The test question carrier comes from a fragment before the departure of the "Second Visit" in the thirty-seventh chapter of the classic literary masterpiece "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", "Sima Hui Recommends Famous Scholars Again, Liu Xuande Visits the Grass House Three Times".

The first question is a fill-in-the-blank question, fill in the author of "Romance of the Three Kingdoms"; The second question is a short-answer question, which requires candidates to point out the difference in narrative methods from the perspective of history books and ** on the historical event of "Three Visits to Thatched House"; The third question is a question and answer question, which requires candidates to analyze the writing characteristics of the selected passages. To answer this question, first, we must know the author of "Romance of the Three Kingdoms"; Second, we must understand the difference between historical books and narrative methods; Thirdly, it is necessary to analyze the characteristics of the selected texts from three aspects: character dialogue, comparative description and scene description.

"Romance of the Three Kingdoms" and"Romance of the Three Kingdoms".The depiction of Guan Yu is different as follows:

1. Appearance. In "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", Guan Yu's appearance is described as: nine feet long, two feet long; The face is like a heavy jujube, and the lips are greased; Danfeng eyes.

Lying silkworm eyebrows, dignified appearance, majestic. The description of "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" is Yumi's beard. Then the appearance may be real.

2. Weapons. The weapon used by Guan Yu in the Romance of the Three Kingdoms is the Qinglong Knife. There is no detailed description of Guan Yu's weapons in the Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms, but there is a sentence in the text:

Judging from this sentence, Guan Yu's weapon may not be the Qinglong Knife, because if it is a knife, it should not be a stab.

3. Origin. "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" describes Guan Yu's origin: because of his power, he was killed by me, fled to the rivers and lakes, and lasted for five or six years. I heard that the army and thieves were recruited here, and I came to apply. And "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" is to run Zhuo County with his life.

to describe. There are still differences between these two descriptions, the former can highlight Guan Yu's integrity and greatly improve our impression of Guan Yu. The latter only depicts Guan Yu fleeing, and cannot highlight Guan Yu's sense of justice.

In general, because "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" is a **, it must have distinct and prominent character characteristics, and "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" can make the plot fascinating, through exaggeration, imagination, and detailed description.

and a series of artistic techniques.

It can make the ** change or bridge look good, which is impressive.

The ending of Guan Yu in history:

In the Three Kingdoms, Guan Yu lost Jingzhou because of carelessness, which led to a series of defeats, and finally served the Wu army on the way to Maicheng.

captured, a generation of gods of war fell.

After weighing the pros and cons, Sun Quan.

Reached an agreement with Cao Cao, attacked Jingzhou, and killed Guan Yu. In fact, in terms of the strategy of the Three Kingdoms, as Cao Cao, the most powerful in the north, the two forces of Wu and Shu have always been jointly resisted, but Sun Quan's behavior is equivalent to seizing Jingzhou and directly tearing up the peace agreement, which surprised Guan Yu and gave him a surprise blow.

The earliest surviving publication is the "Popular Romance of the Three Kingdoms" engraved in the first year of Jiajing Renren of the Ming Dynasty (1522). The book has 24 volumes, 240 articles, and each article is preceded by a subheading of seven words and one sentence. The frontispiece has the "Preface" of Hongzhi Jiayin (1494) Yong Yuzi (Jiang Daqi) and the "Introduction" of Jiajing Renwu Xiu Beard (Zhang Shangde).

Most of the new editions in the future came out from here, but they were only illustrated, interpreted, and verified. Some adjustments have been made to the number of comments, volumes, reviews, and individual texts.

As for "Mr. Li Zhuowu's Criticism of the Three Kingdoms", the 240 chapters were combined into 120 times, and the review was changed from a single sentence to a double sentence.

In recent years, scholars have paid attention to the fact that many of the books in the periodicals from Jiajing to Tianqi are titled "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" rather than "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", such as "The Legend of the Three Kingdoms in New Engraved Holograms", "The Legend of the Three Kingdoms Criticized by the Whole Phase", etc. The difference between this kind of "Zhichuan" system and the "Romance" system version, in addition to some differences in plot and text, is mainly that the "Three Kingdoms" of the "Zhichuan" system is interspersed with the story of Guan Yu's second son Guan Suo (or Hua Guan Suo)'s life. There are different views in the academic circles about which of these two systems is the first and which is the last, and who is close to Luo Guanzhong's original.

Some scholars have also carefully compared the various texts and believe that the "Jiajing Edition" and the "Three Kingdoms Chronicles" are manuscripts from the same source, and the differences between the two systems are only produced in the process of copying.

During the Kangxi reign of the Qing Dynasty, Mao Lun and Mao Zonggang father and son made major revisions, additions and deletions to the Huimu and the text based on Li Zhuowu's commentary, with reference to the "Three Kingdoms Biography", and made detailed comments. Mao's "Three Kingdoms", the orthodox moral color is stronger, but there is a great improvement in art, and its commentary text also has many refined insights, so it became the most popular book later. Recently, it is often referred to as "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", and it is gradually confused with "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", and even replaces the most representative title of the book in the history of literature, "Romance of the Three Kingdoms".

"Romance of the Three Kingdoms" is China's first full-length historical romance**, which mainly depicts war and reflects Wu. Sichuan. The political and military struggle between the three political blocs of Wei.

It is divided into five parts: the Yellow Turban Rebellion, Dong Zhuo's Rebellion, the Heroes Competing for the Deer, the Three Kingdoms, and the Three Kingdoms Returning to Jin. On the vast background, scenes of majestic war were staged. The editor, Luo Guanzhong, integrated the 36 strategies of the art of war between the lines, with both the plot and the strategy of the art of war.

The Romance of the Three Kingdoms reflects a wealth of historical content, with character names, geographical names, and major events basically the same as those of the Three Kingdoms. The character is also based on the fixed image left by "Three Kingdoms", and it is replayed, exaggerated, beautified, ugly, etc., which is also the routine of historical romance. On the one hand, "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" reflects the real history of the Three Kingdoms and takes care of the needs of readers who want to understand the real history; On the other hand, according to the actual situation of the Ming Dynasty society, the characters of the Three Kingdoms were exaggerated, beautified, and scandalized.

The Romance of the Three Kingdoms is one of the four classical Chinese masterpieces, and its full name is "The Popular Romance of the Three Kingdoms". The author is Luo Guanzhong, a family in the late Yuan Dynasty and early Ming Dynasty, and is China's first long chapter of Huiti Historical Romance. It describes the historical situation of nearly 105 years from the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty to the early years of the Western Jin Dynasty.

The book reflects the political and military struggles of the Three Kingdoms era, reflects the transformation of various social struggles and contradictions in the Three Kingdoms era, summarizes the historical changes of this era, and shapes a group of heroes of the Three Kingdoms.

Since the Ming Dynasty Luo Guanzhong Romance of the Three Kingdoms came out, it has been widely circulated, and all kinds of patterns have emerged in endlessly, there are more than 20 kinds of engravings in the Ming Dynasty, and there are more than 70 kinds of engravings in the Qing Dynasty. It can be said that the number of versions of "Three Kingdoms" is unparalleled in ancient times. This probably has something to do with the historical background at that time.

From the perspective of form, the versions of the Romance of the Three Kingdoms are roughly divided into three types.

1."Popular Romance of the Three Kingdoms";

2."Romance of the Three Kingdoms" ;

3.Mao Zonggang and his son commented on the revised version of "Romance of the Three Kingdoms".

The process of writing the book.

The story of the Three Kingdoms was quite popular among ancient Chinese folk; In the Song and Yuan dynasties, it was put on the stage, and more than 30 kinds of Three Kingdoms repertoire were performed by Jin and Yuan. In the Yuan Dynasty, the "Quanxiang Three Kingdoms Zhiping Words" published by Xin'an Yu appeared. At the end of the Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, Luo Guanzhong synthesized folklore and opera, script, combined with the historical materials of Chen Shou's "Three Kingdoms" and Pei Songzhi's note, according to his personal understanding of social life, created the "Popular Romance of the Three Kingdoms", the earliest extant publication was engraved by Jiajing in the Ming Dynasty, commonly known as "Jiajing Ben", this book has a total of 24 volumes, 10 articles per volume, a total of 240 articles.

During the Kangxi reign of the Qing Dynasty, Mao Lun and Mao Zonggang father and son identified historical events, added and deleted texts, and added comments, and revised them into the 120 copies of "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" that are popular today.

Version Rheology Route:

The earliest surviving publication is the "Popular Romance of the Three Kingdoms" 24 volumes and 240 articles engraved in the year of Jiajing Renwu of the Ming Dynasty, each with a small item of seven words and one sentence.

Wanli's "New Journal, Criticism of the Three Kingdoms according to Jianquanxiang", 20 volumes, 240 articles.

During the Wanli period, Wu Guanming's magazine "Mr. Li Zhuowu Criticizes the Three Kingdoms" 240 times were merged into 120 times, and the review changed from a single sentence to an even sentence.

During the Kangxi reign of the Qing Dynasty, Mao Lun and Mao Zonggang father and son based on Li Zhuowu's commentary, referred to the "Three Kingdoms" version, made great revisions to the Huimu and the text, and made detailed comments, Mao's "Three Kingdoms" is later "Romance of the Three Kingdoms". [3]

Differences or differences:

1) The genre of the two works is different. "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" is a documentary history book, focusing on facts; "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" is apocryphal, focusing on character interpretation.

2) The author and the time and background of the creation are different. Chen Shou, the author of "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", was a historian of the Western Jin Dynasty and belonged to the government; Luo Guanzhong, the author of "The Romance of the Forest Country of Sanpi Ji", was a famous ** family in the late Yuan Dynasty and early Ming Dynasty, and belonged to the folk.

3) The basis for reference is different. Chen Shou collected a large amount of historical materials through official channels to compile the "Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms", while Luo Guanzhong recreated the "Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms" on the basis of folklore.

4) Different political tendencies, which is also the biggest difference between the two. "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" is described with Cao Wei as the orthodoxy, and "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" is interpreted with Shu Han as the orthodoxy.

5) Reading or using the point of view. From the literary aspect, "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" is good-looking and readable; From the perspective of wanting to understand historical facts, "Three Kingdoms" is worth referencing, but both of these masterpieces have the author's own political tendencies, and we must pay attention to it and look at it critically, and it is not absolute in black and white.