What are the joints that the human body can move?

Mandibular joint, wrist metacarpal joint, palmoplantar joint, knee joint, wrist joint, elbow joint, shoulder joint, ankle joint, atlantoaxial joint, radial carpal joint, hip joint.

Flexion and extension: is the movement of the joint around the coronal axis. The angle between the two bones becomes smaller for flexion, and vice versa.

2) Adduction and abduction: It is the movement of the joint around the sagittal axis, and the close proximity of the limb bones to the median sagittal plane is called adduction, and the distance away is called abduction. The movement of the fingers and toes is divided into two parts, with the middle finger and the second toe as the central axis, moving closer to them is adduction, and moving away is abduction.

3) Internal and external pronation: It is the movement of the joint around the vertical axis, when moving, the front of the bone turns medial for pronation, and turns outward for pronation. In the forearm, rotate the palm inward for supination and outward for supination.

4) The proximal segment of the cricosal bone rotates in the original ante position, and the distal end moves in a circular motion. It is a sequential movement of flexion, abduction, extension, and adduction.

The joints that the human body can move are roughly as follows:

Craniopause: Mandibular joint (mandibular joint).

Vertebral joints: vertebral joints, facet joints, atlanto-occipital joints, atlantoaxial joints, thoracic joints: costovertebral joints include costocephal joints, costotransverse process joints.

Upper limb bone joints: sternoclavicular joints, acromioclavicular joints, shoulder joints, elbow joints, proximal radiula joints, distal radiula joints, hand joints (including radial carpal joints, carpal interosseous joints, mid-bowl joints, metacarpophemaral joints, metacarpophalangeal joints, metacarpophalangeal joints, interphalangeal joints).

Lower limb bone joints: symphysis pubis joints, sacroiliac joints, hip joints, knee joints, foot joints (including talar calf joints are ankle joints, intertarsal joints, tarsometatarsal joints, metatarsal joints, metatarsophalangeal joints, intertophalangeal joints).

There are joints in all parts of the body that can bend freely, shoulders, legs, waist, fingers, neck...

Between the bones, there is a special device called a joint, which connects two or more bones to each other and enables people to move freely, so that their movements are coordinated and graceful. Due to the different tasks of the joints in different parts of the human body, the shape of the joints is not the same, and the size of the activity is also different. According to the different connecting tissues between the two bones, joints are generally divided into three types.

1) Fibrous joints, also known as immobile joints, are connected by dense fibrous connective tissue between the two bones and have no mobile function. For example, the skull is composed of 8 flat bones, the edges are like serrations, interlaced, chimerated, separated by periosteum, connected into a whole piece, and cannot move at all; If the tooth is embedded in the alveolar, it also falls into this category.

2) Cartilage joints are also known as micro-articulation joints. The joints are connected by cartilage tissue, and these joints have only partial movement. For example, the spine composed of vertebrae, between the two vertebrae, there is a ring-shaped cartilage, and then a kind of elastic "rope" - ligaments tie them together, so that our head, neck, chest, and waist can bend and rotate back and forth, left and right, but the range of motion between the articular surfaces is small.

3) Synovial joints are also called movable joints. These joints have no discs or only cartilage plates that fill in the irregularities in the articular surface and control the flow of synovial fluid. It has a pronounced joint cavity with a synovial membrane in the wall of the cavity and synovial fluid as a lubricant for the joint.

These joints have a large range of motion. This type of joint includes the joints of the limbs and most joints in the human body. These synovial joints are the most common sites for arthritis.

Human joints can be roughly divided into eight types: flexion joints (such as interphalangeal joints of the hand), snail-like joints (such as ankle joints), axle joints (such as proximal radial-ulnar joints), elliptical joints (such as radial-wrist joints and occipital atlantal joints), saddle joints (such as the wrist-metacarpal joint on the thumb side), ball-and-socket joints (such as shoulder joints), clubbed joints (such as hip joints), and planar joints (such as joints between tarsal bones).

Interphalangeal joints. Ankle and radial carpal joints.

Metacarpal joint. Shoulder, hip.

.Hips, knees, toes, elbows, wrists, shoulders, knuckles.

Our bones are connected by joints, without which we can only lie motionless, unable to walk, unable to lift our hands, unable to shake our heads or move our fingers. There are 4 types of joints in the human body, one is globular, like the joint of the shoulder, our arms can swing back and forth, all rely on the shoulder joint to function. The largest bulbous joint is the hip joint, which connects the lower limbs to the hip bones.

One is oval, like the lumbar joint, which can only move back and forth or left and right. There is also a type of joint that can only move back and forth like a door, and the joints of the fingers are like this. The last one is the rotary joint, we have a rotating joint at the bottom of the skull, so the head can rotate back and forth, and there are also rotating joints at the wrist, and when we use the key to unlock the lock, the hand can rotate and the rotary joint is also working.

At present, the ** of osteoarthritis is not fully understood. Some patients may have a genetic relationship.

According to endocrine experts, common arthritis is rheumatoid arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, gouty arthritis, etc. The causes of the first two are the feeling of wind and cold, and the living and working environment is a humid environment. In osteoarthritis, the first is the wear and tear of the joints caused by overuse of the joints. In recent years, with the improvement of living standards, the incidence of gouty arthritis in Guangzhou has also increased due to the eating habits of meat and fish.

The doctor explained that animal internal organs are rich in purines, and its final metabolite is uric acid, which is easily deposited in joints, ear wheels, kidneys and other organs when the concentration of uric acid in the blood reaches supersaturation. The big toe is the most common damaged organ.

Joints are the mobile parts of human beings!! If the joints are rusty, people will be scrapped!!

Regular exercise of joints can rejuvenate people!!

Joints are generally composed of three parts: articular surface, joint capsule and joint cavity. The articular surface is the contact surface of two adjacent bones, one of which is slightly convex or spherical, called the articular head; The other is slightly concave and is called the socket. The articular surface is covered with a smooth layer of articular cartilage that softens the impact during movement.

The joint capsule is made up of connective tissue that attaches around the articular surface and encloses the entire joint. The inner layer of the joint capsule is the synovial layer, which can secrete synovial fluid and reduce friction; The outer layer is a fibrous layer, which is thick and tough. There are ligaments outside the capsule that strengthen the stability of the joint.

The articular cavity is a narrow, sealed cavity between two articular surfaces within the joint capsule, which contains a small amount of synovial fluid.

There are four main forms of movement of joints:

1) Rotational motion: The bone rotates around the vertical axis or its own longitudinal axis.

2) Circular movement: A certain part of the body is a circular motion centered on a certain joint.

3) Flexion and extension movements constitute the two bones of the joint, and the decrease of the angle is called flexion, and the increase of the angle is called extension.

4) Adduction and abduction movements: The limb moving closer to the trunk is called adduction, and the limb leaving the trunk is called abduction.