What is the formation of static electricity and how is it formed

Matter is made up of molecules, and molecules are made up of atoms, which are made up of negatively charged electrons and positively charged protons. Under normal conditions, the number of protons and the number of electrons of an atom are the same, and they are in equilibrium, so they are not charged externally. However, the electrons surround the nucleus, and as soon as they are separated from their orbits by external force, they leave the original atom and invade other atoms B, a atom is positively charged due to the lack of electron number, which is called cation, and B atom is negatively charged due to the increase in the number of electrons, which is called anion.

The cause of the unbalanced electron distribution is that the electrons are deorbited by an external force, which includes various energies (such as kinetic energy, potential energy, thermal energy, chemical energy, ......etc.).In daily life, static electricity can be generated when two objects of different materials come into contact and then separate.

Any matter is made up of atoms, and the basic structure of atoms is protons, neutrons, and electrons. Scientists define protons as positively charged, neutrons are uncharged, and electrons are negatively charged. Under normal conditions, the number of protons and electrons of an atom is the same, and the positive and negative charges are balanced, so it exhibits an uncharged phenomenon externally.

But due to external actions such as friction or various energies such as kinetic energy, potential energy, thermal energy, chemical energy, etc.? The formal action causes an imbalance in the positive and negative charges of the atoms. This creates static electricity.

Static electricity is formed by the redistribution of charges caused by friction or by the redistribution of charges due to the mutual attraction of charges.

In general, the positive charge of the nucleus is equal to the negative charge of the electron, and the positive and negative are balanced, and there is no obvious electrical activity. But if the electrons are deorbited by an external force, resulting in an unbalanced electron distribution, when two different objects touch each other and rub against each other, the electrons of one object are transferred to the other and become positively charged because of the lack of electrons, while the other body gets some remaining electrons and becomes negatively charged, and the object is electrostatic.

Static electricity is a kind of electric charge that is in a stationary state or a non-flowing charge (a flowing charge forms an electric current). Static electricity is formed when the charge is gathered on an object or surface, and the charge is divided into two types: positive charge and negative charge, that is to say, the phenomenon of static electricity is also divided into two types, namely positive static electricity and negative static electricity.

Static electricity is formed by the redistribution of charges caused by friction, and there are also forms of redistribution of charges due to the mutual attraction of charges. In general, the positive charge of the nucleus is equal to the negative charge of the electron, and the positive and negative are balanced, so it is not electrically visible.

However, if the electrons are deorbited by an external force, resulting in an unbalanced electron distribution, for example, triboelectric is essentially a process that causes an imbalance of positive and negative charges. When two different objects touch each other and rub against each other, the electrons of one object are transferred to the other and become positively charged because of the lack of electrons, while the other body gets some remaining electrons and the object is negatively charged, and the object is electrostatic.

Hazards caused by electrostatic discharge (ESD):

1) Cause malfunction or malfunction of electronic equipment, resulting in electromagnetic interference.

2) Break down integrated circuits and delicate electronic components, or promote the aging of components, reducing the production yield.

3) High-voltage electrostatic discharge causes electric shock, endangering personal safety.

4) It is very easy to cause fire in the production place of many flammable and explosive products or dust and oil mist.

Static electricity is caused by friction.

Static electricity is generated by the fact that the nucleus of the atom does not attract enough electrons to the outer shell, so that it loses electrons under the action of friction or other factors, thus causing the friction to have a negative charge (that is, the negative charge of the electrons gained, and the positive charge of the electrons lost).

In the case of good insulation properties of frictions, these charges cannot be lost and will accumulate. In addition, the capacitance of the insulator is extremely poor, resulting in a situation where the charge is not large but the voltage is high.

The principle of static electricity

We will find that when it has just rained and the air is humid, static electricity is almost non-existent, and when the weather is dry, static electricity can easily be generated. That's because when the weather is wet, the surface of the object contains more water, and water is a good conductor, and the charge cannot be accumulated, so there is no static electricity. And when the weather is dry, the moisture on the surface of the object evaporates, and the object is in a dry state, so that after friction, static electricity will be generated.

The generation of static electricity is also very related to the clothes we wear, now most of the clothes are chemical fiber spine products, and this material in the friction of each other to produce static electricity and conduct to the human body, so that the human body has an electric charge, resulting in the generation of static electricity Sakura sock bridge. Including the long-term friction between our shoes and the ground will also produce electric charges, which will be conducted to the human body, so that the human body will have static electricity.