After the economic crisis, an economics book that became popular in Europe

Solution: (1) Average yield function ap(l)=tp(l) l=35+8l-l

Marginal yield function mp(l)=dtp(l) dl=35+16l-3l

2) Short-term production.

The intervals are shown in the attached figure

As can be seen from the figure, the value of the left end of the reasonable interval is the abscissa of the intersection of the average yield curve and the marginal yield curve, and the value of the right end is the abscissa of the intersection of the marginal yield curve and the horizontal axis, so the following equation is listed:

35+8L-L =35+16L-3L, the solution is l=4, l=0 (rounded), that is, the value of the left endpoint is l=4

35+16l-3l =0, solve l=7, l=-5 3 (rounded), that is, the value of the right endpoint is l=7

In summary, the reasonable interval for short-term production is (4,7), and if the quantity of production factors used by the enterprise is l=6, it belongs to the reasonable range. Figures.

Economic imperialism is wrong to mean that the analysis of economics is limited to the study of the field of economics.

Economic imperialism refers to the use of economic ideas and analytical methods to study and explain the problems studied by other social sciences, and there are three main analytical methods in economics, namely cost-benefit analysis method, equilibrium analysis method and marginal analysis method. Imperialism analyzes problems from a unique perspective, often yielding unexpected and innovative explanations.

In the 70s of the 20th century, the economist Becker published the book "Economic Analysis of Human Behavior", which tried to explain some non-economic problems (such as crime, family, education, etc.) by using the basic methods and concepts of microeconomics, such as rational and clever choice, profit-maximizing behavior, exchange, etc., and achieved unexpectedly good results.

This success not only indicates the possibility of many traditionally "non-economics" fields of study being included in the scope of economics research, but also means that at a higher level, economists are challenging the old division of disciplines.

It is also in this sense that Becker's book is seen as the strongest voice of "economic imperialism" and a clarion call for economists to "invade" other fields of social science. To put it simply, economics has invaded the things explained by psychology, political science, management, law, and other disciplines.

a From the point of view of the object of study, there has been a shift from focusing only on Europe in the modern period, where statistics were better, to focusing on Europe in the Middle Ages and even earlier in the classical period, or outside Europe. b From the perspective of the information used, there has been a shift from focusing on officially published statistics to placing equal emphasis on official and private statistics. c From the perspective of analytical framework, we have shifted from the analytical framework of macroeconomics to the comprehensive use of various analytical frameworks of emerging economic schools such as macroeconomics, development economics, new institutional economics, and information economics.

d From the perspective of research methodology, on the basis of the methods used in the past, such as statistics, measurement and counterfactual verification, institutional analysis and cross-border and cross-regional comparative research methods have been added.

New economic historiography first originated in the United States in the fifties and sixties of the 20th century. During this period, some economists began to combine normative economic theories with quantitative and statistical methods to the study of American economic history, thus opening up a new field of integrating historical and economic studies. In the past half century, the new economic historiography has made great progress, from a simple quantitative analysis of historical phenomena to the construction of a grand theoretical system on the evolution of social history, and has tried to make a new and systematic explanation of human development and stagnation, prosperity and decline within its own theoretical framework.

New economic historiography has gradually evolved into an economic discipline that focuses on economic development and social evolution, and is closely related to development economics. The development of economic historiography is not only an important movement in the field of economics, but also has had an important impact on traditional historiography. The new economic historiography uses economic theories, statistics, and econometrics to reinterpret history, and draws conclusions that are different from traditional historiography, and people's understanding of history has been greatly changed. At the same time, the intervention of economics in history has also led to a fierce paradigm conflict between economics and historiography in the common field of economic history.

1. The decline of the ** of X commodity will lead to an increase in the demand for Y goods, indicating that the two commodities are substitutes. x

2. The same glass of water has the same effect. x

3. The time within one year is short-term, and the time of more than one year is long-term. x

4. In the long run, all costs are variable costs. x

5. In a perfectly competitive market, the short-term equilibrium of manufacturers means that there is no economic profit. x

6. Whether in the long term or in the short term, there is a quasi-rent. x

7. An increase in GDP does not necessarily mean an increase in the living standards of citizens. x

8. The average propensity to consume may be greater than, equal to, or less than 1. √

9. At any point on the LM curve, the combination of interest rate and real national income achieves that the demand for money equals the money supply. √

10. Full employment means that everyone who has the ability to work has a job. ×

11. If the manufacturer is taxed, the supply curve of the product will shift to the left, and the equilibrium will decline and the equilibrium output will rise. ×

12. Consumer surplus is the subjective feeling of consumers. √

13. The marginal yield curve must intersect it at the highest point of the average yield curve. √

14. If "you can't have both fish and bear's paws", then, if you want fish, its opportunity cost is bear's paws. √

15. Manufacturers should not continue to operate in a loss-making state. ×

16. Normal profit is a part of economic profit. ×

17. Changes in both the quantity of commodities and commodities will cause changes in nominal GDP. ×

18. If the marginal propensity to save increases, the marginal propensity to consume decreases. √

19. The combination of interest rates and real national income at only one point on the IS curve achieves the equilibrium of the product market. ×

20. When inflation occurs in the economy, the interests of all people are harmed. ×

China's gross domestic product (GDP) reached 10 trillion yuan (trillion) of 239.8 billion yuan in 2002, up 8% year-on-year on a comparable** basis, the National Bureau of Statistics announced Friday, and the economy still faces many challenges this year, according to preliminary estimates.

Among them, the added value of the primary industry was 1,488.3 billion yuan, an increase, the added value of the secondary industry was 5,298.2 billion yuan, an increase, and the added value of the tertiary industry was 3,453.3 billion yuan, an increase.

According to a press release from the Bureau of Statistics, China's economy is still facing many challenges this year, such as some uncertainties in the world's political and economic form; Structural reform is still in the stage of solid success, the economic structure is irrational, the employment pressure is increasing, the growth of agricultural income is slow, and the income gap between urban and rural residents is widening.

On the whole, however, there are more favorable factors for economic development, and China will actively respond to the difficulties and challenges brought about by changes in the domestic and international economic environment, adhere to the principle of expanding domestic demand, continue to implement a proactive fiscal policy and a prudent monetary policy, and maintain the continuity and stability of macroeconomic policies.

1.The original price of the car from A to B is 10 yuan, and the passengers of the train are 120,000, when the fare of the car is reduced from the original 10 yuan to yuan, and the number of train passengers is reduced to 10,000, what is the cross-elasticity of the train passengers and the car fare? Answer: (points).

The original answer to this question is this, but I agree with the upstairs solution. The interval formula is used, which is elastic. Personally, I don't think the answer is right. Ask the master to solve your doubts.

Set to x, based on known conditions:

12-x)/(12+x)/2)]x=

Although strictly speaking, option A is also flawed, but the problem of option B is more obvious, when the marginal substitution rate is constant, the indifference curve is linear. Compared to the minor flaws in option A, the narrative of option B is a more significant error.

The answer to b says that an indifference curve cannot be a straight line.

Not necessarily, but possibly, if someone has the same enthusiasm for A and B as they are for B, then it could be a straight line.

The indifference curve is a straight line, indicating that the change in the quantity of the two items has no effect on the utility, that is, the utility is the same in the two, and the answer is too absolute.