Who invented the submarine?

The idea of a submarine was first proposed by the British scientist William Byrne, who proposed in a book called "Invention" in the year to design a ship that could dive underwater and row underwater. A year later, a Dutch physicist living in the United Kingdom, Cornelius Drabre, came across a book written by William Byrne and had the idea to turn William Byrne's theory into reality. With the support of King James I of England, Dreble soon built a dinghy that could float and float in the water at will.

Shaped like a large leather bag, the hull is a wooden shelf covered with a layer of oiled cowhide, which can accommodate rowers and passengers. In order to solve the problem of diving and floating of the boat, the boat is equipped with many sheepskin bags, and when the boat wants to dive, the water is loaded into the bag; When the boat is about to float, squeeze out the water in the bag. In that year, Drebull held an exhibition to show people his inventions.

During this year, Dreble conducted a number of navigational trials on the Thames on the Thames on the boat he invented, confirming the possibility of underwater navigation. Currently, it is widely believed that the inventor of the first submarine was Nealis Dreble of the Netherlands. In the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War, the submarine "Sea Turtle" invented by American David Bushnell attacked an enemy ship for the first time in a naval battle.

In that year, the great American inventor Fulton built the first submarine with sails, the Nautilus, for the French Navy. At the end of the century, submarine inventors from various countries began to develop mechanically powered submarines, the most representative of which was John Holland, a middle school teacher in the United States. John Holland successfully developed the first mechanically powered submarine in the same year, named the "Holland".

The submarine is steam-propelled when sailing on the surface and electric propulsion when sailing underwater, and can effectively use tanks and horizontal rudders for diving. In January, John Holland successfully developed a submarine that was later known as the "Holland Boat". The submarine, which is propelled by a gasoline engine when sailing on the surface, uses an electric motor when it is underwater and the battery that powers the electric motor is used up, and the gasoline engine can recharge the battery when the submarine surfaces.

This ingenious combination of surface and underwater power has become a model for modern submarine power plants. In addition, for the first time, the "Holland" boat was equipped with the latest ** of the Navy at that time - "Whitehead" torpedoes, which gave the submarine the ability to sink surface ships. The appearance of the "Holland boat" marked the birth of modern submarines.

For this reason, John Holland is known as the "father of modern submarines".

The original person who designed the submarine was Aristotle. In 330 BC, he designed the barrel submarine, which he believed could explore the underwater world if there was air in it. By 1620, the Dutch-born Dreyber had built the first boat that could sail underwater, reaching 5 metres below the Thames.

The submarine was invented by Cornelius Drebel and was developed and tested between 1620 and 1624.

In England, he made a dinghy with a wooden frame, covered with leather, oiled on the outside and a sheepskin pouch inside. Fill the bag with water and the boat will dive to a depth of 3 to 5 meters.

In 1775, the American Revolutionary War broke out. American David Bushnell built a single-piloted, hand-propeller-powered wooden-hulled submarine USS Turtle, which could stay underwater for about half an hour.

The first attack mission of this submarine was in 1776. The submarine "Turtle" is shaped like a goose egg, pointed downward, can only accommodate one person in the boat, has a water tank and water pump at the bottom, is equipped with a hand-cranked propeller, and there are explosive barrels hanging on the outside of the boat.

Timeline of submarine history

In 1776, the American DBushnell built a one-man man-operated wooden-hulled boat, the Turtle.

In 1801, the American RThe submarine USS Nautilus, built by Fulton, has an iron-framed copper hull, is 7 meters long, carries two mines, and is operated by four people. A folding mast is used on the water, powered by sails. Underwater propulsion is carried out by hand-cranked propeller thrusters.

In 1863, France built a submarine "Diver". The hull is designed to mimic the shape of a dolphin, with a length of meters and a displacement of 420 tons. Powered by a 59 kW (80 hp) steam engine with a speed of knots, it can dive underwater for 3 hours to a depth of 12 meters.

1881, TNordfeldt and GFor the first time, the submarine "Nordfeldt", built by Garret, was equipped with torpedo tubes.

In 1881, the USS Holland, built by the United States, was equipped with torpedo tubes capable of launching torpedoes underwater, which was an important development in the history of submarine development.

In 1886, Britain built the submarine "Nautilus", which used battery-powered propulsion, with a speed of 6 knots and a range of about 80 nautical miles.

In 1897, the United States built the submarine "Holland", which used a 33 kilowatt (45 horsepower) gasoline engine power plant on the surface, with a speed of 7 knots and a cruising range of 1,000 nautical miles; Underwater is powered by electric motors, with a speed of 5 knots and a cruising range of 50 nautical miles, which is the beginning of the submarine's dual propulsion system.

In 1898, the Frenchman Maxime Laubef pioneered the construction of the "Horned Whale" with a double-hull structure, which stored ballast water between two layers of hull, which had the advantage of greatly increasing buoyancy.

Summary. In 1620, Dutch physicist Drebre designed and built a real diving ship. The wooden dive boat is covered with a layer of cowhide soaked in grease on the outside of the hull.

The parchment sac is installed inside the ship, which acts as a ballast water tank, and when the parchment pouch is filled with water, the weight of the ship increases, and it dives into the water; When the water in the sheepskin bag is squeezed out, the weight of the boat becomes lighter and it rises from the water. The dive boat can be dived to a depth of four or five meters, and is equipped with 12 oars for 12 people to paddle and propel the boat through the water. The stern of the ship has a stern oar so that it can be used to know the direction of sailing.

Dreyer held an exhibition for the diving boat, which attracted a lot of attention and interest. Between 1620 and 1624, the diving ship made several voyages on the English River Thames and could stay underwater for several hours. This sheepskin sac works like a bladder in the belly of a fish, which is why the boat is called the "hidden eel".

This kind of diving boat, which is powered by rowing paddles, does not have a minimum of practical combat value at sea, but it is this "eel" that has set a historical record for human navigation underwater. The ballast water tank principle invented by Dreble laid the theoretical foundation for the ascent and descent of modern submarines. The diving boat he created is considered the prototype of the world's first submarine.

The submarine was invented by the Dutch physicist Drebour.

In 1620, Dutch physicist Drebre designed and built a real diving ship. The wooden dive boat is covered with a layer of cowhide soaked in grease on the outside of the hull. The parchment sac is installed inside the ship, which acts as a ballast water tank, and when the parchment pouch is filled with water, the weight of the ship increases, and it dives into the water; When the water in the sheepskin bag is squeezed out, the weight of the boat becomes lighter and it rises from the water.

The dive boat can be dived to a depth of four or five meters, and is equipped with 12 oars for 12 people to paddle and propel the boat through the water. The stern of the ship has a stern oar so that it can be used to know the direction of sailing. Dreyer held an exhibition for the diving boat, which attracted a lot of attention and interest.

Between 1620 and 1624, the diving ship made several voyages on the English River Thames and could stay underwater for several hours. This sheepskin sac works like a bladder in the belly of a fish, which is why the boat is called the "hidden eel". This kind of diving boat, which is powered by rowing paddles, does not have a minimum of practical combat value at sea, but it is this "eel" that has set a historical record for human navigation underwater.

The ballast water tank principle invented by Dreble laid the theoretical foundation for the ascent and descent of modern submarines. The diving boat he created is considered the prototype of the world's first submarine.