Pathology of sepsis, scurvy and sepsis

Sepsis: varies depending on the type, number, and virulence of the pathogenic bacteria, as well as the age and resistance of the child. Mild cases have only general symptoms of infection, and severe cases may develop septic shock, DIC, and multi-organ failure.

Burn sepsis Symptoms of infection and poisoning: most of them have a sudden onset, followed by chills or chills, followed by high fever, variable fever type, flaccid fever or residual fever; Frail, severely malnourished, and small infants may be afebrile or even have a lower-than-normal temperature. Listlessness or irritability, and in severe cases, paleness or graying, confusion.

Cold extremities, shortness of breath, rapid heart rate, decreased blood pressure, and jaundice in infants and young children. 1 2 ** Lesions: Some children can see various ** lesions, with petechiae, ecchymosis, scarlet fever-like rash, and urticarial rash being common.

The rash is common on the limbs, trunk**, or mucous membranes of the mouth. Meningococcal sepsis may see petechiae or ecchymosis of varying sizes; Scarlet fever-like rash is common in streptococcal and Staphylococcus aureus sepsis. 1 3 Gastrointestinal Symptoms:

Vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and even vomiting blood and blood in the stool are common; In severe cases, toxic intestinal paralysis or dehydration and acidosis may occur. 1 4 Joint symptoms: Some children may have joint swelling and pain, mobility impairment, or joint effusion, which is more common in large joints.

1 5 Hepatosplenomegaly: more common in infants and young children, mild or moderate enlargement; Some children may develop toxic hepatitis; When a liver abscess is caused by migratory damage to Staphylococcus aureus, liver tenderness is evident. 1 6 Other symptoms:

Severe disease is often accompanied by symptoms of solid organ involvement, such as myocarditis, heart failure, confusion, lethargy, coma, oliguria or anuria. Staphylococcus aureus sepsis is common with multiple migratory lesions; Gram-negative septicemia is often complicated by shock and DIC. Petechiae, ecchymosis, pus, cerebrospinal fluid, chest and ascites can also be directly smeared and microscopic to find bacteria.

2 Complications 2 1 Purulent meningitis: Neonatal sepsis is most likely to be complicated by purulent meningitis, sometimes with subtle neurological symptoms but already complicated. Therefore, it is necessary to be vigilant and have a cerebrospinal fluid examination done as soon as possible.

2 2 Pneumonia or lung abscess: Pneumonia or lung abscess is predisposed to develop secondarily, with respiratory symptoms. 2 3 Migratory lesions:

Such as cellulitis, osteomyelitis, pyelonephritis can also occur occasionally. 2 4 Multiple organs dysfunction syndrome (MODS): Severe outcomes of infection spread are often mods.

Scurvy: caused by a lack of vitamin C in the human body, manifested by increased capillary fragility, swollen, bleeding, atrophy of the gums, often nosebleeds, menorrhagia and blood in the stool; It can also lead to abnormal bone calcification and slow wound healing. These are all related to the lack of vitamin C, which prevents the normal formation of collagen in the body.

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Sepsis (septicemia).

It refers to a serious systemic infection caused by bacteria entering the blood circulation, growing and multiplying in it, and producing toxins. Clinical manifestations include fever, severe symptoms of toxin, rash and petechiae, hepatosplenomegaly, and elevated white blood cell count.

The clinical manifestations vary with the type, number, and virulence of the pathogenic bacteria, as well as the age and resistance of the child. Mild cases have only general symptoms of infection, and severe cases may develop septic shock, DIC, and multi-organ failure.

Scurvy is caused by pathogenic bacteria that invade the blood circulation. There are generally two ways for bacteria to invade the blood circulation, one is through ** or mucous membranes.

scurvy wounds; The second is through purulent lesions such as boils, abscesses, tonsillitis, otitis media, etc. Patients suffering from malnutrition, anaemia, diabetes mellitus and cirrhosis are more likely to develop sepsis due to weakened immunity. After the pathogenic bacteria enter the bloodstream, they grow and multiply rapidly, and produce a large number of toxins, causing many poisoning symptoms.

Scurvy --- caused by the lack of vitamin C in the human body, manifested by increased capillary fragility, swollen, bleeding, atrophy of the gums, often nosebleeds, menorrhagia, menorrhagia, and blood in the stool; It can also lead to abnormal bone calcification and slow wound healing. These are all related to the lack of vitamin C, which prevents the normal formation of collagen in the body.

Sepsis, in simple terms, refers to a systemic inflammatory response caused by a severe infection. The source of infection can be bacteria, viruses, molds, and even parasites. Any infection can eventually get out of control and develop into sepsis, especially with gram-negative bacilli that are most likely to cause sepsis.

Pneumonia and urinary tract infections are the most common prefixes for sepsis**. However, about 2-3 percent of patients with sepsis cannot find the primary lesion of infection. In fact, the diagnosis of sepsis is not so easy because its initial symptoms are not specific.

When sepsis occurs, the patient will have symptoms of fever, chills, rapid heartbeat, and shortness of breath due to severe infection and inflammation, and the patient's consciousness may also be confused and delirious. With the formation of systemic inflammation and thrombosis, patients will begin to have symptoms of gastrointestinal, liver, and kidney dysfunction, and if they do not get effective**, the patient's urine output will begin to decrease, blood pressure will decrease, and eventually shock and death.