What was the positive role of the reform of educational content in the Tang Dynasty and the developm

This poem is entitled "Provincial Examination Xiangling Guse", "Xiangling Guse" is the examination question, "Provincial Examination" is the type of examination, and "Province" refers to "Shangshu Province". There are two types of students who take the examination in the Tang Dynasty, one is the first and the students of various local schools, called students, who need to pass the prescribed academic examinations and selection; The other type is the local scribes who are not from the academy, called the township tribute, and need to pass the preliminary examination at the county and state levels.

Both types of students eventually gather in Shangshu Province to take exams in their respective subjects. The examination was originally presided over by the examiner of the Ministry of Officials, but since the twenty-fourth year of the reign of Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty (736), it was changed to the Ministry of Rites. Since the Ministry of Officials and the Ministry of Rites belong to Shangshu Province, they are both called provincial examinations.

The examination was held in the capital, and it was called the provincial examination in the Tang, Song, Jin and Yuan dynasties, and the meeting examination in the Ming and Qing dynasties. Once every three years, it is generally arranged in February and March, so it is also called "spring test" or "spring test". The provincial examination is a very important examination, every time the provincial examination, the capital is inclined to it, and a solemn ceremony should be held before the examination.

On the day of the examination of the Ministry of Rites, the incense case is set up in front of the steps, the chief priest and the person are worshipped, and the examination is carried out after a series of ceremonies are completed. The provincial (capital) examination is called Gongshi, and the first name is "Huiyuan". Students can only enter the palace examination after passing the provincial (capital) examination, that is, the final "examination champion".

In the Tang Dynasty, there were many subjects, among which the permanent subjects mainly included Xiucai, Ming Jing, Jinshi, Ming Law, Ming Characters, Ming Arithmetic and other subjects, which were also called regular subjects. Although there were many subjects in the imperial examination in the Tang Dynasty, there were only five methods, namely, oral examination, scripture, Moyi, policy theory, and poetry. The poems written by students during the examination are called test poems or test poems.

The trial poem originated in the Tang Dynasty, also known as "endowed decently", because the scientific examination proposition is often just a sentence in the predecessor's poem, or an allusion or an idiom, so it is crowned with the word "endowed", and the rhyme is limited, and the content must be relevant. Most of the trial poems are arranged with five words, six rhymes or eight rhymes, and they require neat battles and proper use of dictionaries. The scope of the topic and the use of rhyme were relatively loose at first, and Tang Xuanzong began to stipulate the rhyme when he opened the Yuan Dynasty.

Song Renzong began to stipulate that the title must be based on the scriptures and history.

Poetry as a scientific research project is one of the projects from the Tang Dynasty to the early Song Dynasty to obtain Jinshi. During the Song Dynasty, due to Wang Anshi's changes, one of the trial poems was canceled, and the Yuan and Ming dynasties have not been restored. At the beginning of the Qing Dynasty, there was no test of poetry, and since the beginning of the Qianlong Dynasty, the examination item of trial post poems was resumed, but there were more restrictions in the form, and the eight-strand form of test post poems was formed.

The test poems written for the purpose of passing the provincial examination are called provincial test poems. The provincial test poems of the Tang Dynasty had their own specific format, requiring the genre to be five words, six rhymes, twelve sentences, and limiting the title and rhyme of the poem. Because the provincial test poems limit the topic and content, and the requirements for sound and rhyme are also very strict, such poems are rarely recited by the population.

But Qian Qi's "Provincial Test of Xiangling Drums" is a masterpiece that has been recited through the ages.

expanded the source of students for the imperial examination; inherited the Confucian culture; promoted the development of popular education; promoted the flourishing of literature and art; It provided a talent base for the prosperity of the Tang Dynasty.

The Tang Dynasty has diversified characteristics of science and technology, culture, economy and art, and a large number of famous artists have emerged in poetry, calligraphy and painting, such as the poet immortal Li Bai, the poet saint Du Fu, the poet demon Bai Juyi, the calligrapher Yan Zhenqing, the painter Wu Daozi, Li Sixun, and the first family Li Guinian. The Tang Dynasty accepted ethnic groups from all over the world to exchange and study, forming an open international culture.

Tang Dynasty Territory Tang Dynasty Achievements of the Tang Dynasty:

Tang Dynasty Territory The Tang Dynasty achieved high achievements in politics, economy, culture, diplomacy and other aspects, and was one of the world's great powers at that time. Neighboring vassal states such as Silla, Goguryeo, Baekje, Balhae, and Japan were greatly influenced by the Tang Dynasty in terms of their political system, social culture, and so on.

In the first half of the Tang Dynasty, the society and economy were in an upward stage, and the culture was advanced, which was a period of great export of Chinese culture and technology to neighboring countries in history.

In the late Tang Dynasty, in the transition period of Chinese history, the reform of land, salt and iron, and taxation systems marked social changes, and the prosperity from the middle period to the end was mainly reflected in the prosperity of industry and commerce.

In different historical periods, due to political and economic changes, different cultural and educational policies have directly affected the development of cultural and educational undertakings. At the beginning of the founding of the Sui and Tang dynasties, the policy of advocating Confucianism and revitalizing learning was implemented as the foundation for carrying out education, and Buddhism and Taoism were used as tools to control the minds of the people, and the imperial examination was actively developed, as an important way to select talents and improve the administration of officials.

First, advocating Confucianism and rejuvenating learning, Emperor Wen of Sui in order to consolidate the needs of centralized rule, chose Confucianism as the guiding ideology of governance, formulated the line of rule by virtue, after the establishment of the Tang Dynasty, the ruling group summed up the lessons of the rise and fall of the Sui Dynasty, and politically chose the idea of Confucianism, held the banner of respect for Confucianism very high, and determined the cultural and educational policy of advocating Confucianism and rejuvenating learning.

Second, the rulers of the Sui and Tang dynasties did not respect Confucianism alone, and for the simultaneous use of Buddhism and Taoism, Tang Gaozu implemented the policy of combining Taoism and Buddhism. The social upheaval provided an opportunity for the activities of Buddhism and Taoism, and the two religions competed to exert influence on the rulers.

Third, in order to strengthen the centralization of power, Emperor Wen of Sui took the right to appoint officials to the imperial examination. He first resumed the use of the probation system to solve the problem of supplementation, and then reformed the probation system, combining the establishment, recommendation, and examination of probation with the selection of talents by local administrative regions, and gradually formed a system of imperial examinations with cultural ability as the selection criterion. In the seventh year of the emperor's reign, the beginning of the transformation of the imperial examination system to the imperial examination system, during the reign of Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty, the establishment of the Jinshi Department marked the formation of the imperial examination system.

The Tang Dynasty inherited the imperial examination system of the Sui Dynasty.

Fourth, Ren Li private school, private school in the Sui and Tang dynasties was valued, and encouraging the development of private school became one of the most important policies. The Tang Dynasty continued to advocate private learning, and the townships below the line county were organized and managed by the people themselves, and private learning was encouraged and required to play a role in the implementation of etiquette and religion and changing customs.

The above is the problem, if there is any error, please understand!

In the Tang Dynasty, different types of schools, such as Guozixue, Taixue, Simenxue, Law, Calligraphy, and Arithmetic, were called the "Six Schools". The overall situation of the learning content is: Guozixue, Taixue, and the four disciplines of learning Confucian classics, learning of law "Tang Law", learning of calligraphy and calligraphy, and learning of arithmetic and arithmetic works and scriptures.

In 662 during the reign of Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty, a Guozijian was set up in Luoyang, the eastern capital, which was called the "Two Prisons" together with the Guozijian of Chang'an.

Under the unified leadership and management of Guozijian, the Taixue of the Tang Dynasty gradually matured and formed a relatively complete teaching management with the improvement of the administrative management system of official education in the imperial court.

In the Tang Dynasty, there were several kinds of Taixue teachers, such as doctors, teaching assistants, and direct lectures, all of whom were high-grade officials in the imperial court. Doctoral students are taught in different courses or majors, directly teaching assistants, and supervising and teaching in turn. Once a doctoral course has been initiated, no one may be transferred or filled with another position until a course has been completed.

In the Tang Dynasty, there were quotas for teachers and students in Taixue, with 6 doctors, 6 teaching assistants, and 500 students. There are also quotas for other imperial court official schools, such as 7 doctors of Guozi Studies, 5 teaching assistants and direct lecturers, and 300 students. These are all contained in the "Tang Liudian" and "Tang Law" and other legal provisions, and must be strictly observed.

The annual enrollment amount of the school is determined according to the number of students who graduate and leave the school in the current year, so as to keep the fixed number unchanged and the teaching order is relatively stable.

Taixue in the Tang Dynasty formulated an instructor examination system. Doctors and teaching assistants are all based on the number of lectures in the year as the standard for grading, and also pay attention to the assessment of the instructor's professional level, teaching effect, work attitude and other aspects. Teaching assistants who have good grades during their tenure can be promoted to doctorates, and doctoral professors can also be promoted to official positions during their tenure.

In the Tang Dynasty, the promotion of Taixue must be checked by the Ministry of Rites for the teaching workload of the year, and its teaching attitude, professional level and teaching effect must be comprehensively investigated to determine its advance and retreat. This kind of promotion examination for instructors is regular and institutionalized. There is a small test every year, and a big test in three or five years.

The examination is presided over by a special examination body set up by the state. The same is true of other imperial court officials.

First, the reinforcement of the hierarchy. There are strict rules on the admission qualifications of students at all levels and types of schools, and these regulations are not based on the age and education level of the students, but on the basis of status and status.

Second, Confucianism dominates the entire education system, not only with many types and places, but also from top to bottom and with a complete system. The treatment of teachers and students and the school equipment are also relatively generous and perfect.

Third, the systematization of the education system. The first is the formation of a sound education management system. The second is to establish a perfect school system that combines general education and vocational and technical education.

Fourth, professional education began to be established, and not only liberal arts specialized schools, such as law and calligraphy, but also practical specialized schools, such as arithmetic, astronomical calendars, and medicine, were established.

Fifth, the form of schools is diversified. In addition to the system directly under the education administration, in some administrative departments, such as the Taile Department, the Taifu Temple, the Taiyi Department, the Taifu Department, the Si Tiantai, etc., there are also doctoral programs to recruit students, and adopt the method of taking apprentices, so that students study and work at the same time, carry out vocational training, and combine education, research and administration.

Sixth, the local school education system in the Tang Dynasty was also more detailed than that of its predecessors. It is divided into levels according to the population of the prefecture and county, and the number of teachers and students is stipulated. There are schools all the way to the township.

Seventh, the establishment of ideological and political education. In the history of Chinese feudal education, the Tang Dynasty was the first dynasty to unify moral education, and both the education system and the imperial examination system had moral education courses and examination subjects.

Feudalism was strengthened.

Confucianism predominated.

Professional schools began to be established, and professional education was emphasized.

Multi-channel and multi-form schooling.

School education is integrated with administrative bodies and administrative departments.

The school's internal teaching management system and laws and regulations are perfect.