What does the dilution rate increase with? What is the relationship with welding current and voltage

The dilution rate is expressed by the fusion ratio, but the two are completely different concepts, the dilution rate refers to a dilution of an alloying element, and the fusion ratio is the proportion of the base metal in the weld metal, they can be linked by a formula, the fusion ratio is related to the groove form (the X-type is less than the V-type), the transport method (the swing is of course larger than the straight line), the welding method (the welding method written upstairs can be referenced), these are related, the larger the current, the greater the unit heat input, The greater the penetration depth, the greater the voltage, and the greater the width of the weld, in this case, the increase of current and voltage should increase the dilution rate, because the proportion of the base metal entering the weld has also increased

Different welding methods have different dilution rates. Submerged arc automatic welding.

The dilution rate is up to 30 to 60%, and the dilution rate of manual arc welding is 15 to 30%, with pole submerged arc welding.

is 10 20%, the dilution rate of positive electrode plasma arc surfacing is only 5%, the dilution rate of reverse electrode plasma arc surfacing is as low as only 1%, and the dilution rate of reverse pole hot wire plasma arc surfacing and reverse extremely weak plasma arc surfacing is also only. Because tungsten TIG welding uses a non-melting electrode, its dilution rate can vary in the range of 10 100%, in order to obtain a low dilution rate of weld metal, as much filler material (welding wire) should be added to the solution pool as much as possible.

In general, the higher the welding current, the greater the dilution rate.

The larger the groove, the smaller the dilution.

The dilution rate is the percentage of the metal area melted into the base metal to the cross-sectional area of the weld in the cross-sectional area of the weld.

In general, the composition of the filler metal is often not the same as that of the base metal, especially when the heterogeneous metal is phase welded or the alloy is surfacing welded. When the alloy composition of the overlay metal is mainly derived from the filler metal, the effect of the locally melted base metal in the weld can be considered dilution.

Generally, the chemical composition of the deposited welding material is used as the basic component of the weld metal, and the decrease or increase in the proportion of alloying elements in the weld caused by the molten base metal is regarded as dilution. The degree of dilution depends on the fusion ratio of the base metal, i.e., the percentage of the base metal in the weld metal. The higher the fusion ratio of the base metal, the greater the degree of dilution; Conversely, the degree of dilution is smaller.

Excerpt from the second volume of the International Training Course for Welding Engineers: Materials and Welding Behavior of Materials.