What is a duplicate kidney and what to look out for

Categories: Medical & Health >> Internal Medicine.

Problem description: I checked a lot, what is the duplicate kidney? Is it a congenital malformation, two kidneys in one? If so, does it mean that there is only one kidney? What are the effects on fertility? Now stones are found, there is hydronephrosis.

Urgent celebration!! Next week, I'm going to go to the marriage registration.

Thank you! Analysis:

This disease is a common congenital malformation of the kidneys and ureters. The incidence is about 1500:1, and unilateral deformities are 6 times more common than bilateral deformities.

Duplicate kidney is a completely different concept from additional kidney. Duplicate kidneys are mostly inseparable and the additional kidneys are completely independent third kidneys. Duplicate kidneys and repeated ureters mostly exist at the same time, and are divided into two types: complete and incomplete.

In women, urinary incontinence may occur if the ureteral opening is not in the bladder. In addition, repeated renal and repetitive ureters are prone to cause urinary tract infections. If there are complications of this disease, surgery should be performed to complete it.

Clinical manifestations 1In the absence of ectopic ureteral openings and complications, they are often asymptomatic. 2.

In women who have normal urination and symptoms of urinary incontinence, examination often reveals an ectopic ureteral orifice. 3.Concurrent infections may present with low back pain and symptoms of urinary tract infection.

Diagnosis is based on 1Presence or absence of symptoms of urinary tract infection or urinary incontinence. 2.

Diagnosis is made by intravenous urography or pyelogram with reverse orthostatic residual grip by detecting repetitive malformations of the kidneys and ureters. 3.Cystoscopy can reveal ectopic ureteral orifice.

or MRI showing deformities of the kidneys and ureters. Principle 1No complications or asymptomatic are not required**.

2.Ureteral opening is ectopic and there is urinary incontinence, and if renal function is good, ureteral bladder reimplantation is done. 3.

If the duplicate kidney is complicated by stones, tuberculosis or hydronephrosis infection, and the kidney function is damaged, different types of surgery should be taken according to the function and lesions of each part of the duplicate kidney. Medication principle The main purpose of medication is to prevent and control infection, and it is sufficient to select items "a" and "b"; If the infection is severe, it is necessary to choose "B" and "C" traditional Chinese medicine, which is better to be administered intravenously, and at the same time bacterial culture + drug sensitivity, so as to use drugs in a targeted manner. INVESTIGATIONS Duplicate renal and repetitive ureteral anomalies generally require only "a" and "b" tests.

Efficacy evaluation 1**: Lesion excision or removal, infection control or disappearance.

Urinary incontinence and ectopic deformity of the ureteral opening are corrected and symptoms disappear. 2.Good**

**Removal, urinary incontinence symptoms disappear, but there is a reverse** urinary tract infection. Expert tips Repeated kidney and repeated ureteral malformations cannot be treated with drugs alone, drugs can only control the infection and create opportunities for surgery. Surgery is the only way you can.

Whenever complications occur, they should be early**.

Condition analysis: Hello, duplicate kidney is one kidney with two sets of ureters leading out, which is a congenital renal malformation.

Suggestions: Repeated kidney is often combined with one of the renal pelvis ureters dilated and hydronephrosis, when hydronephrosis may damage renal function, the cause of hydronephrosis should be actively relieved, and renal function should be actively preserved. Simply repeating the kidney generally does not have a harmful effect on life.

**The choice is mainly based on the condition of repeated renal and ureteral lesions and complications

1.Asymptomatic, can be lifelong without observation, only urinary tract infection, and no anatomical abnormalities (hydronephrosis, ureteral orifice) It is advisable to control the infection with drugs without surgery;

2.Patients with ectopic ureteral openings are generally treated with ureteral bladder replantation; When accompanied by symptoms such as severe hydronephrosis and reciprocal urinary tract infection, repeat nephrometry and ureterectomy can be performed; If both sides have ectopic openings, surgery can be performed in stages**;

3.For patients without ureteral ectopic opening, conservative ** or ureteral bladder replantation is generally adopted, if hematuria, low back pain, urinary tract infection is recurrent ** and severe renal hydrops, severe renal cortex can be performed for severe renal and ureterectomy.

Indications for surgery: incomplete repetitive ureter, the presence of upper renal function accompanied by ureter-ureteral reflux;

Complete repetitive ureter, presence of upper renal function with vesicoureteral reflux;

Concomitant uncontrolled urinary tract infection, or droplet incontinence.

Combined with large stones and severe water accumulation.

Laparoscopy**:

Since Clayman et al. successfully resected the kidney by the first laparoscopic laparoscopic surgery in 1991, and Gaur was the first to complete nephrectomy by the retroperitoneal route (also known as posterior peritoneal laparoscopy) in 1992, a new technique of laparoscopic renal surgery has emerged.

It has the advantages of small trauma and quick postoperative recovery, and has been accepted by the majority of doctors and patients' relatives, and has been carried out rapidly, and has gradually become a routine operation in renal surgery. With the continuous improvement of laparoscopic technology, the number and difficulty of surgery have been greatly improved"Some cases with relatively complex conditions, such as repeated renal ureteral malformations, are still difficult to perform laparoscopic surgery because of their diverse and complex manifestations.

It doesn't matter if you repeat the kidneys. It is an anatomical variation, which is actually a kidney that grows into two small kidneys. Most of them are born like this.

This has basically no effect on renal function, has no clinical significance, and does not need to be **. In fact, this is relatively common, and many normal people have it. The disease is a typical "B-ultrasound disease", which refers to those diseases that have no clinical significance, do not feel abnormal at all, and have no effect on liver function and kidney function, and only find its existence when doing B-ultrasound.

Kidney discomfort: Many people feel some discomfort in the lower back and think that there is a problem with the kidneys. In fact, in most cases, it is not really kidney disease, but lumbar spine or lumbar muscle strain. This is especially true for people who sit for a long time without changing their posture. Only a few are true kidney diseases.

At the sixth week of the human embryo, the end of the mesorenal duct leads into the cloaca and protrudes dorsally into a small blind duct called a ureteral bud. The ureteral bud grows rapidly, and its tip is surrounded by primitive kidney-producing tissue, like a broad bean. The ureteral bud develops into the renal pelvis, branches to form the renal calyce, and then branches to form the calycea and collecting duct.

If the branch is too early, a duplicate ureteral malformation is formed. The height and number of branches may determine the formation of complete or incomplete, double or multiple ureteral malformations. Repeated ureters are often accompanied by duplicate kidneys.

Most of the duplicate kidneys are combined into one, with a common membrane and a superficial groove on the surface, but the ureters and blood vessels of the renal pelvis are separated. It is very rare for the duplicate kidneys to be completely separated.

Analysis: Duplicate kidney refers to a kidney with two renal pelvis and two sets of ureters, which is a congenital developmental abnormality.

Guidance: Suggestion: This deformity will not cause any clinical symptoms, it is generally found by physical examination, and it is necessary to worry about the leakage of the mask.