The relationship between aperture and speed in photography is not black when the camera shoots

Whether it is film or image sensor, to shoot well, you need the right amount, and the amount is calculated by the camera according to the brightness of the environment or object to be photographed (metering process), and then through the combination of aperture and shutter parameters, to obtain the appropriate amount, as for the relationship between aperture and shutter, I will give you an example to make it easier for you to understand: for example, if you want to fill a bucket of water, you have to decide how big the faucet is according to the pressure of the tap water (equivalent to the brightness of the environment) equivalent to aperture) and how long to open (equivalent to shutter speed), just fill a bucket of water, the larger the faucet, the shorter the time it will open; If you want to open it for a longer time, you need to turn it on smaller. If the water overflows at the specified tap size and within the specified time, it is equivalent to overfilling the water and is not yet full, which is equivalent to underfilling.

So if you want to shoot ** not black, you need: 1Correct metering, 2

The aperture is larger or the shutter speed is slower, of course, if the aperture is too large or the shutter speed is too slow, it will be over-whitish. )

The aperture is 1 times larger, twice the speed is twice as fast and you shoot black, which proves that ** is not enough, either increase the aperture (increasing the aperture means that the number of the aperture becomes smaller), or slow down the speed (also the number becomes smaller, that number is 1 digital second).

Give the landlord a few examples to understand, the night view of the city.

Take a bird's-eye view of the scene from above.

1-2 minutes.

Busy street view is 20-30 meters away.

1-8 seconds Bright windows.

Large store merchandise display window.

1 15 seconds.

Neon ads.

The distance is 30-50 meters.

1 30 seconds The speed of the shutter and the size of the aperture should be matched to a certain extent.

First of all, there is a sixteen rule of sunshine in photography (this law is nearly 100 years old).

Outdoors on a sunny day, if the aperture is selected as 16, then the shutter speed should be set to the reciprocal of the sensitivity used.

For example, in a sunny outdoor area with an aperture of 16, if the sensitivity is 100, then the shutter speed should be 1 100 seconds;

Under the same conditions, if the sensitivity is 200, then the shutter speed should be 1 200 seconds.

Remember one more reciprocal rate: with the same accurate** aperture shutter combination, when the aperture is magnified by one level and the shutter is reduced by one level, the ** value obtained is the same.

Let's take the example above: outdoors on a sunny day, the sensitivity is 100, the aperture is 16, and the shutter speed is 1 100;

The combined values of sensitivity 100, aperture 11, shutter speed 1 200 are the same.

Both the aperture size and the shutter speed control the amount of light coming in.

The larger the aperture, the more light will enter, and the smaller the aperture, the less light will enter.

The slower the shutter speed, the more light intakes, and the faster the shutter speed, the less light intakes.

However, the size of the aperture also determines the size of the depth of field.

The shutter speed also determines the length of time (e.g., a faster shutter speed is required for high-speed moving objects, and a slower shutter speed is required for night scenes).

As for how they work together, put aside all the factors of composition and depth of field.

They work together just to be right.

For example, using aperture f9 and shutter 1 50 is the same as using aperture and shutter 1 800.

The only difference is that they don't have the same depth of field.

The aperture controls the depth of field, and the shutter captures the action.

Aperture There is a set of overlapping metal blades in the camera lens, and the size of the aperture enclosed by it and the time it is open determine the amount of light exposed in a phase, which also produces the aperture and speed of the camera.

In the case of a certain exposure time, the larger the aperture, the greater the exposure of the film. It is expressed as a f numeric value. Generally, the aperture value of a camera has f, and the amount of exposed light will be doubled or halved for every step up or down the aperture value.

The relationship between aperture and shutter.

The wider the aperture, the shorter the relative exposure time needs to be (not counting under special conditions), there are many different shutter speeds and apertures that can be matched to get the same exposure value, but the exposure effect may not be the same, because it also involves the problem of depth of field, which will be discussed later. Lenses with the largest aperture are called "fast lenses" because they can be paired with relatively fast shutter speeds.

Shutter speed and aperture size have little to do with each other.

The adjustment of the aperture size is only when the outside light is not suitable, for example, when the outside light is too dark, you can increase the aperture, when the light is too bright, reduce the aperture, the shutter speed is just for shooting some still life or dynamic objects, the shooting of general still life is not low with 1 30 seconds, shooting with fast moving objects, the shutter speed is not low with 1 250 seconds.

Every time you shoot, because the light is different, the amount of light you need is also different. **The amount is basically controlled by the aperture and shutter.

Aperture: Consists of a series of blades that form a circular hole in **. Adjust the blades to adjust the size of the round hole.

The larger the hole, the more light enters the camera and reaches the film. The size of the aperture is indicated by a numerical value, and the smaller the number after f, the larger the aperture of the aperture with the aperture open.

Shutter: Acts like a curtain between the lens aperture and the image sensor. The moment the shutter is pressed, the shutter curtain opens, allowing light to pass through, leaving an image on the photosensitive component.

The amount of light entering the shutter control is indicated by time, 30s---1 8000s....Higher values indicate longer time.

The relationship between aperture and shutter: according to the shooting needs, by adjusting the aperture size and shutter speed, we can get the appropriate amount and shoot well. There is a reciprocal law between the aperture and the shutter, for example, if we want to fill a bucket of water (** amount), twist the faucet wider (aperture), and the time to release water (shutter speed) will be short; The faucet is smaller, and the water will take longer.

Cameras generally have "Aperture Priority" and "Shutter Priority" shooting modes.

Aperture Priority: Set the aperture to a fixed value and automatically adjust the shutter speed according to the reciprocal law.

Shutter Priority: Set the shutter to a fixed value and automatically adjust the aperture speed according to the reciprocal law.

Why?

Because even if the amount of ** is the same, the values of the aperture and shutter are different, and different effects can be obtained when shooting.

Aperture and shutter control effects:

Aperture: Controls the depth of field. The aperture is small, and the field is deep; The aperture is wide and the depth of field is shallow.

Depth of field: For example, in a depth, a level within 1 cm clearly indicates a shallow depth of field. A clear representation of the depth of field at a range of 10 meters (or more).

Shutter: Controls the dynamic time of an object. For example, 1 drop of water may drop a distance of 10 cm in 1 second, and a distance of only 1 mm in 1 1000 seconds.

The same is true for shooting, shooting water droplets in 1s, and it is possible to shoot a line of the trajectory of the water droplets. 1 1000s may be able to shoot the moment of a water droplet, and a drop of water can be captured clearly.

According to the effect we want to express, we can get the desired effect by adjusting different shutter speeds and aperture sizes under the same ** conditions. In some extreme conditions, some other means are needed to compensate, more on that later.

Aperture legend. Different aperture speeds for different effects.

1 has a wide aperture and a shallow depth of field. With the exception of the focus point of the bottle, even the window bar that is very close is not clear.

The aperture of 2 is small, the field is deep, the window bar is clear, and the distant scenery is clearer than 1.

The determining factors are aperture, shutter speed, and ISO speed, and the combination of these three parameters determines the first correct time.

Generally speaking, unless the light is very low and you need to shoot handheld, you don't need to adjust the ISO too high, as too high an ISO will increase noise and lead to a decrease in image quality. Usually, you can fix the ISO at a value of 100 or 200.

When the ISO is fixed, the only factors that determine ** are aperture and shutter speed. Therefore, the larger the aperture, the faster the shutter speed will be at the same amount.

For example, ISO100, when the aperture is f4 and the shutter is 1 500 seconds, ** is correct;

The ISO is still 100, and when the aperture is F8 and the shutter speed is 1 125 seconds, the ** result at this time is exactly the same as the ** shot with the above parameters.

The larger the aperture, the shallower the depth of field, and the good background blur effect, which is conducive to highlighting the subject and streamlining the picture; This setting is commonly used when shooting subjects such as portraits.

The smaller the aperture, the greater the depth of field, which makes the image clear from near and far, and is commonly used when shooting landscapes.

In addition to determining the shutter speed, it can also meet different shooting intentions.

Using a high-speed shutter can freeze the moment of movement; Using a slow shutter pan can create a motion blur effect by making moving objects clear and the background blurred, thus creating a sense of movement.

If you just play, check the information on the Internet, and look at other people's ** on the forum, you can greatly improve.

The book recommends "New York School of Photography Photography Textbook", which has a detailed explanation of many aspects such as **, composition, lighting, etc.

Aperture: The wider the aperture, the more light there is, and vice versa.

Shutter: The slower the shutter forward, the more light there is, and vice versa.

Sensitivity: The higher the sensitivity, the greater the sensitivity per unit area, and vice versa.

The wider the aperture, the faster the shutter. to make sure it's reasonable**.

The aperture is smaller, the slower the shutter speed. The same is to make sure it is reasonable**.

When the sensitivity is high, the shutter speed is faster, and vice versa.

There are many kinds of composition (triangles, splits, curves, diagonals, thirds, white space, etc.) The composition framing you are talking about is indeed exquisite, and it is very important.

The basic knowledge of photography can be learned by buying the "New York Academy of Photography Tutorial", which is very comprehensive and in-depth.

Aperture and speed are the most important things in photography.

Aperture and speed actually play the same role, both control the amount of light. The larger the aperture opens, the more light intakes, and the smaller the aperture opens, the less light intakes. If the speed is set slowly, the light will enter more, and if the speed is set fast, the light will enter less. Aperture is used in conjunction with speed.

The maximum aperture of a typical camera is 22. The speed is slow by a second, and the speed is a thousandth of a second. However, we rarely use the maximum and minimum aperture for photography.

Commonly used apertures are; The commonly used speed is . What is a thousandth of a second for? A thousandth of a second can shoot rockets, guns ejected, fast-moving objects.

The wide aperture speed is only used in certain situations. The ratio of large aperture to small aperture, the small aperture illuminates ** clearer than the large aperture. If you want to illuminate the ** clearly, try to use a small aperture.

To highlight a person or object, use a wide aperture. Because the object illuminated by a wide aperture is clear in the focal length, the object outside the focal length is blurred.

The above is a camera with a manual shutter, and a fully automatic point-and-shoot camera cannot control the aperture speed.

Aperture is inversely proportional to speed. It determines the amount of light sensitivity of the camera.

Summary. The shutter is a device used to control the amount of light entering the camera, that is, determining whether and for how long the light enters the camera. This is distinguished from the aperture, which determines how much light enters the camera, and the shutter, which determines how long it takes for light to enter the camera.

Different shutter speeds produce different results, fast shutter speed can capture the moment of movement, slow shutter speed can record the movement trajectory.

What role do aperture and shutter speed play in photographic practice?

The main function of the aperture is to adjust the amount of light received by the image sensor, when you turn the aperture wider, then the amount of light entering the camera will be more, and if you adjust the aperture smaller, then the amount of light entering the camera will be less. Let's just remember one law: the larger the aperture, the more light will enter, the brighter it will be, and the smaller the aperture, the less light will enter, and the darker it will be.

The shutter is a device used to control the amount of light entering the camera, that is, determining whether and for how long the light enters the camera. This is distinguished from the aperture, which determines how much light enters the camera, and the shutter, which determines how long it takes for light to enter the camera. Different shutter speeds produce different results, fast shutter speed can capture the moment of movement, slow shutter speed can record the movement trajectory.

<> "What is Aperture-

The aperture is a device used to control the amount of light entering the lens, which is generally located in the lens and consists of a set of blades that can be opened and closed. If you want to adjust the size of the aperture, you can directly change the value of f.

The effect of aperture on the amount of light entering –

The f-value of the aperture is the larger the deficit, the less light enters, and the darker **.

The smaller the f-value, the more light will enter, and the brighter it will be.

The effect of aperture on depth of field –

Depth of field: the distance between the clear part of the picture and the blurred part, the smaller the depth of field, the more ambiguous the picture, the greater the depth of field, the clearer the picture.

The larger the f-number, the greater the depth of field and the sharper the picture.

The smaller the f-number of the aperture, the smaller the depth of field and the blurrier the picture.

The effect of the aperture on the light source ——

The larger the f-value of the aperture, the longer the ray, and the light gradually turns into light.

The smaller the f-value of the aperture, the shorter the ray, and the light-space line gradually becomes a blindness of the light god.

Note: We draw the above conclusion with the same sensitivity s0 and shutter speed.

Example of the effect of the aperture on depth of field –

Large aperture, light source variable spot:

In the work shot in the restaurant, the lights in the room, with the blessing of the large aperture, become a beautiful light spot, enriching the whole picture.

Small aperture, the light source becomes bright:

This is a flower of the **, the sun's rays are relatively sufficient, and the aperture of f 1 used produces the effect of starlight, radiant.

Summary of aperture knowledge points——

Aperture affects the amount of light entering (brightness):

The larger the f-value, the less light will enter and the darker it will be.

The smaller the f-value, the more light will enter, and the brighter it will be.

b.Aperture affects depth of field (degree of bokeh):

The larger the f-number, the greater the depth of field and the sharper the picture.

The smaller the f-number of the aperture, the smaller the depth of field and the blurrier the picture.

c.Aperture affects the light source (spot light):

The larger the f-value of the aperture, the longer the ray, and the light gradually turns into light.

The smaller the f-value of the aperture, the shorter the rays, and the rays gradually turn into spots.