How to know if an ovarian cyst is benign or malignant

Most ovarian cysts are benign and a few malignant are not excluded.

1. General situation: benign women are mostly women in the reproductive period, and the general condition is good; The onset of malignant patients is more common in prepubertal girls, adolescents or postmenopausal women, and the disease develops rapidly, with metastatic lesions in the early stage, and malignant lesions such as weight loss appear rapidly.

2. Signs: benign patients are often unilateral, movable, smooth surface, intact capsule, cystic, without ascites; The malignant patients are sometimes bilateral, inactive, often adhesion with the surrounding tissues, some are solid, the surface is not smooth, may penetrate the capsule, implanted in the abdominal cavity or pelvis, and the fixed nodules can be palpated in the recess of the uterus and rectum, often accompanied by bloody ascites, such as aspiration ascites examination may detect cancer cells.

3. Medical history: patients with benign ovarian cysts have a long course of disease, and the cysts gradually grow, and most of them have no uncomfortable symptoms; In malignant cases, the course of the disease is short, the cyst grows rapidly, and sometimes it can be accompanied by fever.

4. B ultrasound: benign patients are mostly liquid dark areas with clear edges, and malignant patients have chaotic light clusters in liquid dark areas with unclear perimeter of lumps.

5. Pathological examination: The most important method of identification is to take the lesion tissue for pathological examination. Biopsies of the lesions may be taken prior to surgery, or a comprehensive pathological examination of the surgically removed tumor may be performed. (Generally not done because it can cause the tumor to spread).

B-ultrasound can roughly determine the nature of the final determination or the need for surgical excision and laboratory testing.

If you want to make an accurate judgment, you should at least take a blood test to measure cancer indicators, and if it is high, you can continue to do a biopsy to know.

The average old doctor should be able to see it. However, the most definite thing is to do pathological biopsy after surgery.

1. Ovarian cysts are benign and rarely malignant.

However, if the benign ovarian cyst continues to enlarge and the diameter of the cyst exceeds 5 cm, surgery is also required, because once the cyst ruptures or twists the pedicle, it will cause complications such as acute peritonitis, intestinal adhesions, and ovarian necrosis.

2. Patients with ovarian cysts can judge the internal composition of the cyst through B ultrasound examination, generally the inside of the benign cyst is a liquid component, if there is a solid component or shows abundant blood flow, it is necessary to suspect whether it is a malignant cyst, and further diagnosis is required.

Compared with ultrasonography, CT and MRI can clearly observe the morphology of the cyst and whether there is lymph node metastasis. Benign cysts, most of which have clear, smooth borders, and generally do not have lymph node metastasis; Most malignant tumors are irregularly contoured, entangled with surrounding tissues, or accompanied by ascites, and may also have lymph node metastasis.

Although there is no specific marker for ovarian malignant cysts, such as CA125, AFP199 and naphopeptide protein AFP, there is still a certain guiding role in judging the benign and malignant nature of cysts—if it is a malignant cyst, the values of these indicators will be significantly increased.

Laparoscopy can have an intuitive judgment on the morphological structure of the cyst and the relationship between the cyst and the surrounding organs. A multi-site biopsy is performed at the suspicious site, and peritoneal fluid is aspirated for cytology (checking for cancer cells that have been shed in the peritoneal fluid).

Pathological biopsy is to make ultra-thin sections of the excised cyst tissue and carefully observe it under a microscope to know what kind of changes have occurred in this part of the tissue, and to judge whether the cyst is 100% clear about the benign and malignant nature of the cyst, so that the patient can rest assured.

3 menstrual irregularities, irregular uterine bleeding, postmenopausal bleeding.

Progressive wasting, fatigue, lethargy. Causes a considerable degree of persistent tenderness due to changes within the tumor, such as hemorrhage, necrosis, and rapid growth. On examination, it is found to be locally tender.

4. At present, there are two methods: conservative and surgical.

Traditional Chinese medicine adopts the method of regulating endocrine, strengthening immunity and dialectical treatment, and adopts the principle of "soft and hard dispersing knots, invigorating blood circulation and removing stasis, and strengthening and consolidating the foundation". Moreover, Chinese medicine starts from a holistic view, and comprehensively regulates the functions of the body's qi and blood, meridians, and viscera, so as to achieve the principle of qi and blood, smooth meridians, and the balance of yin and yang.

a.Those who are found to have a faster growth rate of ovarian tumors.

b.Sudden paroxysmal cramps in the lower abdomen, gynecological examination or B-ultrasound suggests ovarian tumor torsion.

c.If a malignant ovarian tumor is found, surgery should be performed first, and a combination of Chinese and Western medicine should be given after surgery**.