Who invented pottery and what dynasty invented pottery Which dynasty invented pottery

Pottery has not been invented, it can only be said that people are slowly formed in the use of convenient life, pottery has a long history, and simple and rough pottery has been seen in the Neolithic Age.

The invention of pottery (including other material inventions) is not an individual achievement, but a group of people who have discovered, recognized, and summarized in the accumulation of a long period of life.

The specific process of the invention of pottery is roughly as follows:

In the case of people in ancient societies who were semi-skilled or skilled in the use of fire, the original cooking method was to burn, burn, and boil (using more animal stomachs), and the soil near the fire source was slowly dried and hardened, and later people found that the hardened soil could prevent water from seeping out or could store water, and through a period of accumulation and summary, people began to use these clay to make utensils and form pottery

1. The invention of pottery is an important symbol of mankind's entry into the Neolithic Age. According to archaeological data, the world's earliest pottery appeared around 6000 BC.

2. Engels in The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State

"The manufacture of pottery is due to the coating of woven or wooden vessels with earth-bearing earth to make them resistant to fire," it says. At first, it was fired on the woven fabric with mud paste, and later it was fired directly from the clay blank."

According to archaeological data, the world's earliest pottery appeared around 6000 BC, roughly equivalent to the Neolithic period in China.

about 10,000 to 4,000 years ago).

3. The invention of pottery and the rise of the ceramics industry not only greatly accelerated the development of productive forces, but also made the settled life of human beings more stable. In the long era of obscurantism, human beings could only passively use natural materials and process them into stone tools, bone tools, wood tools, etc. However, this type of artifact only changed the external form of the material and did not change its internal properties, but the invention of pottery made full use of the power of fire to completely change the chemical properties of the soil.

The result is a new type of man-made material that has never been seen before. If it is north of stones, animal bones, and wood, soil is obviously a richer and more convenient natural resource for processing, molding, and exploitation.

4. Therefore, it can be said that the emergence of the new material "pottery" has opened up an infinite new world for human beings to further make full use of natural resources.

The process of making pottery is very complex. When making pottery, it is first necessary to collect some special clay, chemically treat the clay, and add special materials, and the treated soil is molded by a machine or kneaded by hand to make various shapes, and then placed in a high-temperature furnace to heat until it is formed, and finally glazed. So that a piece of pottery is ready.

The earliest pottery found in China was in the patrilineal clan period of the primitive society 6,000 years ago, and the varieties at this time were extremely rich, which shows that the pottery industry at that time had reached a fairly high level.

But, when was pottery invented? And who is the inventor? This issue has been very controversial in academic circles. There are several main sayings:

The first theory is that the earliest pottery was made by the Shennong clan around 3000 BC. Confucius's Book of Yi Zhou records that Shennong used pottery to cultivate the fields. Of course, people are still exploring whether Shennong's family really exists, but it is a fact that the ancients used pottery as farming tools.

The second theory is that the Suiren clan made the pottery. It is said that the Suiren clan invented the story of drilling wood for fire and knotting ropes. It is also doubtful whether the Suiren clan had a name, but it is possible that the invention of pottery was made during the period of drilling wood for fire and knotting ropes.

The third theory is that Yu Shun invented pottery. There is a record of Yu Shun making pottery on the riverside in the "Historical Records", which seems to be more credible.

In addition, many scholars have pointed out that pottery was not invented by a specific person, but the product of gradual improvement by countless ancestors in production practice.

The history of pottery is very long, dating back to 6000 B.C., because there are relevant books that recorded that the earliest appeared in that period.

A1From 5000 to 6000 years ago, mankind entered the prosperous stage of matriarchal clan communes, and the Yangshao culture in the Yellow River Valley appeared as a painted pottery culture. So pottery first appeared in the Neolithic period.

2.Early porcelain was nothing more than a type of glazed pottery, also known as primitive celadon. From the middle of the Shang Dynasty to the late Eastern Han Dynasty, it was a transitional stage from the development of pottery to porcelain.

The original celadon unearthed in the Shang Dynasty, that is, glazed pottery. 3.At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, celadon ware with bright glaze and pure texture was unearthed, and the real porcelain in China appeared in the Eastern Han Dynasty.

4.The porcelain industry in the Tang Dynasty has become an independent production sector, with Yue kiln celadon, Xing kiln white porcelain, etc. In the late Tang Dynasty, Changsha copper kiln pioneered underglaze painting.

5.During the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty, pastel porcelain developed, and Yongzheng reached the peak of the mole peak.

Judging from the unearthed cultural relics and historical documents, pottery was invented by humans in the Neolithic Age, and the earliest unearthed pottery appeared in 6000 BC.

According to historical records, the earliest pottery appeared 10,000 years ago and was first discovered in Japan.

The invention of pottery is of epoch-making significance in the history of human social development, which marks the transition of human beings from the migratory life based on gathering, fishing and hunting activities to the settled life based on agriculture, which means the beginning of the transformation of human beings from barbarism to civilization. In the history of the development of art and design, the invention and use of pottery are also of great historical significance. This is because pottery design is different from any previous creative activity, and it bids farewell to the history of human beings relying solely on the use of natural materials for artistic design activities, thus laying the initial cornerstone of human practice of consciously creating new materials.

Pottery is one of the earliest artifacts used by humans, with origins dating back to the Neolithic Age, about 10,000 years ago.

1. Appearance time.

The earliest pottery appeared in China and the Middle East, around the late Neolithic period around 10,000 BC.

2. The development of human settlement and farming.

The emergence of pottery was closely related to the beginning of human settlement and agricultural life. As humans shifted from a hunter-gatherer lifestyle to a settled farming system, people began to use land and resources for agriculture and animal husbandry, as well as the need to store, cook, and transport food.

3. Clay and production process.

The material from which pottery is made is terracotta, which is a type of clay that contains clay minerals. The process of making pottery mainly includes extrusion, kneading, roulette technology and firing. Through shaping and firing, the pottery is made malleable and hard.

4. Functions and uses.

Pottery has played an important role in human society. It is used to store food, water, and other substances, and also to make utensils, cooking utensils, containers, and decorations, among other things.

The history and development of pottery in China

1. Liangzhu culture.

China's earliest pottery shed Zheng appeared about 7,000 years ago during the Liangzhu Wen Zunhua period, which originated in the area of present-day Zhejiang Province and is considered one of the earliest urban civilizations in China. A large number of exquisite pottery have been found in the Liangzhu cultural site, which shows that the Chinese have mastered pottery-making techniques as early as ancient times.

2. The development of pottery making technology.

Over time, pottery-making techniques in China have gradually developed and improved. From the earliest hand-made and divination to the use of potter's wheels, to the emergence of techniques such as glazed pottery and painting decoration, China's pottery craft has gradually improved and refined.

3. The prosperity of ceramic culture.

China has a rich ceramic culture in history, from the ancient Bronze Age to the green glazed pottery of the Shang and Zhou dynasties, to the porcelain of the Han and Tang and Song dynasties, China's ceramic craft has continued to innovate and develop. China's ceramic making technology is well-known around the world and has had a profound impact on the global ceramic making process.

Ancient humans have already invented and started to use pottery in ancient times, and it is impossible to determine when ceramics were invented.

The invention and development history of ceramics are as follows:

The Shang and Zhou dynasties were a gradual stage of transition from pottery to porcelain, and it was also the stage of development of primitive celadon. At that time, some pottery used kaolin as the raw material of the fetus, which increased the firing temperature and made the fetal quality firm and impermeable; On the other hand, it also makes the color of the fetus change from dark to light, and improves the degree of cleanliness. The surface of the vessel is covered with a layer of high-temperature glaze made of grass ash and porcelain stone, and after the above high-temperature firing, the tire glaze is combined together, so that the utensils have the conditions of porcelain.

However, at that time, the production process level was low, and there was still a certain amount of iron in the tire, which was sintered at a slightly lower temperature, with a darker color and poor light transmittance. It has a certain originality.

During the Eastern Han Dynasty, the original celadon was finely made, and the tire was mostly gray-white, and the glazing method had been changed to the glaze dipping method, and the daily utensils of life such as bowls and plates were used. Pot. Handicap pots and so on have become mainstream.

The Eastern Han celadon is very similar to the original celadon in terms of shape and decoration, but it is fundamentally different in terms of the chemical composition of the glaze and the firing temperature. The Eastern Han celadon fetal is dense and hard, the tire color is mostly gray-white or light blue-gray, the degree of porcelain is high, and the percussion sound is crisp. The glaze layer is uniform, the tire glaze is tightly combined, and only a few have the phenomenon of peeling glaze and accumulating glaze; The glaze is green, and some are greenish, but the glaze is uniform.

The use of porcelain was more widespread in the Tang Dynasty, and porcelain firing technology developed rapidly. Porcelain tea sets, tableware, wine utensils, stationery, toys, musical instruments, and practical bottles, pots, and pots are almost everything. The ceramic shape of the Five Dynasties followed the style of the Tang Dynasty more.

No one invented it, it can only be said that people slowly formed in the use of convenient life, pottery has a long history, and simple and rough pottery has been seen in the Neolithic Age.

Pottery refers to the clay as the fetus, after hand kneading, wheel making, molding and other methods of processing, after the 800-1000 high temperature baking of the article, the body is opaque, microporous, with water absorption, the sound of knocking is unclear. Pottery can be distinguished as fine pottery and stoneware, white or colored, unglazed or glazed. Varieties include gray pottery, red pottery, white pottery, painted pottery and black pottery.

It has a strong sense of life and a unique artistic style. As early as the Shang Dynasty in China, glazed pottery and hard glazed pottery with porcelain properties have appeared. There are many kinds of expressions in pottery, including animals, pavilions, and utensils used in daily life.

The invention of pottery is an important process of human civilization, and it is the first time that human beings use natural objects and create a new thing according to their own will. Judging from the pottery shards of the late Paleolithic period found in the Nihewan area of Yangyuan County, Hebei Province, the production of pottery in China has a long history of more than 11,700 years.

More than 10,000 years ago, according to legend, "You Dow" discovered the soil in a fire, and the high temperature fire became hard and invented the pottery making technology! Thus began the Pottery Age, which also marked the end of the Stone Age. It has laid the foundation for the formation of pottery characters, pottery mounds and surname Tao!