What liquid is used for gastric lavage and what is the choice of gastric lavage

Briefly describe the choice of gastric lavage.

A:Those who are deficient in poison and deficiency can use warm boiled water or normal saline to wash the stomach, and if the type of poison is known, the appropriate antidote substance or gastric lavage can be added to the corresponding antidote.

1) Antidote: through neutralization, oxidation, precipitation and other reactions with the poison remaining in the body, the poison loses its toxicity, such as sleeping pill poisoning, it can be equipped with 1:5000 potassium permanganate solution gastric lavage;

2) Dissolving agent: when taking organic solvents such as gasoline and kerosene, you can first use 150 200ml of liquid paraffin to dissolve it without being absorbed, and then carry out gastric lavage;

3) Neutralizing agent: patients with strong acid and strong alkali poisoning can use weak alkali and weak acid drugs to neutralize the poison respectively;

4) Protectant: For poisoning by swallowing corrosive poisons, you can take about 200ml of egg white, milk or vegetable oil with water, these three liquids can not only dilute the poison but also protect the mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract;

5) Adsorbent: Activated carbon is a powerful adsorbent, which can be used with 20 30g and 200ml of water to be injected by the gastric tube.

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The most commonly used gastric lavage is 37 40 warm boiled water, and normal saline, 1:5000 potassium permanganate solution, 2% sodium bicarbonate solution, etc.

Items and equipment: 1) The most commonly used gastric lavage is 37 40 warm boiled water, and normal saline, 1:5000 potassium permanganate solution, 2% sodium bicarbonate solution, etc.;

2) 1 set of gastric lavage tray includes a thick gastric tube or funnel gastric lavage, a 50ml or 100ml syringe, an opener, tongue forceps, paraffin oil, curved spring draft gauze, ** towel, and rubber cloth;

3) Other measuring cups, buckets, and inspection specimen bottles. Those who are able to do so should prepare an electric gastric lavage.

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Indications and contraindications:

1. Oral ingestion of toxic substances.

Anyone who ingests various toxic substances by mouth, such as pesticides, overdoses, and food poisoning, should be gastric lavage as soon as possible in order to quickly remove the poisons.

2. Examination or preoperative preparation.

Patients with pyloric obstruction with large amounts of gastric fluid retention need to be prepared for barium swallow or surgery, and catheter aspiration and lavage should be placed in patients with acute gastric distension requiring expulsion of gastric contents and decompression.

3. Gastric lavage is contraindicated for patients who ingest strong corrosive agents (such as strong acids and alkalis). Gastric lavage in patients with esophageal varices and aortic aneurysms should be cautious.

40 warm boiled water or saline. These two are the most commonly used and effective and safe, and can be used for acute poisoning of unknown cause, and after the poison is identified, the targeted gastric lavage is used. It should be noted that when using warm boiled water, be careful with large amounts of water gastric lavage induced hyponatremia.

5000 potassium permanganate solution. It has oxidative and detoxification effects on alkaloids and muscarinic substances, but it is forbidden to be used for gastric lavage in patients with parathion poisoning.

Sodium bicarbonate solution. It is often used for organophosphorus pesticides and other poisoning, but it should be noted that it should not be used for trichlorfon, salicylate and strong acid poisoning.

What are the commonly used gastric lavage? This is chosen according to the toxic substance ingested. Generally, there is 1 5000 potassium permanganate solution, 2% sodium bicarbonate solution, normal saline or warm boiled water, and the use of warm boiled water should be careful of hyponatremia induced by gastric lavage with a large amount of water.

.Gastric lavage is most commonly used in warm boiled water, which is effective and safe, and 2% sodium bicarbonate solution is often used for organophosphorus pesticide poisoning, but it should be noted that it should not be used for trichlorfon, salicylate and strong acid poisoning; 1:5000 potassium permanganate solution has oxidative and detoxifying effect on alkaloids and muscarinic substances, but it is forbidden to be used for gastric lavage in parathion poisoning.

Therefore, the choice of gastric lavage should be considered according to different poisons, and only water is the most widespread.

5.The amount of gastric lavage should not be too much each time, and generally 300 500ml should be aspirated each time. In particular, when the positive pressure of the motor is used to feed the gastric lavage solution, it should be closely observed, and when it reaches 500ml, the positive pressure will be turned off and changed to negative pressure suction, and the operator should not open the scene after the machine is turned on, so as to prevent the perfusion volume from being too large to cause acute gastric expansion and even gastric perforation, and too much perfusion at one time is also easy to cause a large amount of poison to enter the intestine and increase the absorption of poisons.

The use of an electric gastric lavage machine should also add gastric lavage to the bottle at any time to avoid sending too much air into the stomach. When ulcer disease is combined with throttle obstruction gastric lavage, the amount of lavage should be small and the pressure should be low to prevent perforation or bleeding.

It is mostly used for patients who have ingested harmful substances by mistake or by themselves. Because the patient is often mentally shocked or afraid of gastric lavage, it leads to special psychological changes in the patient.

Contraindications to gastric lavage are patients with strong corrosive poisons, gasoline, kerosene, upper gastrointestinal bleeding, esophageal varices, and severe heart disease.

Gastric tube: The front of the gastric tube is coated with paraffin oil, and the tube is intubated through the mouth and nose, after entering 45 to 50cm, the correct position of the intubation is determined by withdrawing gastric juice or injecting air into the gastric area to hear a grunt sound, and the gastric tube is fixed.

Gastric lavage: first drain the gastric contents (for poison analysis), inject 300 500ml of liquid, and inject antidotes and activated carbon after cleaning.

Gastric lavage solution: corrosive poisons with milk, egg whites, rice soup, vegetable oil and other gastric mucosal protectors;Gasoline, kerosene and other fat-soluble organic solvents are first dissolved with 150 200ml of liquid paraffin oil, and then gastric lavage;Alkaloids, sulfonamides, barbiturates, salicylic acids, phenol, arsenic and other poisons can be adsorbed with 30 50g of activated carbon1: 5000 potassium permanganate solution can be used as an oxidant to oxidize and detoxify alkaloids and mushrooms.