What kind of jade is the Heshi Bi we are talking about?

In this regard, we should start from the story recorded in the article "Han Feizi 6 1 Heshi" in the Warring States Period, which probably means that a jade expert named Bian He in Chu State got a piece of jade (introduced later) and presented it to the King of Chu Zhuang, Wang ordered Yugong to check, but Yugong said that it was just a stone, and the King of Chu was angry and cut off Bian He's left foot for the crime of bullying the king, and later King Wu ascended the throne, Bian He went to offer jade again, and Yugong still said that it was a stone, and Bian He was cut off his right foot again. When King Wen ascended the throne, he learned that Bian He was crying bitterly at the foot of Chu Mountain with Puyu in his arms, crying dry tears until he cried blood, King Wen asked what was going on, and replied: I didn't cry that my feet were cut off, but that I cried that such a piece of jade was treated as a stone, and I was loyal to the jade but was called a sinner who deceived the king.

In the end, King Wen ordered someone to open the jade, and the fruit showed the treasure jade, and named it "He's Bi".

The jade pu here refers to the "uncut jade", which is the outer layer of the surrounding rock or skin of the jade. "Han Feizi 6 1 Heshi" recorded that "the king made the jade people take care of their purity and get treasures." It means that after the king asked the jade worker to remove the outer layer of the jade, he saw the inner layer of beautiful jade.

It can be seen from this that the Heshi bi mentioned in this ancient text is a kind of jade with epidermis, which was originally also a kind of jade. But later, according to Du Guangting's "Records of Differences", some experts said: "He's Bi Nai" The essence of the star fell into Jingshan and turned into jade.

If you look at it from the side, it will be blue, and if you look at it from the side, it will be white"。This means that the Harmony is white from the front and turquoise from the side, and the color is different from the two directions. Therefore, some scholars believe that He's Bi is a kind of labradorite, labradorite is the most important gemstone of the plagioclase family, and its allure is that you can see the color of the color spots through the surface of the gemstone.

Large pieces of labradorite show the best of this effect, known as shimmering color, which is due to the layered structure. The color change is mainly green and blue.

I don't know what kind of jade He's bi is, because He's bi has been lost, what the real He's bi looks like, people today can't know what it looks like, and can only imagine it through the description in the limited written records (including literary creation). However, judging from the story of Qin Shi Huang using He's bi to make the imperial seal, compared with the unearthed conventional cultural relics, at least in terms of appearance, there should be a significant difference. According to preliminary estimates, the thickness of Heshibi is at least 10 centimeters (cm, cm), and it is not a ring-shaped jade worn by ancient Confucian scholars, and it is even likely that Heshibi is just a simple and rough-processed jade.

At the same time, because it is said that He's bi was made into a national imperial seal by Qin Shi Huang, and with the change of dynasties, the imperial seal is said to have been lost after the Tang Dynasty, and the original style of He's bi is basically impossible to know.

He's Bi is a famous jade in Chinese history, and in its hundreds of years, it has been regarded as a "priceless treasure" of the "treasure of the world", also known as He's Bi, Jing Yu, Jing Hong, Jing Bi, Hebi, and Pu. It is a treasure of the world.

The famous allusions related to He's Bi are returned to Zhao, telling the story of Handan's name Lin Xiangru helping the country regain Heshibi and returning to the ancient capital Handan completely.

In memory of Bian He.

This is the tragic story of more than 2,000 years ago, the State of Chu.

When Bian He was chopping wood in Jingshan, he found a piece of jade, so he offered the treasure to King Chu Li, who asked people to identify and draw the conclusion that it was an ordinary stone. King Li was furious and ordered the left kneecap to be cut off. When it came to King Wu of Chu.

ascended the throne, Bian He once again brought jade to offer treasures, and King Wu found someone to identify again and still gave the same conclusion, so he angrily cut off his right kneecap.

Time passed, and King Wu collapsed.

Bian He hugged Baoyu and cried at the foot of Jing Mountain, three days and nights, tears dried up and blood was replaced. King Wen sent an envoy to inquire, and Bian He said, "I am not sad for the torture I have suffered, but sad that no one can recognize the precious jade", so King Wen asked people to open the jade and found that it was indeed a rare treasure jade, and named it "He's Bi".

Historical stories. King Zhao got the treasure jade and clan bi of Chu State, and the king of Qin Zhao.

If you want to take it, ask for fifteen cities in exchange. King Zhao didn't want to give it to him, and he was afraid of the Qin State.

powerful; Give it to him, and I'm afraid of being deceived by King Qin.

Then he asked for Lin Xiangru.

Lin Xiangru said to King Zhao: "The Qin State used the city to exchange for the treasure jade, and the Great Chan did not allow the king, which is our grievance." And we gave him Baoyu, but he didn't give us the city, it was Qin Guoli.

Weighing and thinking about the two strategies, I think it is better to let the Qin state be morally inferior to us. I am willing to support Heqiao Nabaoyu to go, if the Qin State does not hand over the city, I will definitely be able to return to Zhao completely. ”

The king of Zhao sent him there. Lin Xiangru arrived in the Qin State and saw that the King of Qin had no real intention to exchange the city for the Zhao State.

Baoyu coaxed the King of Qin, retrieved He's Bi, sent his entourage to hide in his arms, sneaked back to Zhao from the trail, and he himself stayed at the disposal of the King of Qin. In desperation, King Qin had no choice but to praise Lin Xiangru's virtuous ability, not only did not kill him, but treated him politely and sent him back to China. Lin Xiangru returned to Zhao, and the king of Zhao named him a doctor.

Time passed, King Wu collapsed and Wang Li, Bian He hugged Baoyu and cried at the foot of Jing Mountain, three days and nights, tears dried up and replaced them with blood.

King Wen sent an envoy to inquire, and Bian He said, "I am not sad for the torture I have suffered, but sad that no one can recognize the precious jade", so King Wen asked people to open the jade and found that it was indeed a rare treasure jade, and named it "He's Bi".

During the Spring and Autumn Period, there was a jade master named Bian He in the state of Chu, who obtained a piece of jade in Jingshan (now in Nanzhang County, Xiangyang City, Hubei Province). Bian He took the jade to see King Chu Li, and King Li ordered the jade worker to check it, and the jade worker said that it was just a stone. King Li was furious and cut off Bian He's left foot for the crime of bullying the king.

King Li died, King Wu ascended the throne, Bian He took the jade to see King Wu again, King Wu ordered Yugong to check, Yugong still said that it was just a stone, and Bian He lost his right foot because of this. King Wu died, King Wen ascended the throne, Bian He hugged Puyu and cried bitterly for three days and three nights under Chu Mountain, the tears dried up, and then blood flowed out. When King Wen learned about it, he sent someone to ask why, and Bian He said

I did not cry that my feet had been cut off, but that the treasure jade was made a stone, and that the faithful were treated as a deceitful, and that they were punished without sin. So, King Wen ordered someone to dissect this piece of jade, and saw that it was really a rare jade, and named it He's Bi.

Because it was discovered by Bian He first, and in order to sacrifice this piece of jade, he suffered humiliation and torture, in order to commemorate him, so it was named Heshi jade.

Because this gem is very rare and has an extraordinary origin, it is recognized as a treasure in the world and is invaluable.

It is said that this piece was discovered by a person named "Bian He".

Because it was Bian He who discovered it first.

1. What kind of jade is He's Bi, there is no accurate statement so far, and different schools have different conjectures.

2. The one that has reached the treasure level in the yellow wax stone is now called Huanglongyu. According to the Chinese jade culture - Ka and jade mining Sanqing Mountain. The history is called Huaiyu Mountain, because the country has a jade master at that time, everyone thinks that it is an ordinary river pebble, so that Bian and the second execution, Huaiyu Mountain does not produce other jade, so it is Huanglongyu, and now according to the historical facts, experts are identified as mining in Sanqing Mountain, Jiangxi today.

3. Change color. Hao Yongwei, a geoarchaeologist and a member of the China Gems and Jade Association, announced in 1986 at the National Geological History Academic Conference with the title of "Exploring the Source of He's Bi": "He's Bi is a moonstone, which is produced in the area of Bancangping and Yinyu River, the source of the frustrated water in the west of Shennongjia, where Bian and Baopu were ......It has been affirmed and praised by scholars and experts in China's geology, archaeology and gemstone circles, and has caused a great sensation at home and abroad.

In 1998, there was also a special article in "China Gems and Jade". After years of research, the late Professor Yuan Kuirong, an internationally renowned geologist and expert in gems and ornamental stones, reproduced a Heshi bi with color-changing labradorite as raw material, reproducing the original appearance of the thousand-year-old seal.

4. Turquoise. Du Guangting of the Tang Dynasty said in "Records of Differences": "The essence of the hidden stars fell into Jingshan Mountain, turned into jade, the color of the side view is blue, and the color of the right view is white."

Tao Zongyi of the Yuan Dynasty said in the "Record of Dropping Out of Nancun": "The color of the jade seal of the country is green and mysterious, and it is brilliant. According to Du Guangting's Du Guangting's "Lu Yi Ji" and Tao Zongyi's "Nancun Dropout Record" of the Yuan Dynasty, the description of the color phenomenon of He's Bi, it is believed that the "He's Bi" produced in the boundary of Jingzhou, Hubei Province, can be interpreted as turquoise rock, commonly known as "Xiangyang Dianzi".

Because turquoise is a special jade of Hubei, it is within the boundaries of the so-called Jingzhou in ancient times, and turquoise usually has a layer of skin. Gem experts Li Qiang and Li Haiying also advocate this view. Li Qiang in the article "He's Bi is Turquoise", and Li Haiying in the article "He's Bi is not labradorite but turquoise", believes that He's Bi is turquoise.

5. Dushan jade. In April 2008, ** TV broadcast a series of special programs "Duyu Spring and Autumn", pointing out that "He's bi was processed into a jade seal to replace the lost Xia Ding to become the treasure of the Qin Dynasty, which may be the most glorious history of Nanyang Dushan jade." ”

6. Rare agate. Mr. Tang Wei created a theory about the material of the national treasure and the bi, which is a rare and rare green agate of the fetus.

As a national treasure in ancient China, the value of He's Biyu is immeasurable. He's Biyu is not only of historical and cultural value, but also of artistic and collectible value. In terms of art, the texture of He's Biyu is natural, the color is warm, it is a fine product in traditional Chinese arts and crafts, and it is an important part of Chinese culture.

In terms of collection, He's Biyu is one of the most precious jade objects in the world, and its value is constantly rising, making it a treasure that collectors are chasing.

The history of Heshi Biyu can be traced back to the Warring States period in China, with a history of more than 2,500 years. According to legend, He's Biyu was originally a valuable wedding gift from the prince of Zhao and the princess of Qin. Later, He's Biyu was acquired by Zhao and became a national treasure of Zhao.

With the changes of history, He's jade has been treasured by many dynasties such as Qin, Han, Tang, Song, Ming and Qing, and is known as "the first jade in the world".

To sum up, Heshi Biyu is one of the most famous jade artifacts in ancient China and one of the most precious jade artifacts in the world. He's Biyu has a long history, and its value is immeasurable. As an important part of Chinese culture, the value of He's jade continues to rise, and it is a treasure sought after by collectors.

The history of Heshi Biyu can be traced back to the Warring States period in China, with a history of more than 2,500 years. According to legend, He's Biyu was originally a wedding gift given by the prince of Zhao and the princess of Qin. Later, He's Biyu was sold by Zhao Guo and became a national treasure of Zhao State.

With the changes of history, He's jade has been treasured by many dynasties such as Qin, Han, Tang, Song, Ming and Qing, and is known as "the first jade in the world".

Since the Heshi Bi has been lost, what the real Heshi Bi looks like and what kind of jade it is made of is no longer known today, and can only be imagined through the description in the limited written records. He's Bi, a famous jade in Chinese history, is also known as He's Bi, Jing Yu, Jing Hong, Jing Bi, Hebi, and Hepu, which is a treasure in the world. When it was first excavated, it was called Wei, and since then, the rough stone of the jade that has not been processed is called Wei.

According to preliminary estimates, the thickness of the Heshi bi is at least 10 centimeters, and it is not the ring-shaped jade worn by the ancient Confucian scholars. It is even more likely that Heshibi is just a simple and rough processed jade. At the same time, because it is said that the He's bi was made into a jade seal by Qin Shi Huang, and with the change of dynasties, the jade seal is said to have been lost after the Tang Dynasty, and the original style of the He's bi is basically impossible to know.

He's Bi is the treasure of ancient China, unparalleled in the world, is revered as a symbol, the jade of Jingshan, the pearl of the spirit snake (i.e. the pearl of Hebi Sui) is a magical treasure, the national treasure is a priceless treasure, not the value of the city can be described.

So, where did Jian Hong end up and where did he go? At present, there are two speculations: the first is that the Heshi Bi was buried in the mausoleum of Qin Shi Huang as a burial object, and was not passed down to future generations as a jade seal.

If this is the case, one day in the future, when the underground palace of the Qin Shi Huang Mausoleum is excavated, we will also have the opportunity to see the style of He's Bi. Another speculation is that He's Bi may have been lost in the late Qin War or plundered by Xiang Yu. At the end of Qin, Xiang Yu led his troops to attack Xianyang, burned Qin palaces, excavated Qin tombs, and plundered treasures and beauties, and He's Bi may be among them.

But in the subsequent Chu-Han War, Xiang Yu was defeated, and the whereabouts of He's Bi were unknown.

Finish back to Zhao

After the appearance of the Dounai and Shibi, they became the national treasure of the Chu State and never showed it easily. Later, the state of Chu proposed to the state of Zhao, so that the family of Hebi came to the state of Zhao. In 283 B.C., King Zhaoxiang of Qin heard that Zhao had a and a clan, and proposed to exchange 15 cities, because Zhao was weak and Qin was strong, Zhao did not dare to slacken, but was reluctant, so he sent Lin Xiangru, who was wise and resourceful, to make Qin.

Lin Xiangru knew that there was fraud in it, and secretly sent He's Bi back to Zhao.