High School Biology Ribosomes, High School Biology Biological Nucleic Acids Ribonucleic Acid Differe

Synthesis of proteins requires certain enzymes, and the composition of ribosomes requires certain structural proteins, so it has proteins; In addition, ribosomal RNA: that is, RRNA, is the most abundant class of RNA, and it is also the largest class of RNA with the largest relative molecular mass among the 3 types of RNA (tRNA, mRNA, RRNA), which combines with proteins to form ribosomes, and its function is to act as a scaffold for mRNA, so that mRNA molecules can be on it, to achieve protein synthesis, for the integrity of the function, he must have RNA.

Evolution decides, I don't know why...

What do you mean by why, that's a fact. Are you asking how ribosomes are made up of RNA or proteins?

Ribosomes have a membrane-free structure and are mainly composed of proteins (40%) and RNA (60%). Ribosomes are divided into two categories according to the sedimentation coefficient, one (70s) is found in prokaryotes such as bacteria and the other (80s) is found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. Some of them float inside the cell, and some of them clump together.

Ribosomal proteins in this segment.

Proteins that make up ribosomes. The primary structure of the Escherichia coli ribosomal protein was determined. The 30S subunit of Escherichia coli ribosome contains 21 proteins from S1 to S21, and the 50S subunit contains 34 proteins from L1 to L34.

These proteins have all been isolated and purified. The molecular weight is about 10,000 to 30,000. All basic proteins except S6, L7, and L12 are basic.

These proteins are immunologically independent, with only L7 and L12 showing cross-reactivity with each other. L7 is known to be the same protein as L12, and the N-terminus of L7 is acetylated. The primary structure of several proteins has been determined.

Proteins whose functions have been well defined are as follows: S1: the same substance as factor I (interfering factor) of protein synthesis and the subunit of Q replicase, which can bind to mRNA; s4：

a product of the RAM (ribosomal pun on ribosomal ambiguity) gene; S5: product of SPC spectinomycin resistance gene; S12: product of STR (streptomycin resistance) gene; l7、l12：

There are interactions with polypeptide chain elongation factors tu and g, as well as with initiation factors and termination factors. L11: peptidyl transferase.

That's the mystery of biology, and there's no why.

RNA is also called RNA

RNA is made up of ribonucleotides condensed by phosphoester bonds to form a long chain molecule. A ribonucleotide molecule is made up of phosphoric acid, ribose sugar, and bases. There are 4 main bases of RNA, namely A adenine, G guanine, C cytosine, and Uracil, among which, U (uracil) replaces T in DNA. Hope.

The only substances synthesized in ribosomes are proteins. In fact, the title is asking: what is the function of proteins?

It is not possible for a protein to carry a genetic codon.

It is messenger RNA (mRNA) that carries the genetic codon

A, which regulates life activities, is the function of enzymes and protein hormones, and carries the genetic code is mRNA

c. Proteins can be broken down to provide energy.

d, is a protein carrier on the cell membrane.

The genetic codon is messenger RNA, which is not synthesized by ribosomes, it is derived from DNA.

The other three are the functions of proteins synthesized by ribosomes.

Ribosomes are where proteins are synthesized, and ACD is a function that proteins have. Carrying the genetic codon should be mRNA, which is synthesized in the nucleus of the cell and is transcribed.

The answer is correct, because the components of ribosomes are RNA and proteins, and influenza A virus is a virus, with only genetic material and shell, and influenza A virus genetic material is RNA, without DNA, and the shell is protein, so the two are similar. B error, a wide range of enzymes can be divided into species, one is RNA enzyme, the other is protein asparase, protein enzyme synthesis on ribosomes, but RNA enzymes are directly produced by transcription in the nucleus, without ribosomal processing, so it can only be said that most of the enzymes are synthesized on ribosomes, not all. c Correct, cells with cellular structures have ribosomes (viruses have no cellular structures with high foci, so there are none).

D is correct, this is not easy to explain, it belongs to the content of memorization, a common sentence: cells with vigorous protein synthesis have large nucleoli.

Somatic cell nuclear transfer, also known as somatic cell cloning, is a common technical means of animal cell engineering technology, that is, the somatic cells are transferred into the enucleated oocyte, so that they can be recombined and can develop into a new embryo, and the embryo will eventually develop into an animal individual. Animals obtained with the nuclear transfer method are called cloned animals.

Somatic cell nuclear transplantation:

Also known as somatic cell cloning, as a common technical means of animal cell engineering technology, that is, the somatic cells are transferred into the enucleated oocyte, so that they can be recombined and can develop into a new embryo, and the embryo will eventually develop into an animal individual.

This is a technique in which the nucleus of somatic cells is transferred into an enucleated oocyte to obtain a new embryo.

It is the implantation of a somatic nucleus into an enucleated egg cell.

It's the transplantation of a cell into the body....

Amino acids are collectively referred to as polypeptides.

The function of ribosomes is to translate the nucleotide sequence on the mRNA into the amino acid sequence on the polypeptide chain. Therefore, it is the assembly machine of the peptide chain, that is, the site of intracellular protein synthesis, and the proteins synthesized by the cell can be divided into two categories: transfusion proteins and endogenous proteins.

Exotic proteins: mainly synthesized on sessile ribosomes and secreted into the extracellular to play a role; Endogenous proteins: also known as structural proteins, are proteins that are used in the cell itself or in the structure that makes up itself.

The polymerization of amino acids on ribosomes is the main content of synthesis, which can be divided into: the initiation of polypeptide chain and the elongation of polypeptide chain.

Ribosomes synthesize amino acids into polypeptide chains.

In addition to peptide chains, it seems that certain RNA can also be synthesized.

I don't know if it's active transportation and requires energy.

Chloroplasts, photosynthesis is produced by water. Ribosomal amino acid dehydration. Centrosomes do not.

No, only the cell wall, colored vacuoles, chloroplasts, stained mitochondria, and other organelles such as the Golgi apparatus and lysosomes are not visible under the light microscope.

The constituent cell element accounts for the most fresh weight, and oxygen is the most numerous, while the living cells of the human body have the largest number of hydrogen atoms.

Are you sure the first one is wrong?