Characteristics of wild rice

Wild rice is completely untended by humans and relies purely on its own vitality to thrive. One of its seedlings can grow for many years. It does not rely on seeds, but on underground rhizomes to reproduce.

During its growth, no one loosens the soil and fertilizes it, and no one comes to irrigate and spray pesticides. In the ups and downs of nature, it has completed its own evolutionary process in a unique way.

Wild rice has a large number of excellent genes, including disease resistance, insect resistance, weed resistance genes, and stress resistance genes, as well as high-efficiency nutrition genes and high-yield and high-quality genes. Wild rice is a perennial herbaceous plant.

A recent joint comparative study by China Agricultural University shows that modern cultivated rice has lost about 1 3 alleles and half of its genotypes compared with ordinary wild rice, including a large number of excellent genes, including disease resistance, insects, weeds and stress resistance genes, as well as high-efficiency nutrition genes and high-yield and high-quality genes.

Cultivated rice is generally annual, while common wild rice is a perennial herbaceous plant. The pollen of cultivated rice and ordinary wild rice generally has stamens and pistils at the same time, and the pollen abortion found by Yuan Longping refers to the pollen with intact pistils and aborted stamens. Yuan Longping used the pistils of this common wild rice as the female parent, and then used the stamens of cultivated rice as the male parent for crossing, so that the hybrid rice can have the genes of both wild rice and cultivated rice.

The hybrid rice bred by Yuan Longping happened to inherit the high-yield and high-quality genes of ordinary wild rice.

Medicinal wild rice, scientific name: Oryza officinalis wall ex watt

Family name: Gramineae

Degree of protection:

Status: Growing Danger and Seeding. This species has sporadic distribution in southern China, and the chromosome group is CC type, which is a diploid plant, and needs to be protected as a wild related germplasm gene of cultivated rice.

Conservation measures: Adaptation protection in the production areas of medicinal wild rice. Fu coarse.

It is distributed in hilly mountains and alluvial areas and gully edges in the middle and lower part of mountain slopes. It is a warm, rainy and humid short-excitation hall with sunshine plants, which are born in a hilly woodland environment, and are suitable for growing on fertile sandy loam soil with shade, rich humus and pH value of about 6. In larger rivers, ponds, ditches, deep water layers and unshaded places, it is not suitable for growth, so it is different from rice and ordinary wild rice.

Distribution: Western Guangdong; India; Sikkim; Myanmar; Thailand; Indochina.

Conservation value: Medicinal wild rice can be used as a wild related germplasm gene for cultivated rice.