Who is the representative of genetic determinism in history?

Its founder was Galton.

Genetic determinism holds that cognitive development is determined by innate genes, that the process of human development is nothing more than the process of the ego of these intrinsic genetic factors, and that the role of the environment is only to trigger, promote or delay the realization of this process. Galton, its founder, typically said: "A man's abilities are hereditary, and they are determined by heredity, just as the form and somatic tissues of all organisms are genetically determined."

Genetic determinism overemphasizes the role of innate genetic factors in children's cognitive development, while ignoring the important role of environment and education in children's cognitive development.

Galton is the founder of the school of biostatistics, and after the publication of his cousin Darwin's magnum opus "The Origin of Species", he was inspired to use statistical methods to study the genetic evolution of intelligence, and for the first time applied mathematical methods such as the principles of probability and statistics to biological science, and clearly put forward the term "biostatistics". Now that the concepts of "correlation" and "regression" in statistics were first used by Galton, how did he come up with them? In 1870, while studying the heredity of human length, Galton discovered the following relationship:

Children of tall parents tend to be taller than their parents, while children of short parents tend to be taller than their parents, i.e., they tend to "regress" to the mean, which is what "regression" means when statistics first appear. Galton revealed the usefulness of statistical methods in biological research, introduced the concepts of regression lines, correlation coefficients, and initiated regression analysis. It is a precedent for biostatistics research.

In 1889, in Nature Heredity, he used the percentile method and the quartile deviation method instead of the dispersion measure. In the present stochastic process there is the Galton-Watson process (g-w process for short) named after his surname

Galton, Hall, James, Developmental Psychology Chapter 1, I'm sure!

Representatives of genetic determinism are:

1、f.Galton: The founder of genetic determinism was the British F

Galton. In 1869 he published The Genius of Heredity, in which he said: "A man's faculties are inherited to the same extent as the form and organization of all organisms."

2. Bühler: It is believed that the process of children's psychological development is a rhythmic movement process of children's internal qualities towards their own goals, and the external environment only plays a role in promoting and delaying this process, but cannot change this process.

3. Jensen (1969) summarized his more than 100 studies in 8 countries and proposed that 80% of a person's IQ is genetic.

4. British psychologist Eysenck: believes that 60% and 70% of geniuses are determined by genetics and 30% by environment.

5. Hall: advocates the repetition of speech, which regards the development of children in the fetal period and after birth as the repetition of animal and human evolution, respectively. He once said, "One or two genetics are worth a ton of education." ”

The views of genetic determinism include that psychological development is determined by genetic factors, that the process of psychological development is the natural manifestation of genetic qualities, and that the environment can only promote or delay the self-emergence of genetic qualities.

Genetic determinism was one of the main Western views on children's psychological development from the second half of the 19th century to the early 20th century. Genetic determinists one-sidedly emphasize the role of heredity in children's psychological development, believing that children's psychological development is determined by innate and unchanging heredity.

The process of children's psychological development is the process of self-development and self-exposure of these congenital heredities, which has nothing to do with external influences and education, and even if external influences and education play a role in children's psychological development, at most they can only promote or delay the self-development and self-exposure of qualities, and cannot change its essence.

Genetic determinism is represented by Francis Galton (1822-1911), the founder of eugenics in England, who believed that the development of an individual and its character are determined in the genes of germ cells, and that development is only a natural factor of internal factors, and that environment and education only play a triggering role.

The founder of genetic determinism was F. Galton of England. In 1869 he published The Genius of Heredity, in which he said: "A man's faculties are hereditary, and are determined by heredity to the same extent as the form and tissues of all organisms are determined by heredity."

Bühler believed that the process of children's psychological development is a rhythmic movement of children's internal qualities towards their own ends, and the external environment only plays a role in promoting and delaying this process, but cannot change this process.

1. Büller. Bühler is an Austrian psychologist who believes that the process of children's psychological development is the process of rhythmic movement of children's internal qualities towards their own ends, and the external environment only plays a role in promoting and delaying the process of trouser shifting, but cannot change this process.

2. Francis Galton.

The founder of genetic determinism, published the book "The Genius of Heredity" in 1869, which advocated that a person's ability is derived by heredity, and that it is determined by heredity to the same extent as the form and organization of all organisms.

He introduced quantitative analysis methods into genetic research. This approach is put to full play in Hereditary Genius. For example, he examined 286 judges in England between 1660 and 1865 and found that 109 of them, belonging to 85 different families, had relatives listed in the 1865 edition of the Dictionary of Who's Hands.

3. Stanley Hall.

American psychologist Stanley Hall advocated that the development process of a man after birth is a repetition of the evolution of the human race, with the characteristics of ancient human ancestors in childhood, the characteristics of the Middle Ages in adolescence, and the psychological characteristics of modern humans in youth. From the point of view of the evolutionary history of germline, the genetic traits exhibited early in an individual's life are older than those exhibited later.

4. Buehler. The German psychologist Bühler believes that the process of children's psychological development is a rhythmic movement of children's internal qualities towards their own goals, and the external environment only plays a role in promoting or delaying this process, but cannot change this process.

5. Eysenck.

British psychologist Eysenck believes that individual differences in personality are mainly caused by genetics. People in different countries and different cultural backgrounds, due to the dominant role of biological factors, the three basic characteristics of personality, i.e., introversion, neuroticism and mental quality, maintain considerable stability throughout a person's life.

Looks. Height.

**Color. It's all written in the genes. But each of us has our own unique personalities, interests, and strengths and weaknesses.

So, where do these character traits come from? Some psychologists believe that all of our personalities, styles of behavior, and even our life choices have been engraved in our genes. Our lives are determined by genetics, and this is "genetic determinism".

This doctrine completely discardes the influence of the external environment on us, and regards genetics as very important.

Second, the text. Genetic determinism refers to the fact that an individual's traits and behaviors are determined by genes rather than by the environment. This means that our height, body type, IQ, personality, etc., may be determined by our genes.

In life, we can see the spine from the people around us to this point. For example, some people are naturally tall, while others are shorter; Some people are smart and smart, while others are comparatively dumber. It is possible that these traits are determined by their genes.

Manifestations of genetic determinism are also ubiquitous on campus. For example, some students are very good at their studies, while others are more difficult. It is also possible that these differences are determined by their genes. Of course, the impact of the environment is also a factor that cannot be ignored.

In the workplace, we can also see the influence of genetic determinism. For example, some people are naturally leaders, while others are better suited to technical jobs. It is also possible that these traits are determined by their genes.

However, we also cannot completely deny the impact of the environment. Environmental influences also have an impact on an individual's traits and behavior. For example, when a person is growing up, he or she may become more intelligent and clever if he is well educated and nurtured; And if a person is affected by poverty, malnutrition and other adverse environments in the process of growing up, it may affect the development of his height, IQ and other aspects.

3. Expansion. The movie "Gene Clip" is a good popular science movie, which tells the story of a scientist who uses genetic technology to create a group of super humans. These humans possess superhuman intelligence, strength, and endurance, and are able to overcome many diseases.

However, these superhumans also face many problems, such as moral, ethical, and other issues. The film vividly demonstrates the concept of genetic determinism and makes us think about the moral and ethical aspects of genetic engineering.

IV. Conclusion. Genetic determinism is an interesting topic that gives us a deeper understanding of ourselves and the people around us. Heredity may leave us the good in our parents, so that we can carry out a better quality of life with our parents' respective points.

However, we also cannot completely deny the impact of the environment. We need to find a balance between genetics and environment to allow ourselves to develop better. At the same time, we also need to seriously consider the moral and ethical issues in the field of genetic engineering, so that scientific Liangjube technology can better benefit mankind.

Francis Galton, born on February 16, 1822 and died on January 17, 1911, focused on the study of individual differences, studying the causes of individual differences from the perspective of heredity, and pioneered eugenics.

When Francis Galton studied individual differences, he emphasized that heredity is the cause of individual differences. Through pedigree investigation, the relationship between genetic factors and individual differences was demonstrated, and he was the first person to clearly put forward the proposition of ordinary ability and special ability. After investigating the genealogies of British prime ministers, generals, writers, and scientists in the 100 years from 1768 to 1868, it was found that ordinary ability was inherited.

Francis Hypertonic Front.

Genetic determinism" is ().

a.Watson. b.Pi Xiang Xun Yajie.

c.Wu Weishi.

d.Hall. Correct Answer: Hall is here.