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China faced a number of national disasters at the end of the Qing Dynasty, some of the more famous examples include:
1.Opium War: In 1840, Britain launched a war against China aimed at opening up the Chinese market.
Because the Qing Dynasty did not have a modern military and strategic defense system, it was unable to effectively resist the British attack, and was finally forced to sign the Treaty of Nanjing, ceding Hong Kong, opening five treaty ports, and paying a large amount of indemnity.
2.Taiping Rebellion: From 1851 to 1864, a massive peasant uprising broke out in southern China, establishing the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom regime.
The uprising lasted for 14 years due to the lack of effective military repression and governance capacity of the Qing Dynasty, resulting in the deaths of millions and causing enormous economic and social damage to southern China.
Also, the Eight-Nation Coalition War of Aggression against China was also one of the disasters in China at the end of the Qing Dynasty. In 1900, the Eight-Nation Coalition invaded China, captured Beijing, and plundered a large number of cultural relics and treasures. China signed the Treaty of Xincho and was forced to pay huge reparations and open more treaty ports.
These disasters have undermined China's sovereignty and territorial integrity and had a serious negative impact on China's economic and social development.
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The Qing Dynasty did not have national defense, but did not attach importance to national defense, and even the military funds of the Beiyang Navy were embezzled at will. The worst were the two Opium Wars, the Sino-Japanese War and the invasion of the Eight-Nation Alliance.
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China's modern national defense is a history of decay and humiliation, right? No, China's modern national defense also has a glorious history.
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The main reason for this lies in the fact that the patriotic spirit of the Chinese nation, which is embedded in the culture, plays a major role as a cohesive force and centripetal force.
The Chinese people have such a deep affection for their motherland. The reason why our country and nation have survived repeated invasions and have survived repeated aggressions is because of the solid patriotic tradition that has taken root in the land of China and forged by thousands of years of history, and because of the indomitable struggle and heroic sacrifice of our great people and countless patriots for the independence and freedom of the motherland. With the development of history, this patriotic spirit has not only reached a new height in the anti-imperialist and anti-feudal struggle in modern China, but has also prompted the advanced Chinese to embark on the road of communism from patriotism due to the development and requirements of history.
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Because everything is too backward, the corrupt bureaucracy has led to a large number of incompetent people occupying the position of commanders, and the backward military system has led to low command and combat capabilities of the army, and backward military equipment. In the final analysis, it is because of the backward feudal system. Politics is everything.
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There is no problem with national defense, and the fundamental reason why tens of thousands of troops in the Qing Dynasty opened the country is the backwardness of the feudal system, which in turn leads to the overall backwardness of science and technology, military technology, and economy.
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From the perspective of national defense alone, since the Qing Dynasty ruled over tens of millions of peasants under a loose and large-scale regional small-scale peasant economic system, its military system was set up in the same loose town military system.
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