Ask a question about the physics of telescopes. Very little white 5

It's not practical, you can ask it another way:

If you buy a telescope, place it vertically, and step on it with your feet to make a pie, will you still have a distant effect???

What do you think? Brothers.

1.There is an effect, the focal length of the two lenses has not changed, and the telescope is not affected, but it is not easy to fix without a lens barrel 2It didn't work.

The functions of the two lenses of the telescope are different, the objective lens (the end away from the eye) plays the role of a camera, and the eyepiece (the end close to the eye) is equivalent to a magnifying glass, that is to say, the telescope is a combination of the camera and the magnifying glass, the image of the obvious objective lens should be within one time of the focal length of the eyepiece, and the image of the objective lens is also a distance from the objective lens (greater than one time the focal length of the objective lens is less than 2 times the focal length), so simply glue the two lenses tightly together, will it be expected to have a long effect???

Think about it, what kind of combination of optical instruments is a microscope? It's a combination of a projector and a magnifying glass.

I hope my answer can be helpful to you, and I wish you progress in your studies!!

Of course not. In the case of the Galilean telescope, the distance between the two lenses is about the difference between the focal lengths of the two lenses. If this distance changes greatly, you won't be able to focus on infinity!

Hehe, this question you can try by taking apart a cheap telescope.

Inside the telescope, there are not only two lenses, but also a prism.

Different prisms have different effects Some also have wide-angle lenses.

It is not just two lenses.

Introduction: People know that telescopes can look far away, so many people like to use celestial telescopes to ** stars when observing stars, especially when looking at some stars. So what is the principle that the telescope can see so far permeable front base?

Let's find out.

<>First of all, we need to know that the telescope has a very large function, that is, it can help people see farther, and can see distant objects, at this time, the angular distance of people is relatively small, but through the astronomical telescope.

When it goes to see something, it will collect some light beams in the objective lens, which are much thicker than what the human pupil sees, so at this time it will be sent to the human eye, and at this time people can see the object more clearly, not so dim. First of all, we need to know what the astronomical telescope is made of, and we will see that there is a mirror in front of it called an objective, and it is a convex lens.

There will be a mirror with a relatively small distance in the back, its diameter is relatively small, and the focal length is shorter than that of the regret touch, this lens is called an eyepiece.

When we look at the objective lens, it concentrates people's light into a small dot, which is an inverted and shrunken object, and this image is called reality. When people look through the eyepieces, the magnified things will be put into a lot, and at this time they will form a kind of image called a virtual image.

So according to some optical principles, it makes people see things more clearly through some refraction or reflection, and astronomical telescopes are formed according to these principles at this time. And we have to know the special fate of things that astronomical telescopes look at, hundreds of meters away we can't generally see places can be seen clearly with a telescope, so some people will choose to buy a binocular, which allows him to see more clearly and observe a lot of things. In daily life, you will find many objects, and they all have certain scientific truths, and we just need to observe them carefully.

A telescope is a special material telescope, invented using the principle of mirror reflection and capable of seeing distant objects. Telescopes are also a product of developments in physics.

It should be the reflection of light, and then the refraction problem, so that you can finally see far away.

This is because telescopes use the principle of concave lenses, so they can see far away.

The aperture of the objective lens is enlarged in order to make the imaging brighter and the object can be seen more clearly, and in order to make the angle of view larger and the image is within double the focal length, the eyepiece is made very small and the focal length is very short.

Because the magnification of the magnifier is the ratio of the focal length of the objective lens to the focal length of the eyepiece, the larger the ratio, the higher the multiple, and the clearer it can be seen.

This is the ratio relationship, and the small focal length to see the distant star is the physical u>2f

1.The minimum resolution angle of a telescope is inversely proportional to the diameter of the objective lens, that is, the larger the aperture of the objective, the higher the resolution, which is determined by the diffraction limit of light;

2.The magnification of astronomical telescopes is variable, and this formula is usually used: Objective Focal Length Eyepiece Focal Length.

Generally, the objective lens is fixed, the eyepiece can be replaced, the shorter the focal length of the eyepiece, the higher the magnification, and the magnification can also be increased by adding a barlow lens and other devices. However, the magnification should not be increased indefinitely, see point 1. As for why the eyepiece size is smaller, this is adapted to the pupil diameter of the human eye (usually 2 5mm).

The focal length of the objective lens divided by the focal length of the eyepiece is the magnification, so to increase the magnification, the focal length of the eyepiece must be shorter.

The human pupil will adjust the size according to the intensity of the light, and the maximum is 7mm, so in order to save costs, the eyepiece does not need to be very large, but the use of too small eyepiece can easily cause fatigue of the eyes and surrounding muscles.

Nowadays, the more common eyepiece size on the market is inch aperture, and the cheaper and low-end ones are 09-inch Huygens eyepieces, and of course, there are also 2-inch wide-angle eyepieces, which have the feeling of spacewalking when used, and you need to turn your eyes to see all the scenes in the eyepiece.

The refractive astronomical telescope has the characteristics of clear and sharp imaging, convenient carrying and operation, stable quality, and easy maintenance, but the refractive optical path will produce chromatic aberration through the lens, but the objective lens group with achromatic design can control the chromatic aberration in a good range, and the large-aperture refractive objective lens has high material requirements, high accuracy requirements, and high manufacturing costs.

Reflecting astronomical telescopes are characterized by no chromatic aberration, low manufacturing cost, and larger apertures, but there is spherical aberration. The biggest disadvantage is that the reflective film of the main objective lens is easy to oxidize, and it needs to be sent back to the manufacturer for re-coating in 3-5 years.

The reflective telescope has a certain debugging ability for astronomy enthusiasts, and the reflex type is high, so it is suitable for astronomy enthusiasts with high requirements for imaging quality and strong economic ability. The refractive small and medium-aperture domestic mirror is very mature, moderate, no professional knowledge, professional debugging, and is most suitable for ordinary families.

The principle of a refracting telescope:

The diameter of the reflective type is larger, that is, the refractive type is thinner, and the reflective type is thicker. The reflection is seen from the tail of the telescope and the refraction is seen from the head. The reflective type is not easy to enter the ash, and the refractive type is not easy to clean inside. Refractive view is farther away.

1. The telescope (here only the optical telescope) actually achieves the purpose of "telescope" from two points, one is to increase the opening angle of the observed object in the observer's view, and the other is to increase the light emitted by the observed person received by the observer.

2. Because the object is very far away, the opening angle of the object to the viewer is very small, and when the opening angle is small to a certain extent, the human eye and the image sensor cannot be distinguished (because the object can only fall on a photosensitive pixel, and can only become a point). Therefore, with appropriate optical means, it is possible to increase the opening angle and thus distinguish the details of distant objects.

3. In addition, due to the long distance, the light received is very weak. In order to detect these faint rays, telescopes need to have a large aperture, and generally speaking, the larger the aperture the better, so that more light can be collected for imaging and thus observing distant objects.

People generally think that the longer and larger the telescope, the farther and larger the second, the farther and larger the image, but in fact, this is a misunderstanding, for the purpose of astronomical telescopes, is to receive more photons, and the number of photons determines the information of the observation target, the more photons received, the more information you know.

It consists of a concave lens (eyepiece) and a convex lens (objective). Its advantage is that it has a simple structure and can be directly formed into a positive image. However, since the invention of the Kepler telescope, this structure has not been used by professional-grade telescopes, but is mostly used by toy-grade telescopes, so it is also called a theater viewing scope.

<> therefore, all optical telescopes with apertures greater than meters are reflecting telescopes. A larger aperture reflecting telescope can obtain a primary focus system (or Newtonian system), a Cassegrain system, and a folding axis system by changing different secondary mirrors. In this way, a single telescope can obtain several different relative apertures and fields of view.

Reflecting telescopes are mainly used for astrophysical work as before.

If you want to increase the magnification even more, if you want to reduce the focal length of the eyepiece and get closer to the objective, the red line in the image will be more slanted. When tilted enough, the extension of the red line cannot intersect the objective (only compared to the barrel wall), indicating that the point is actually out of the eyepiece field at this point. Only parallel beams with a smaller angle to the optical axis of the objective eyepiece can enter the field of view.

This illustrates that the smaller the focal length of the eyepiece, the smaller the field of view you see.

The PVC tube is made of the lens barrel to ensure a closed environment and avoid the interference of ambient light, and the two PVC tubes, one large and one small, are fixed separately for the objective lens and eyepiece, which also meet the requirements of allowing the two lenses to be on one axis when focusing, and the verifier will use this telescope to observe the fire extinguisher in the distance.

Poor perpetual mirrors have low light transmittance. The color is dull. Seeing this, you should understand why the mirror never looks at this data? As long as there is an object that is large enough. The mirror can always see far enough.

He may be able to see far away mainly through the change in focal length, just like a magnifying glass

It is an optical principle. Through the refraction and reflection of light. Distant objects appear in the telescope through the refraction of light.

The imaging principle of the microscope is as follows: in fact, the ordinary optical microscope is based on the imaging principle of the convex lens, and it needs to go through the two imaging of the convex lens. The first time is imaged through the objective lens (convex lens 1), the object should be between one and two times the focal length of the objective lens (convex lens 1), and according to the principles of physics, the real image should be magnified and inverted.

Then, the first image of the object is used as the "object", and the second image is taken through the eyepiece. Since we observe on the other side of the eyepiece, according to the principle of optics, the second image should be a virtual image, so that the image and the object are on the same side.

Microscope. Objective.

Zoom in on the handstand. Real. Eyepiece.

Zoom upright. Virtual image. The image of the objective lens is equivalent to the object of the eyepiece.

Therefore, things are inherently upside-down, and what you look at is upside down.

Telescope objective lens - zooming out inverted real image.

Eyepiece - magnify the upright virtual image.

In the same way, the image of the objective lens is equivalent to the object of the eyepiece.

Therefore, things are inherently upside-down, and what you look at is upside down.

The objective lens of the microscope is to magnify the object into an inverted real image, and the eyepiece is to magnify the real image made by the objective lens into an upright virtual image again (the objective lens is the same as the projector, and the eyepiece is equivalent to a magnifying glass).

The telescope objective lens is to turn the object into a small and inverted real image, and the eyepiece is equivalent to a magnifying glass, and the image formed by the objective lens is again turned into a magnified virtual image (the objective lens is equivalent to a camera, and the eyepiece is also equivalent to a magnifying glass).

Both the objective lens and the eyepiece are convex lenses, and their eyepieces are concave lenses, so what you see is an inverted image. There is also the Galilean telescope, which is an inverted image that is the equivalent of an eyepiece for a microscope.

The telescope you are talking about is a Kepler telescope: because the objective lens is an inverted image, this kind of telescope sees an inverted virtual image without other optical devices, this telescope sees an upright virtual image, the concave lens is within the focal length of the convex lens (it can be considered that their right (or left focus) coincides), the objective lens is a convex lens with a longer focal length, and the eyepiece is equivalent to a magnifying glass.

The objective lens of the microscope changes the direction of the object and magnifies it into an inverted real image, and the eyepiece magnifies the image in focus (the image can only be a virtual image in the focal point) without changing direction, so that the microscope finally sees an inverted image that has been magnified twice.

In the Galilean telescope, the objective lens is a convex lens with a long focal length, and the eyepiece is a concave lens with a short focal length, and the concave lens is located within the focal length of the convex lens. This type of telescope has poor performance and is now less commonly used.

The other is a Kepler telescope, where both the objective and eyepiece are convex lenses. The objective lens is first imaged, and then the eyepiece becomes a virtual image in the focal length, and the inverted image we see at this time is generally called an astronomical telescope;

If we add an orthographic system to this kind of telescope, we see an upright virtual image, which is an ordinary telescope. This type of telescope has good performance.

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