Recourse to Cyclohexane distillation cyclohexane, distillation, atmospheric pressure, crystallizati

No. The boiling point of cyclohexane is 81 degrees, and the boiling point of ethanol is too close.

Chinese name] cyclohexane; Benzene hexahydrogenide; Hexamethylene; Hexacyclosane.

English name: cyclohexane

Structure or Molecular Formula] C6H12,C atom forms bonds with sp3 hybrid orbitals.

relative molecular weight or atomic weight].

Density] melting point ( ).

Boiling point ( ) flash point ( ) 18 (closed).

Refractive index] toxicity LD50 (mg kg)].

Mouse oral 813

Properties】Colorless liquid with gasoline odor.

Solubility] insoluble in water, miscible with ethanol, ether, acetone, benzene and other organic solvents, solubility in methanol is 100 parts of methanol can be dissolved 57 parts of cyclohexane (25 degrees Celsius).

Uses] It is mainly used for the preparation of cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone, and is also used for the synthesis of nylon 6It is widely used as a solvent in the coating industry. It is an excellent solvent for resins, fats, paraffin oils, butyl rubber, etc.

Preparation or **].

It can be prepared from benzene by hydrogenation or petroleum fractions.

Other] volatile and combustible with a flash point of 18The vapor and the air form a clear positive mixture, **limit volume).

cas no.：110-82-7

Chemical Properties :

Cyclohexane is relatively stable to acids and alkalis, does not react with medium concentrations of nitric acid or mixed acids at low temperatures, and nitrification reacts with dilute nitric acid in more than 100 sealed tubes to generate nitrocyclohexane. Catalyzed by platinum or palladium, more than 350 undergo a dehydrogenation reaction to form benzene. Cyclohexane is isomerized with alumina, molybdenum sulfide, ancient and nickel-aluminum at high temperatures to form methylhexane.

It is isomerized with aluminum trichloride under mild conditions to methyl pin cyclopentane.

Cyclohexane can also undergo oxidative repentance, and the main products obtained under different conditions are different. For example, at a pressure of 185 200, 10 40 atmospheres, when oxidized with air, 90% cyclohexanol is obtained. If the cobalt salt or manganese salt of fatty acids is used as a catalyst at a pressure of 24 atmospheres and oxidized with air, a mixture of cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone is obtained.

Adipic acid is obtained by direct oxidation of cyclohexane with air, concentrated nitric acid, or nitrogen dioxide at high temperatures. In the presence of palladium, molybdenum, chromium and manganese oxides, maleic acid is obtained by gas-phase oxidation. Halogens are formed by the reaction of sunlight or ultraviolet light to halogens.

It reacts with nitrosyl chloride to form cyclohexime. Aluminum chloride is used as a catalyst to react cyclohexane with ethylene to form ethylcyclohexane, dimethylcyclohexane, diethylcyclohexane and tetramethylcyclohexane.

Summary. Chemical Properties :

Volatile and extremely flammable, vapor and air form a **sexual mixture, **limit volume). It is very flammable in case of open flame and high heat**. It reacts strongly with the oxidizing agent and even causes combustion.

In a fire field, there is a danger of heating containers. Its vapor is heavier than air, can spread to a considerable distance at a low place, and will catch fire and ignite when exposed to an ignition source.

It is relatively stable to acids and alkalis, does not react with medium concentration of nitric acid or mixed acid at low temperature, and nitrification reaction occurs with dilute nitric acid in a sealed tube of more than 100 to generate nitrocyclohexane. Catalyzed by platinum or palladium, more than 350 undergo a dehydrogenation reaction to form benzene. Together with alumina, molybdenum sulfide, cobalt, nickel, and aluminum, it is isomerized at high temperatures to form methylpentane.

It is isomerized with aluminum trichloride to methylcyclopentane under mild conditions.

At what degrees does cyclohexane form steam.

Oh, intimacy: melting stove quiet point: boiling point: flash point: -18 (hidden cc) critical temperature: critical slow pressure: ignition temperature: 245 saturated vapor pressure:

The chemical properties are volatile and extremely flammable, and the vapor and air tease the potatoes to form a **sexual mixture, **limit volume). It is very flammable in case of open flame and high heat**. It reacts strongly with the oxidizing agent and even causes combustion.

In a fire field, there is a danger of heating containers. Its vapor is heavier than air, can spread to a considerable distance at a low place, and will catch fire and ignite when exposed to an ignition source. It is relatively stable to acids and alkalis, does not react with medium concentration of nitric acid or mixed acid at low temperature, and nitrification reaction occurs with dilute nitric acid in a sealed tube of more than 100 to generate nitrocyclohexane.

Catalyzed by platinum or palladium, more than 350 undergo a dehydrogenation reaction to form benzene. Together with alumina, molybdenum sulfide, cobalt, nickel, and aluminum, it undergoes hetero-first merging at high temperature to form methylpentane. It is isomerized with aluminum trichloride under mild conditions to methyl cyclomangane pentane.

Compare the heart] [compare the heart] [compare the heart].

We look forward to hearing from you.

The atmospheric pressure simple distillation method is a method of differentiating the difference in boiling point, according to Raoult's law, when two liquids are mixed, the vapor pressure of each component decreases and decreases as the concentration increases.

For this problem, it is necessary to determine the vapor pressure and concentration relationship of isopropanol and cyclohexane, and in general, the composition of the solution should meet the following conditions:

Make sure that the difference in vapor pressure between isopropanol and cyclohexane is large enough to allow for the separation of pure isopropanol during the distillation process.

Make sure that the concentration of isopropanol is high enough so that a sufficiently pure isopropanol can be collected during the distillation process.

According to the experimental results, the vapor pressure of isopropanol and cyclohexane decreases as the concentration increases. Therefore, in the solution for the preparation of pure isopropanol, the concentration of isopropanol should be as high as possible, and at the same time ensure that the ratio of isopropanol and cyclohexane is appropriate, in general, the ratio of isopropanol and cyclohexane should be 1:1 to 1:

2 between. In addition, temperature and air pressure will also affect the distillation effect, which needs to be adjusted according to the actual situation. Hope.

This is a constant number, which is called (boiling point rise constant; Freezing point ridge reduction constant) For different solvents, the k value is also different, only by calculation, here I will tell you the most common water.

Boiling point rise constant kb=

k·kg·mol^-1

Freezing point withering or decreasing constant kf =

To prepare a cyclohexane-ethanol solution with a molar fraction, the following steps can be followed:

Determine the total amount of solution to be prepared, e.g. 100 ml of solution.

Calculate the molar amount of cyclohexane and ethanol. Suppose you want to prepare a 100 ml solution, you need to calculate the respective molar amounts of cyclohexane and ethanol in 100 ml of solution.

Molar amount = molarity fraction of the total amount of solution.

Therefore, cyclohexane has a molar amount of 100 ml = 10 mmol and ethanol has a molar amount of ( 100 ml = 90 mmol.

Calculate the volume of cyclohexane and ethanol. Due to the different densities and molecular weights of the solutions, the volumes of cyclohexane and ethanol need to be calculated and then mixed together to get the desired volume of the solution.

Cyclohexane has a density of g ml and a molecular weight of g mol. Therefore, the mass of 10 mmol cyclohexane is 10 mmol g mol = g. Based on the density, the volume of cyclohexane can be calculated as g g ml = ml.

Ethanol has a density of g ml and a molecular weight of g mol. Therefore, the mass of 90 mmol ethanol is 90 mmol g mol = g. Based on the density, the volume of ethanol can be calculated as g g ml = ml.

Mix cyclohexane and ethanol. Mix the calculated cyclohexane and ethanol together and add enough solvent (e.g., water or ethanol) to make a 100 ml solution.

Shake the mixture well. Shake the mixture well to ensure an even distribution of cyclohexane and ethanol in the solution.

In this way, a cyclohexane-ethanol solution with a molar fraction of the mole can be prepared.