How did the ancient dynasties deal with the fraud in the imperial examinations?

During the Tang Dynasty, the sealing method was mainly used to prevent fraud, that is, the place where the candidate's name and other information were filled in the test paper was covered; In the Song Dynasty, the imperial examination was more stringent, and the invigilators were all temporarily appointed, in addition to the transcription method, that is, the candidate's test paper was copied by other **, so that the grading officer could not recognize the candidate's handwriting. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, the strict punishment law has always been a powerful force to prevent fraud in the imperial examination, and the light ones can never take the exam, and the heavy ones have the punishment of beheading.

1. Tang and Song dynasties. During the Sui Dynasty, the imperial examination system was first created, but the specific methods and plans were not particularly detailed, and in the Tang Dynasty, the imperial examination system was gradually fixed, and the martial arts were also pioneered. There is a more detailed standard for its test subjects, test time, and grade evaluation, and at the same time, there are certain measures to prevent candidates from cheating and cheating before and after the test.

However, the imperial examination is related to the future and the future, so the bold adventurers have existed since ancient times, and most of them use entrainment, bribery, agreed words, substitute examinations, etc., in order to prevent these situations from happening, the imperial court is also racking its brains to find ways to make up for the loopholes in the examination.

Among them, the most commonly used are the sealing method and the honor recording method, and the effect is the best. During the Song Dynasty, in addition to the temporary appointment of examiners, there were also great requirements for the examination environment of examiners and candidates. The examiner can not receive guests on the way to the invigilation, and can not go out after entering the Gongyuan, and the candidates are inspected by guards before entering the Gongyuan, and there is a separate compartment in the Gongyuan, and the candidates are seated in the right number, and if the candidates cheat, there are corresponding punishments.

2. Ming and Qing dynasties. At this time, the measures to prevent fraud in the imperial examination basically continued from the previous dynasty, but the details were stricter, and the specifications of the pens, ink, inkstones and other items brought by the candidates should be carefully checked to prevent the candidates from being entrained. There are also rewards for the guards who check out the entrainment behavior of the candidates, which also improves the inspection effect to a certain extent.

In addition, the consequences of fraud in the imperial examination are even more severe, and if they are exposed, then what awaits them is beheading, and the examiner will inevitably die.

The Tang Dynasty's method of pasting names covered up the names of the candidates to prevent the candidates and the examiner from colluding. During the Ming Dynasty, candidates were searched by special hands before entering the examination room to prevent entrainment of cheat sheets.

If a person is found to have cheated in the imperial examination, he will be barred from hiring for life. For example, Tang Bohu in the Ming Dynasty was not used for life because he was involved in fraud cases.

Before entering the exam, there will be someone to search each candidate, every part of the body is carefully checked, avoid carrying information about the exam, during the exam, each candidate is separated by a wooden board, each candidate is separated by a certain distance, and there are regular patrols by invigilators. When marking the papers, the name of each candidate will be covered, and then the test papers of each candidate will be copied and handed over to the examiner for correction. Finally, a criminal law has been enacted for fraudsters.

Two paths. The first is to increase the intensity of invigilation during the exam, and the second is to strengthen the punishment for cheating in the exam, such as discovering that students are cheating, disqualifying from the exam, and the examiner taking the lead in cheating.

In the later period of ancient times, the more stringent the means of dealing with the fraud in the imperial examination, and in the Ming and Qing dynasties, it was found that the fraud in the imperial examination was not as simple as killing the head, but in serious cases, it would be a tribal person.

From my point of view, the imperial examination system in the early stage was very good, bringing a lot of fresh blood to the feudal dynasty, but it was very solidified in the later period.

I think that the system at that time was very perfect, and it was possible to select many talented people, and it provided a lot of useful talents for the imperial court at that time.

The imperial examination is undoubtedly a fair, open and impartial method, which has unearthed and cultivated a large number of talents for the Chinese dynasties. The imperial examination also played a considerable role in promoting the popularization of knowledge and the people's reading atmosphere.

In this way, many people's minds were shackled, and then many family tragedies occurred, and there was also corruption in officialdom.

The students' talents cannot be brought into play, and they can only recite the rigid eight-strand texts, and they cannot show their talents academically.

It restricts people's development, but also restricts their thinking, and the adoption of the eight-strand method can easily produce corruption and become the ruling tool of the ruling class.