Who can help summarize the knowledge points of the physics syllabus

You can also tell me what grade it is.

1. Summary of the formula for the properties of gases.

1.State parameters of the gas:

Temperature: macroscopically, how hot or cold an object is;

Microscopically, the degree of irregular movement of molecules inside an object is marked by hail.

Thermodynamic temperature vs. Celsius:

t=t+273 {t: thermodynamic temperature (k), t: temperature in Celsius ( ) volume v: space that gas molecules can occupy.

Unit conversion: 1m3 = 103l = 106ml

Pressure p: A large number of gas molecules frequently hit the wall of the device per unit area to produce a continuous, uniform pressure.

Standard atmospheric pressure:

1atm=2.Characteristics of the movement of gas molecules:

large intermolecular voids; Except for the moment of collision, the interaction force is weak; The rate of movement of molecules is large.

3.Equation of state for an ideal gas:

p1v1 t1=p2v2 t2 {pv t=constant, t is the thermodynamic temperature (k)}

Note: 1) The internal energy of an ideal gas is not related to the volume of the ideal gas, but to the temperature and the amount of matter;

2) Equation 3 is established under the condition that all of them are ideal gases of a certain mass, and when using the formula, it is necessary to pay attention to the unit of temperature, where t is the temperature of the shading god ( ) and t is the thermodynamic temperature (k).

Middle School Physics Test Preparation Point: The Characteristics of Sound.

1. Tone: The height of the sound is called the pitch, the higher the frequency, the higher the pitch (frequency: the number of times the object vibrates in per second, indicating the speed of the object's vibration, the unit is hertz, the larger the vibrating object, the lower the pitch; )

2. Loudness: the strength of the sound is called loudness; The greater the amplitude of the object, the stronger the loudness]; The farther the listener is from the vocalizer, the weaker the loudness;

3. Timbre: Although the pitch and loudness of different objects may be the same, the timbre must be different; (Distinguish what kind of object method depends on timbre).

Note: Tone, loudness, and timbre do not affect each other and are independent of each other;

Utilization of sound.

1. Ultrasonic has high energy and high frequency, and is used to beat stones, clean clocks and other precision instruments; Ultrasound waves propagate in a straight line, and are used for echolocation (bat orientation) and production (sonar systems).

2. Transmit information (when the doctor examines the disease"Smell", hit the ultrasound, knock on the railroad tracks and listen to the sound, etc.).

3. The sound can be muffled to transmit energy (the glass on the side of the airport is shattered, you can't speak loudly in the snowy mountains, a tuning fork vibrates, and the untouched tuning fork vibrates).

Module 1: Mechanics.

Topic 1: Linear Motion.

Test 1: Description of Sports.

Test point 2: Linear motion with uniform variable speed.

Test Center 3: Free Fall Exercise.

Test point 4: Encounter and catch-up.

Topic 2: Interaction.

Test point 5: gravity, elasticity, friction.

Test 6: Synthesis and decomposition of forces.

Test point 7: Balance of common point forces.

Topic 3: Newton's Laws of Motion.

Test 8: Newton's laws of motion and their applications.

Test point 9: Overweight and weightlessness.

Topic 4: Curvilinear Motion.

Test 10: Synthesis and decomposition of motion, flat throwing motion.

Test Center 11: Circular Motion.

Topic 5: The Law of Gravitation.

Test 12: The Law of Gravitation.

Topic 6: Mechanical energy.

Test 13: Work and Power.

Test 14: Kinetic energy and the kinetic energy theorem.

Test point 15: The law of conservation of mechanical energy.

Topic 7: Mechanical Vibration and Mechanical Waves.

Test Center 16: Mechanical Vibration.

Test Center 17: Mechanical Waves.

Topic 8: Momentum.

Test 18: Impulse, momentum, and the momentum theorem.

Test 19: The Law of Conservation of Momentum and Its Applications.

Test Center 20: Collision.

Module 2: Electromagnetism.

Topic 9: Electric Field.

Test point 21: Coulomb's law.

Test site 22: Electric field strength.

Test Center 23: Electric Potential.

Test Center 24: Capacitor.

Knowledge point 25: The motion of charged particles in an electric field.

Topic 10: Constant Current.

Test 26: Basic Concepts and Laws of Circuits.

Test 27: Ohm's Law for Closed Circuits.

Test 28: Analysis and Calculation of Circuits.

Topic 11: Magnetic Fields.

Test 29: Magnetic field and the effect of magnetic field on electric current.

Test 30: The effect of magnetic field on moving charges.

Test 31: Motion of charged particles in a composite field.

Topic 12: Electromagnetic Induction.

Test Center 32; Electromagnetic induction phenomena and Lenz's law.

Test point 33: Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction.

Test 34: Application of the relevant laws of electromagnetic induction.

Topic 13: Alternating currents.

Test site 35: Alternating current.

Test Center 36: Transformer and Long-distance Transmission.

Topic 14: Electromagnetic waves.

Test 37: Theory of Electromagnetic Fields.

Test 38: Electromagnetic oscillation.

Module 3: Thermals.

Test 39: Molecular Kinetic Theory.

Test Center 40: The state of the gas.

Test 41: Laws of Thermodynamics.

Test 42: The Law of Conservation of Energy.

Module 4: Optics.

Topic 15: The Law of Refraction of Light.

Test site 43: Total reflection of light, optical fibers.

Test 44: Wave and particle nature of light.

Module 5: Atomic Physics.

Test 45: Atomic structure.

Test site 46: Nucleus.

Module 6: Experiments.

Test 47: Mechanics Experiment.

Test Center 48: Electromagnetism Experiment.

Basically, if you get Newton done, you'll be able to score more than 80 points.

Learn Newton first, and then learn ability, and after learning ability, Newton's laws are basically gone, but Newton's must also be studied seriously, because some laws of energy must be proved by Newton's laws.