Many people don t know how to distinguish between upper and lower couplets?

Couplets, also known as dual sentences, are one of the most unique cultural forms in our Chinese language. It vividly expresses the characteristics of our Chinese characters with neat battles, subdued tones, and concise and concise content. Therefore, for thousands of years, it has been deeply loved by everyone in the Han cultural circle.

In particular, pasting couplets is an indispensable ritual for festivals, weddings and funerals. Just pay a little attention, and you may find that many people actually post the upper and lower links upside down.

So how to distinguish the upper and lower couplets in a couplet?

First, the top and the bottom are flat

What is "up and down"? In fact, this is a requirement when writing couplets, that is, the last word of the couplet must be a voice, that is, three tones and four tones; The last word of the next link must be a flat sound, that is, one and two sounds.

Conversely, we can also distinguish which one is the upper link and the other is the lower link according to this.

For example, the following couplet.

Shanglian: How can it be as good as it could be.

Downlink: But please be worthy of your own heart.

The last word "meaning" in the upper link is four tones, that is, the sound of the voice; The last word of the next couplet, "heart", is a sound, that is, a flat sound.

2. Cause and effect

In fact, every couplet will have a relationship between cause and effect.

Normally, the upper link is "cause" and the lower link is "effect".

Analogize the following couplet.

Shanglian: Conduct is worthy of heaven and earth.

Downlink: Praise and disapproval have their own spring and autumn.

Obviously, a person's "behavior" is the cause, and the "praise or disapproval" of others is the effect.

3. Upper right and lower left

This is actually a tradition that should be noted when pasting couplets, but it can also be used to distinguish between upper and lower couplets. Specifically, the one on the right is the upper link, and the one on the left is the lower link.

Why is it posted like this?

This is mainly because of the writing habits of the ancients. Before the advent of paper, people mostly used bamboo slips, wood chips, etc., so they needed to hold it with their left hand and write with their right hand, so they formed a top-down writing style from right to left. Later, although paper was introduced, and in modern times, the way of writing has changed from left to right, but the couplet still retains this tradition.

At the end, the above three methods can not only help you quickly distinguish the upper and lower couplets, but also let you see at a glance whether other people's couplets are posted wrongly. Of course, more importantly, you can keep yourself from making mistakes so as not to be laughed at by others.

The upper part of the couplet is usually attached to the right side of the door, while the lower couplet is generally attached to the left side of the door, and it is read from right to left when reading.

The distinction between the upper and lower couplets of the couplet can be seen in the last word, the tone of the last word is the third tone and the fourth tone is the upper link, and the tone of the last word is the first tone and the second tone is the lower link.

In the couplet, it is generally strictly in accordance with the flat voice, generally speaking, the upper couplet is the sound of the voice, that is, 234 sounds, and the lower couplet is the sound of the flat sound.

According to the ancient tradition of our country, the left is the top, so the left is the upper link, and the right side is the lower link.

Look at the last word of the two couplets in the couplet, if the last word is the third and fourth tones, it is the upper couplet; If the last word is the first harmony, it is the next link.

Couplet culture, recognize the phonetic words.

When the person is facing the couplet, the upper panel is on the right and the lower panel is on the left. The couplet should pay attention to the relative sound rhythm, and judge that the upper and lower couplets are distinguished according to the flat sound of the last word, the upper couplet is the sound of the voice, and the lower couplet is the flat sound, which is mainly for the sake of harmonious rhyme and pleasant to the ear.

Divide by tone

Couplets are more plain, which is the characteristic of couplets. Specifically, the last word of the upper link is generally a voice, and the last word of the lower link is generally a flat voice, otherwise it often feels awkward to read. For example, "Spring returns to the land and thousands of mountains laugh" ("laugh" is the sound), "Blessing the world is full of people's joy" ("Huan" is a flat sound).

According to the causal relationship.

"Cause" is the upper link, and "effect" is the lower link. For example, "the direction is right, the urban and rural areas are rich, the policy is wise, and the food and clothing are abundant", because only the "cause" of "urban and rural wealth" will have the "fruit" of "abundant food and clothing".

Chronologically.

That is, the time before is the upper link, and the time after the time is the lower link; In other words, the first thing to do is the first, and the next thing to do is the next one. For example, "the door welcomes spring, summer, autumn and winter, and the door accepts the east, west, north and south"; "The small courtyard is planted with flowers and fragrant all seasons, and the gate is colorful and happy for the whole family."

According to the range of scenes

In terms of time, space and specific things, it is generally from large to small, such as "every year is good every year, and the moon is full of moons"; "A city of flowers and rain, mountains and rivers are strong, and the courtyard is full of spring breeze and sun and moon". In terms of time, the "year" is longer than the "month"; According to the spatial theory, the "city" is larger than the "courtyard".

Divided by language habits

For example, "Blessing is like the long flowing water of the East China Sea, and the longevity is better than the old pine of Nanshan"; "The wind blows the willows and thousands of doors are green, and the rain moistens the apricot and peach and thousands of households are red." People often say that "happiness and longevity" and "wind and rain are in the same boat", and there has never been a saying of "longevity and happiness" and "rain and wind are in the same boat".

According to the left and right directions.

When pasting couplets, the upper couplet should be pasted on the right, the lower couplet should be pasted on the left, and the left and right should be divided by facing the gate or pilaster. The reason why it is posted like this is because the straight line is written from right to left, so the couplet is also read from right to left.

Horizontal batches(also known as banners, rungs, banners, drapeds, etc.), is an important part of the couplet. Horizontal criticism is like the title of the article, which can indicate the theme of a couplet, is the finishing touch, is the icing on the cake. Generally speaking, horizontal criticism has the functions of summarizing, revealing, supplementing, and explaining the text.

In terms of the scope of use, the most commonly used and most primitive form of couplets is to be hung between the couplets (so they are also widely known as couplets). The upper and lower two texts, coupled with the horizontal batch on the lintel, show the trend of "door". Symmetry is the most significant form of expression of couplets, and the traditional form of symmetry is often used in Chinese architectural beauty.

The architecture and the couplet structure are contrasted, which is another reason for the Lianwen and horizontal criticism. But it is not to say that all couplets have horizontal batches, such as some door plaques can be used as horizontal batches, inscription gift couplets, elegiac couplets (not suitable for hanging between the trees) and so on can be omitted horizontal batches.

1.According to the tone, the last word of the upper link is generally the sound of the voice, and the last word of the lower link will be the flat sound.

2.According to the causal relationship: the existing cause is followed by the effect, so the cause will be the upper link, and the description of the effect will be the lower link.

3.According to chronological order: Spring Festival couplets are generally in positive order, so the ones in front of the time are the upper ones.

4.According to the spatial scope: generally the small range is the upper link, and the large range is the lower link.

Anyone who knows knows that when pasting a couplet, the upper couplet is pasted on the right side of the door, and the lower couplet is pasted on the left side of the door, and the couplet is read from right to left. Professionally speaking, look at the flat, because the characteristics of the couplet are important. The last word of the upper link is generally a voice, and the last word of the lower link is generally a flat sound.

Couplet culture, recognize the phonetic words.

<> first distinguish between the upper and lower heads of the door. When facing the gate, the right-hand direction is the upper head, and the left-hand direction is the lower head. When pasting the couplet to guess the boy, the upper joint is pasted on the top, and the lower link is pasted on the bottom.

The second is to distinguish the upper and lower couplets of the Spring Festival couplets. In general, there are four ways to distinguish between them:

1.Divide by toneThe Spring Festival couplets pay more attention to the tone of the flat voice, the last word of the upper couplet is the sound of the Sui Wang, and the last word of the lower couplet should be the flat sound.

2.According to the causal relationship. "Cause" is the upper link, and "effect" is the lower link.

3.In chronological order. The time is in front of the upper hall letter link, and the time in the back is the bottom link.

4.Divided by spatial extent. Generally, the small ones come first, and the big ones come last.

Introduction: Couplets, one of the traditional cultures of the Han people, are dual sentences written on paper, cloth or engraved on bamboo, wood, and pillars. The couplets are neat and harmonious, and it is a unique cultural and artistic form of the Chinese language with one word and one sound.

The couplet is said to have originated five generations later, the lord of Shu, Meng Chang. The couplet is a treasure of traditional Chinese culture. The couplet is also called the couplet, because in ancient times it was named after the pillar that hung in the hall of the mansion, there are even words, words, couplets, door pairs, etc., and it is called in the couplet, it began in the Ming Dynasty.

Facing the place where the couplet is pasted, the right hand side of your own is pasted with the upper couplet, and the left hand side of your own is pasted with the lower couplet. The tail word of the upper link is the sound of the voice, and the end word of the lower link is the flat sound.

The upper and lower couplets of a couplet can be distinguished by the following methods:

1.According to the method of distinguishing between Pingsheng and Pingsheng, the last word of the upper link is Pingsheng, and the last word of the lower link is Pingsheng.

3.According to the method of time relationship distinction, the old time is the upper link in the front, and the new time is the lower link in the back.

4.According to the left and right directions, the upper link is pasted on the right, and the lower link is attached to the left side of the trouser core.

In summary, the upper and lower couplets of couplets can be distinguished by different methods, but the most common method is to distinguish them according to the flat sound discrimination method.

Couplet is a kind of dual sentence written on paper, cloth or engraved on bamboo, wood, and pillars, also known as dual, door pair, spring sticker, spring couplet, couplet, couplet, couplet, etc. It is neat and harmonious, and it is a unique art form of Chinese with one word and one sound.

The couplet first evolved from the peach charm used to ward off evil spirits, and was later widely used by people to give questions and answers, not only for the Spring Festival to stick on the door.

Couplets are generally pasted on the main gate, middle door, balcony door, etc.

Couplets, also known as couplets, door pairs, spring couplets, pairs, etc., should be pasted in some clean and bright places or on the wall, door, etc., and it is more taboo to paste them in some sundries and dark places.

Where are the couplets pasted.

Usually, the horizontal batch is pasted on the top of the door frame, the left and right sides are pasted up and down, and 5 hanging tags are pasted on the door head.

The posting of couplets is particular about shouting, generally according to the writing order of Hu Jian's horizontal batches, such as reading the horizontal batches from left to right, the upper couplets are pasted on the left, and the lower ones are pasted on the right.

The couplet is a treasure of China's traditional culture, originated in the Qin Dynasty, and its prototype is a peach symbol, which has the characteristics of neat and harmonious battles.

The five-word couplet is mediocre.

It's mediocre;

It's mediocre.

Ping Ping;

Seven-word couplet: Ping Ping.

仄仄平 rolling celebratory Xiangping 仄仄平;

Ping, Ping

仄仄平平仄平;

Generally, the upper joint is closed with a voice, and the lower joint is closed with a flat sound.

In order to distinguish the upper and lower couplets of the couplet, we must first understand the knowledge of the rhythm of the flat music.

In short, how to judge the upper and lower couplets, just look at the last word of the couplet, if the last word is a sound word (pinyin or the third sound of the circle, the fourth tone), then it is the upper couplet; If the last word is a flat sound word (the first and second tones of pinyin), then it is a lower link; Then when pasting the couplet, the upper couplet should be pasted on the right hand side facing the door, and the lower couplet should be pasted on the left hand side of you facing the door. Details are shown below:

The couplet is divided into upper and lower couplets, how to judge, according to the last word to judge, if we have been to primary school, then we should know that in Mandarin, there are four pronunciations, namely the first tone, the second tone, the third tone, and the fourth tone, for example, taking "a" as an example, respectively, "ā The ancients claimed the first as "Yin Ping", and the second claimed as "Yang Ping", collectively known as "Pingsheng Zi", referred to as "Ping"; The third is claimed as "Shangsheng", and the fourth is claimed as "仄音", collectively referred to as "仄音字", referred to as "仄"; The pronunciation of modern people is different from the pronunciation of the ancients, and the modern people are the four tones I just said, according to the standard "Xinhua Dictionary"; The ancient people were five tones, in addition to the four tones of modern Mandarin, there is a special pronunciation called "into the sound", the pronunciation is short and cramped, according to the standard of different dynasties have different corresponding rhyme books, such as "Peiwen Poetry Rhyme", "Cut Rhyme", "Guang Rhyme", "Pingshui Rhyme", etc., now it has been summarized into the four tones of modern Chinese, only some local expressions such as Cantonese are still retained. Therefore, the pronunciation of modern people is abbreviated: "the new rhyme of today's sound"; The pronunciation of the ancient people was abbreviated as "ancient sound and old rhyme".

Therefore, to distinguish the upper and lower links, we must at least understand the mediocrity of each word, right? In terms of today's sound and new rhyme, we have to be familiar with "Xinhua Dictionary". The couplet is divided into upper and lower couplets, a couplet is called a sentence, and a couplet is called a couplet, two principles must be followed, one is to determine the upper and lower couplets of the last word, the upper couplet refers to the last word is usually a sound word, and there are few exceptions;

Read from right to left, first up, then down.

There are four pronunciations in ordinary Chinese scumbags, the first tone and the second tone are collectively referred to as "Pingsheng (neither rising nor descending)". The second and third tones are collectively referred to as "仄音 (if you are uneven, you are called 仄)". The couplets pay attention to the pairing, just like the men and women are not tired of working together, and the combination of the two is good to read.

The easiest way to distinguish between the upper and lower links is to "listen to the level". Generally speaking, the last word of the upper link is mostly a voice; And the last word of the lower link is mostly flat. If you find the sentence that ends with the first and second tones, you will find the next couplet. Talk about scum.