Were ancient windows really all papier m ch ?

Of course, it's papier-mâché, watching a lot of ancient TV series on TV are papier-mâché, I still remember Zhen Huan's biography that Zhen Huan cut the window paper and window grilles for herself in her own house and pasted them. Although the plots in many TV series are not realistic, the matter of papier-mâché windows is still true.

In fact, people in ancient times did not use simple white paper, this kind of white paper was actually soaked in oil, such as soybean oil or something. If you soak it in oil, you will become less afraid of the rain beating, just like the principle of oil-paper umbrellas. And the window paper is also protected by things such as the window edge, and the paper will be made as thick as possible so that it will not be afraid of wind and rain.

And in ancient times, there was no such thing as glass, and glass had not yet been invented, so they had to find something to put on the windows, and I think they also tried to use other things to cover the windows, such as cloth, yarn, and so on. But the light transmittance of the cloth is too low to be suitable for window paper, otherwise the house is dark, nothing is easy to do, and it is more waste candles. The yarn bar also thinks it's not very good, because the yarn will stick to the water, and after sticking to the water, it will get the window edges wet, because they are all made of wood, so they will slowly be super rotten, and the yarn is also a very expensive thing for ordinary people, not something that ordinary people can buy.

So it's not very widely used. But paper is relatively cheaper, so it is used more.

In fact, the best material was found after the selection and elimination of people from ancient times to modern times. It's all comparative, and it's also the survival of the fittest.

This is really not, you are deceived in the **. Seeing that the ** inside is going to do something bad, I will stab the window paper and blow a puff of smoke into the house. But this is all ** plot, don't say anything else, just say that if it rains, the paper will be wet, and the house will not leak rain.

So this statement is not credible.

But there is a designation to use papier-mâché windows, but there are still a few. Generally, poor families have spare money to buy papier-mâché windows, so they say a wooden plank, which is opened during the day and put down at night. Have you watched the old version of "Water Margin", Pan Jinlian opened the window and dropped things and smashed them into Ximen Qingcai.

At that time, the windows of the TV show were baffled with this kind of baffle. <>

Generally, the window is made of bamboo strip paper, which is more translucent and can be passed through by sunlight. Generally, slightly better families have eaves, so they can't get caught in the rain. There are also those that use wax paper to paste the windows.

Then came the Song Dynasty, and the times progressed. A thing called Mingwa appeared, which is a translucent building material. This building material is an alternative to glass, with natural mica in the north and shells in the south, or mussel shells polished into corners and rounded flakes inlaid in wooden lattice windows.

Later, in the Ming and Qing dynasties, there was glass from the West, and everyone used glass in a fashionable way. In fact, rich people will also use that kind of silk cloth or tulle to paste the windows, which is both beautiful and translucent. For example, there is a section in Dream of Red Mansions, because he felt sorry for Baoyu and then used a muslin cloth to paste the window.

This is also illustrated.

But this kind of is usually done by wealthy families, and it is generally important to use windproof muslin, and ordinary families use hemp paper. No matter how ordinary it is, there are no windows. So it's not like paper was used to paste windows in ancient times.

We can always see those bad guys on TV, and when they release poison, they just use their fingers or poke open windows with bamboo pipes. Why is it so easy to poke open? Because those windows are made of paper.

This leads us to the misunderstanding that ancient windows were made of paper. But isn't it true that everyone has the money to buy paper just to paste the windows, and some people can't even afford to eat, so how can they buy paper pasted windows?

Generally speaking, poor homes are windowless. There may be some poor families who are more particular about repairing windows, but their windows may be made of straw mats and reeds, or their windows may be purely a piece of wood.

The windows of rich people can be made of cloth, because some rich people feel that paper windows are not very good, so they will choose to use cloth. Fabric windows are not only breathable, but also more shaded.

And the word screen window appears in the poems of many poets, haven't you noticed? If their windows are all made of paper, where does the word screen come from? Therefore, in ancient times, there were windows made of yarn.

I don't think the screens of their time may be as good as those of modern times, but it is good that they have screens in their time.

I heard that there was also a thing called Mingwa, and people also used that to make windows. Glass appeared at the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, and although glass was rare at that time, there were still people who used glass to make windows at that time.

In the late Qing Dynasty, a large number of foreign glass appeared in various places, and at this time, glass windows were available in almost every household. But paper windows are rarely seen.

In fact, there are still people who use paper to make windows in modern times, and in the late 90s, I saw a family that used paper to make windows. Therefore, it is not necessary that ancient people used paper to make windows.

In ancient times, the average peasant poor people used crop poles to block the windows, in fact, many rural houses are not very large, and the windows are only a small one. After there is paper, use thin white paper or yarn to paste the window, and there are also oil paper made of paper soaked in oil to paste the window, one is moisture-proof, and the other is good light transmittance.

Because there was no glass in ancient times, they had to use paper to glue the windows. And if it is a relatively thin paper, it will also have the effect of **, so that you can achieve the effect of indoor brightness. That's why a lot of people use papier-mâché windows.

And this kind of paper is relatively easy to obtain, so it is more convenient to use paper to glue windows. In ancient times, even if people had glass, they were reluctant to make windows.

They would make some other decorations out of the glass that had traveled across the ocean, and they would not use it as glass. Because I think it's a bit too wasteful. In ancient times, glass was so precious that only some Persians could make it.

So we didn't popularize such things as glass in ancient times.

However, although glass is not popular in our country, ceramics are our forte, but ceramics cannot be used as windows because they are opaque. So paper is a very good thing, and this thing is good and can vent. So people chose him as a window.

The ancient people of our country still had the wisdom of labor, and some of their paper windows were also very beautiful. There are many people who also put their own cut grilles on their windows.

So they're also very good at decorating their own houses. So I don't think there's anything wrong with this kind of papier-mâché window. It's just that because glass is available now, people will choose this kind of glass.

Because glass is stronger and more durable, many people choose glass. And the papier-mâché windows have been eliminated.

In ancient China, there were still many working people with a lot of wisdom, and the windows they made were also very powerful, and they all needed some people to make them. And it is indeed the paper invented in our country, which is the four major inventions of our country.

The invention of paper allowed knowledge to be disseminated, and then civilization was disseminated, which was very beneficial to the development of civilization. So paper is still more important.

Because there was no glass in ancient times, even if there was, it was more expensive, and ordinary people could not afford it, so they could only use paper, which was not ordinary paper, it was relatively strong and durable, and such glass could also be moisture-proof and cold-resistant, which could also make the room very warm.

Because there was no glass and no plastic paper in ancient times, the materials in ancient times were very scarce, so the windows were pasted with paper, and there was no electricity in ancient times, and the paper could also transmit some light.

That's because in ancient times, there was no plastic paper at all, there was no glass, and if you used anything else, there would be no light at all, so you could only use paper paste.

It was because they didn't know how to make glass at that time, and the materials at that time were also limited, and then the light transmittance of paper was also relatively good, the flexibility was also better, and the cost was relatively low.

The paper on the windows of ancient times was called mulllion paper. The window lattice paper, also called "hemp paper", is handmade and now belongs to the "intangible cultural heritage" protection project.

The high-status halls of the Qing Dynasty court were decorated with Goryeo paper paste, which is a white cotton paper made from cotton cocoons or mulberry skin, which is not only transparent and white, but also tough and durable. It was not until the late Qing Dynasty that the doors and windows of the palaces in the Forbidden City were gradually replaced with glass, and the window paper gradually disappeared from the court.

Most families use hemp paper to paste, but large families are very particular, for example, the Dream of Red Mansions specially rendered a picture of Jia's mother's attention to life on Daiyu's window, that is, "Qian screen window", that is, red soft smoke. Other people have pasting methods, and many things are pasted with silk, or there are muslin cloths to protect against rain and wind.

The origin of mullion paper:

In the past, the mountain people were very poor, and most of their houses were mud and grass huts, and most of their windows were wooden lattice windows, so they had to be pasted with paper to keep out the wind and cold. Paste on the outside can protect the wooden window from rain corrosion, wind and sun, and prolong the life of the window.

In fact, this peculiar custom is the product of adapting to the cold climate and folk customs of Northeast China. The Northeast region is known to have cold winters. The indoor fire is mostly used to smoke on the kang, so in the harsh winter, the temperature difference between indoor and outdoor is very large.

Under these conditions, window paper becomes a tool for separating hot and cold spaces.

If the window paper is pasted inside, the frost outside the window will melt when it encounters high temperature indoors, and the water will flow to the combination of the window paper and the window right, which is not only easy to make the window paper fall off and leak, but also cause the window right to rot. Therefore, the people of Northeast China, who have lived in this environment for a long time, have come up with the wonderful practice of "window paper paste" through practice.

Dear, the paper pasted on the doors and windows in ancient times is called silk cotton paper. There are many types of paper pasted on the windows in ancient times, the first is silk cotton paper, which is more tough. Not easy to be pierced.

It is also not easily damaged. Therefore, it is often used as window paper. The second type of paper is called mullipped paper.

The window lattice paper is also called "hemp paper", which is made by hand and is now part of the "intangible cultural heritage" protection project. It is characterized by thinness, toughness and resistance, and cannot be broken by rain or wind. The function is to insulate the wind, prevent cold, and be transparent, but now most of them are replaced by glass, and they are basically invisible.

The third type of paper is a type of paper called "hairy paper". The main raw materials are reeds, hemp, hemp, etc. This kind of paper is stronger than ordinary writing paper, and the ancients also coated it with a layer of oiled paper, which can isolate moisture and prevent the window paper from decomposing immediately after encountering water.

Now the window lattice dismantling paper is also called "hemp paper", which is purely handmade, and now belongs to the "intangible cultural heritage" protection project.

The paper pasted on the windows of the ancients is a very thick special paper for windows, although it is not as good as glass, but it can also shelter from the wind and rain, which is much better than nothing, and before the Tang and Song dynasties, the windows of the ancients were not pasted with paper. The windows of rich people's homes are coated with oiled paper, which is ordinary dry paper coated with tung oil, and becomes oily paper after drying, which is not easy to break, and greatly increases the light transmittance.

The "Six Posts" contains "paste the window with peach blossom paper to coat water and oil, take it very bright", to the Ming and Qing dynasties, the dignitaries popular a kind of cotton paper, from Goryeo.

The tribute is not only transparent and white, but also tough in texture, and the top quality of window paper.

Although the Han Dynasty Cai Lun.

Papermaking was perfected.

People started using paper. But when this thing first started, it was very expensive, mainly used for writing and recording. I didn't think of sticking it to the window, and when the people were building houses, they opened the windows a little smaller, and when it rained.

Hang bamboo mats, or pile up straw, and large households are better, generally paste donations, cloth, or yarn. to keep the room warm.

By the Tang Dynasty, papermaking technology had become very popular, and the process was more mature, and the paper produced was thicker and tighter, with better toughness, and it could also be written on both sides. The paper on which the words had been written could not be wasted, so it began to paste on the window. Later, in order to improve the waterproofness of the paper, people began to use a kind of paper soaked in tung oil, that is, bast paper, which began to be accepted by the general public.

Such paper is waterproof, not easy to break, and flexible.

Strong. There is also good lighting, which can be well sheltered from the wind and rain, and the window lattice.

The invention makes the window more bearable and stronger, the window paper is cheap, and the people can afford it, even if it is damaged, it can be replaced in time.

And the southern region.

It is warmer than in the north, with more rain and dense rivers, and the windows of the common people are also plastered with paper. And the wealthy use one. The shell is made of sanding material because it has better transparency and light than paper.

Known as Mingwa, Mingwa can also be boiled into soup with sheep's horns. Leave to cool quickly, before pressing into thin sheets. Because it can also be mixed into many colors, it was very popular with people at that time.

Although the ancients did not have glass, with window paper and Ming tile can play a role in isolating wind and rain, in addition to the fact that the houses in the past were more spacious, and the indoor fire could be used to keep warm, the ancients stayed at home still very warm.