Why does the length of life vary between species?

The length of life varies, but there is a striking similarity between them, that is, at the end of life, its heart (a creature with a heart) beats exactly 300,000 times. So, the length of life is easy to explain. For example, the antelope on the savannah is forced by the living environment to be in a state of high tension and has a very fast heartbeat, so the life of the antelope is relatively short.

Another example is the sea turtle, its shell has created its calm and unhurried living habits, everything is fine when the big thing is hidden in the shell, their heart rate can slow down to a few minutes or even longer, so, after the heart has completed 300,000 times of work, this turtle is already 100 years old. However, the number of heartbeats in a human life is much larger than the number of 300,000, which is largely related to the evolution of human beings and human society. And the life span of human ancestors is so short, precisely because of the limit of 300,000.

Life has only one purpose from its inception, to live forever. But the environment is constantly changing, which makes it necessary for life to adapt. So life evolved the skill of reproduction.

In the process of reproduction from generation to generation, there will always be individuals who can survive in a new environment, so that the continuation of life is guaranteed. Therefore, the existence of the individual is to ensure the continuation of reproduction. The lifespan of different species is different because different species have different implementation plans for reproduction.

Some can die as long as they live to reproduce the next generation, because they can reproduce many larvae in one generation, so their lifespan is a life history, such as many insects. Some produce very few larvae at each reproduction, and the larvae's ability to survive is weak, so adult individuals must be able to take care of the larvae after reproduction to grow up to survive independently, so their lifespan is several times that of their life history, such as many animals.

The life structure of various organisms is different, the living environment is different, and the way of survival is also different. This all leads to differences in various aspects of individual species. In response to this problem, some substances in living organisms can be regenerated and some cannot.

Regardless of accidental physical injury and disease, when non-renewable substances are continuously oxidized to a certain level, the life form dies. Each organism has a different body shape and a different rate of metabolism, so it must have a different lifespan.

For animals, movement is their basic state, so energy is necessarily consumed. Energy consumption is generally an oxidation process, which inevitably produces various reactive oxygen species. If a cell is in its "prime", it can effectively eliminate the harm of reactive oxygen species through a stress response.

But if a cell ages, it accumulates more and more damage, and in the end it may not be able to cope with the threat of reactive oxygen species. Of course, if a cell suffers a mutation that invalidates the genes that control the stress response, it will also "lose its life". Vice versa.

In general, animals with smaller size, more activity, and faster metabolism have a shorter lifespan. Of course, there will be many counter-examples. However, in my opinion, this point of view actually makes sense, because there is more activity, fast metabolism, more reactive oxygen species are produced, and more cells are damaged, so animals with relatively little activity and slow metabolism have a short lifespan.

If each species is considered to be a life-lived dissipative system, then the stability of the dissipative system is determined by the negative entropy it stores at the beginning and the subsequent consumption constant. Generally speaking, the larger the adult species, the higher the negative entropy, the slower the species, the lower the consumption constant, and the species with both properties, such as metasequoia, or tortoise, have the longest lifespan.

It is said that in addition to humans, regardless of size and longevity, mammals have about the same number of heartbeats in their lifetime, more than 700 million; The number of breaths is about the same, more than 100 million times. I also heard that in the thirties, some foreign zoologists put forward the concept of "biological moment" (the exact Chinese expression is not clear), probably saying that the length of life of various animals is different, but the instantaneous concentration of their lives is different. I care about this because my cat, it can only live for more than ten years, if there is no accident, it will definitely walk in front of me, in order not to regret it in the future, I should give it a high concentration of care worthy of its high concentration of life.

Whether a creature is advanced or not is not constant by the length of life, but whether it has the ability to learn, memorize and change the environment, and death is not static. In a sense, human beings are also substances, substances with subjective colors, and the chemical elements that make up life after death are still circulating in nature.

I think it's the same. For people, some people think that life is very long, because some animals die in the twilight of life; Some people think that life is short because they think that the universe is eternal (of course, this is the view of the ancients), and this is because the universe exists much longer than human beings, so for small people, the universe is eternal. In the same way, for a mayfly, their concept of life is to be born, mate, lay eggs and then die, isn't it the same with people, but ours is richer and longer, so in the eyes of mayflies, people are eternal; But there are also animals that only live for a few hours, which is shorter than them, so they feel like they have a long life.

I'm sorry that the logic may be a bit confusing, but it probably means: they are compared to the concept of a short growth, and although they refer to different things, the final feeling is the same.

They don't have such complex senses, they should have no sense of time, some are just instincts.

The human brain is the most developed, and I think that the nervous system of the mayflies and other creatures you are talking about is far inferior to that of humans, not to mention abstract feelings, and I think that the mission of the survival of various creatures is to reproduce, such as the mayflies you said, his survival time is enough for him to complete his mission, and what is the shortness of time. As for the details you mention, there is a saying that says, "The devil is in the details.""