Why is it said that electrons are not particles, but electron clouds that are electrically negative

Electrons are particles, not electron clouds.

An electron cloud is a path that an electron travels through and looks like a cloud. However, this is only a textbook view, and the idea that electrons move in a waveform is based on an uncertain relationship (uncertainty relationship). Actually, no, any particle moves in a straight line.

The uncertain relationship is wrong, no object is a ghost, physics is clear, and there is only one trajectory of movement of matter, and it is not uncertain, nor can it be measured.

In my discourse, each electron has a fixed path. Therefore, the path traveled by a single electron is not like a cloud, but has a fixed path.

Learn to think and don't think that physics books are correct. You've done a great job of that.

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Reference: "Unraveling the Mystery of Energy" by Li Qingmei.

Which one says?

The person who wrote the book probably only studied quantum mechanics and not quantum field theory.

Electrons are particles, but not particles in the classical sense, and their motion does not have a definite orbit like a classical object, but only a specific probability of transition between any two points. The electron cloud is just a statistical description of the position of electrons in space. Let me give you an analogy, you are an electron, and your three points and one line in the cafeteria, classroom, and dormitory are the electronic cloud.

You can say that electrons are particles, but more often than not, they are considered to be probabilistic waves, and if the electrons are all dotted at the next moment, then there are too many dots, and they look like clouds.

Atoms can be divided into nuclei and extranuclear electrons, the nucleus is divided into proton base beams and neutrons, a proton with a unit positive charge, neutrons do not send grinding charged, the number of protons in the core of the nucleus is equal to the number of electrons outside the nucleus, and an electron has a unit negative charge, so the charge carried by the nucleus and the charge carried by the electrons outside the nucleus are equal, and the electrical properties are opposite, so the whole atom is not electrically charged

Therefore, the answer is: the positive charge carried by the proton and the negative charge carried by the electron are equal, and the electric power is opposite, canceling each other, and all are invisible

Elementary particles also include photons, gluons, and neutrinos.

Protons are not elementary particles, and it can only be said that protons are the most stable baryons. This is because protons are the lightest of all the baryons, and the number of baryons must be conserved for all processes, which protects the protons from becoming something else. The same goes for electrons.

Because protons are not the most basic, they can pursue a deeper level of decomposition. The decomposed substance can still exist.

Because electrons can move, producing energy, while protons cannot.

According to the composition of the atom: the atom is composed of the nucleus and the electrons outside the nucleus, and the nucleus is composed of protons and neutrons (protons are positively charged, neutrons are not charged) The nucleus is positively charged, and the electrons are negatively charged, and the charge charge of both is the same, one positive and one negative, so the whole atom shows electrical neutrality

So the answer is: the particles that make up atoms are protons, neutrons, and electrons;

The oxygen atom has 8 protons and 8 neutrons to form the nucleus, and the 8 electrons move at high speed outside the nucleus;

8 protons in the nucleus have a positive charge of 8 units, 8 electrons have a negative charge of 8 units, neutrons are not charged, the charge of the proton band is equal to the charge of the electron band outside the nucleus, the electrical properties are opposite, so the whole atom is not electrical

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Answer B shows from the concept of Layin's "antimatter" that in anti-retard matter, one proton has a negative charge of one unit, and one electron has a positive charge of one unit

There are no more electrons or fewer electrons in the atom, so that the free electrons can make a transition under the action of electromotive force, and the number of electrons in the atom can always be kept unchanged during the transition process. That is, only if the number of electrons in the atom remains unchanged, can the electrons not be piled up, and the flow of electrons can be guaranteed and the current can be guaranteed. So there will be no more electrons in the atom, and there will be no less electrons.

Friction is not that the electrons are negatively charged if the binding force is strong, and the electrons are positively charged if the binding force is weak, but that the frictional material is a bad conductor, so that the frictional energy is converted into the kinetic energy of the electrons on the friction surface, so that the electron distribution parameters in the orbit are changed. The parameters are changed so that the friction surface particles produce polarity similar to magnetic domains. It's just that magnetite is metal, and the magnetic domain polarity is at both ends of the surface, and the friction is because it is a sedan ridge insulator, so that one pole of the magnetic domain polarity is on the friction surface, and the other pole is in the inner closed permeability part of the surface.

This causes different objects to rub against the surface, revealing a similar phenomenon of different charges.

If the atom gets electrons, then the number of electrons is greater than the number of protons in the nucleus, the number of positive charges in the atomic belt is greater than the number of negative charges, and the atom shows that the belt is chaotic and negative; If the atom loses electrons, then the number of electrons is less than the number of protons in the nucleus, and the positive charge failure index of the original gamete band is less than the negative charge number, and the atom shows that the positively charged charge is the name of the charged substance: the electric nucleus is the electron core of the charged body.

Atoms can be divided into nuclei and extranuclear electrons, the nucleus is divided into protons and neutrons, a proton with a unit positive charge, neutrons are not charged, the number of protons in the core of the atom is equal to the number of electrons outside the nucleus, and an electron has a unit of negative charge, so the charge carried by the nucleus and the charge carried by the electrons outside the nucleus are equal, and the electrical properties are opposite, so the whole atom is not electrically charged

Therefore, the answer is: the positive charge carried by the proton and the negative charge carried by the electron are equal, the electrical properties are opposite, cancel each other, and all are not electrically apparent

Electrons are particles.

An atom is made up of a nucleus and electrons, the nucleus is positively charged and the electrons are negatively charged.

Comparatively, the mass of electrons is negligible. When for some reason (such as friction), the object loses a part of the electron, or gains a part of the electron, the object becomes charged, also known as "carrying charge", the lack of electrons is called carrying a positive charge, and the surplus of electrons is called carrying a negative charge.

The measurement of the amount of electric charge is "coulomb", and the measurement of "coulomb" is to introduce the charge on the charged object into two small balls in a vacuum, and then the repulsive force between the two metal balls is generated because of the same kind of charge, and then the repulsive force of the two small balls is read out and then the amount of charge carried on the original charged object is calculated. Essentially, it is a measure of how many "Newtons" there is in the "repulsive force" between two charged objects, is the force a particle? If force is not a particle, can we say how many Newtons there are?

At present, it is possible to calculate how many electrons are in the electricity of 1 "coulomb", but it is specified that "1 coulomb"The amount of power contained in it does not take into account the relationship between it and the number of electrons.

At least I've never heard the phrase "one charge". The amount of charge is a continuous reading and is not discrete.

An electric charge is a type of particle, and a substance is made up of an electric charge with other particles. Each charge has certain characteristics.

Say "One charge."""Several charges" refers to particles with several charges.