How to evaluate the Bourbaki school and what is the process of the formation of the Bourbaki school?

The Bourbaki school is good.

The School of Bourbaki is a group of mathematical structuralists formed by a group of French mathematicians. It began to take shape in the 30s of the 20th century. Bourbaki is a member of this group and is the pen name of the author of the published book Principia Mathematica (about 40 volumes).

They engage in mathematical analysis from a structuralist point of view, arguing that mathematical structures do not have any predetermined characteristics, but rather that they are aggregates that focus only on the relationship between them.

Impact:

The Bourbaki members tried to base the whole of mathematics on set theory, although this was initially opposed by many people. Algebraic geometry, which has been formed for decades and centuries, has many achievements, large and small.

The question of whether or not a rigorous mathematical edifice can be formed on the basis of abstract algebra and topology became the litmus test of Bourbaki's view. At the end of 1935, the members of Bourbaki agreed on mathematical structure as the basic principle of categorical mathematical theory. The idea of "mathematical structure" was an important invention of the Bourbaki school.

In 1939, a new book was published in a Parisian bookstore, Mathematics Prima (Volume I), signed by Nicolas Bourbaki, and his name was unknown. Due to the outbreak of World War II, the book is not well known. However, the book continued to be published, averaging one volume a year, and slowly became famous, but no one knew who Bourbaki was, and later it became a "mystery" in the world of mathematics.

Bourbaki was full of creativity and almost every year, he presented a new volume of Mathematical Originals to the world. Bourbaki's achievements restored the glory of French mathematics history. But in the French mathematical community, mathematicians did not have the opportunity to catch a glimpse of this rising star of mathematics.

In 1986, a speech entitled "Bourbaki's Career" finally unraveled the mystery of Bourbaki's background. It turned out that Bourbaki was not a single person, but a creative and energetic collective.

During the First World War, the French ** drove all the university students to the front, which caused catastrophic damage to the cause of science in France. At the École Normale Supérieure in Paris alone, 2 3 students fell victim to the war, and a generation of vacancies appeared in the French mathematical community. It is clear that French mathematics is lagging behind.

In 1924, a group of 18-year-olds came to study at the École Normale Supérieure in Paris, France's highest university, determined to reorganize all the mathematics that had been made up to date with the latest ideas. These fledgling young people are ready to spend three years writing a "Mathematical Original" and establishing their own system. As a result, they wrote for 40 years, which is still not finished, but the Bourbaki school was formed in the process.