What are airplanes made of? What can you do on an airplane

There are generally steel, aviation aluminum alloys, composite materials, and some powerful titanium alloys, carbon fibers, etc. The engine, the less the higher the efficiency, the current engine, the general aircraft 2 engines are already very safe, when a failure of the aircraft can still fly, this has a reliable theory as a guarantee, so don't worry, not 4 rounds must be higher than 2 rounds of safety factor, this has more to do with the engine itself. The problem with the wing, the safety is better, and the inspection of civil airliners is very strict.

However, it is true that there are problems with the wings, such as the A6, which broke due to fatigue. Then there is the problem that LZ said, the strength and stiffness of the wing are also related to the internal structure, not only the material, but also, the stiffness of memory is not as great as possible, just like a willow tree is less likely to break in a strong wind. Moreover, the strength and stiffness of civil airliners are obvious and small for fighters.

1. The main components and functions of flight So far, except for a few special forms of aircraft, most aircraft are composed of five main parts: wings, fuselage, tail, landing gear and power plant: 1Wings – The main function of a wing is to generate lift to support the aircraft in the air, while also playing a certain stabilizing and operational role.

Ailerons and flaps are generally installed on the wings, and the ailerons can be manipulated to make the aircraft roll, and the lift can be increased by lowering the flaps. Engines, landing gear and fuel tanks can also be installed on the wings. Aircraft for different purposes have different wing shapes and sizes.

2.Fuselage - The main function of the fuselage is to load passengers, passengers, cargo and various equipment, and connect other parts of the aircraft such as wings, tail and engines into a whole.

3.Tail – The tail includes a horizontal tail and a vertical tail. The horizontal tail is composed of a fixed water stabilizer and a movable elevator, and some high-speed aircraft combine the horizontal stabilizer and the elevator into a full-motion flat tail.

The vertical tail includes a fixed vertical stabilizer and movable rudders. The function of the tail is to control the pitch and deflection of the aircraft to ensure that the aircraft can fly smoothly. 4.

Landing gear - The landing gear of the aircraft is mostly composed of shock absorbing struts and wheels, which are used to support the aircraft during take-off, landing and landing, ground taxiing and parking. 5.Powerplant – The powerplant is mainly used to generate pull and thrust to move the aircraft forward.

Secondly, it can also provide power supply for other electrical equipment on the aircraft. At present, aircraft power units are widely used in aviation piston engines plus propeller thrusters, turbojet engines, turboprop engines and turbofan engines.

In addition to the engine itself, the power plant includes a series of systems that ensure the proper functioning of the engine. In addition to these five main parts, the aircraft is also equipped with various instruments, communication equipment, pilotage equipment, safety equipment and other equipment according to the needs of the aircraft's operation and mission.

In foreign countries, there are generally more than 50% of composite materials, mainly because the aircraft is light and heavy. However, due to China's poor technology in composite materials, it mainly uses alloys, including composite materials used in some parts of aircraft such as J-10 and 11.

At present, aluminum alloy is mainly used in an aircraft, titanium alloy and stainless steel are used in some high-temperature parts, and non-metallic composite materials are used in some places such as radomes.

Airplanes are done. If there is no one, you just have good talents, and it is useless.

Summary. What can you do on an airplane

Procedures and precautions for taking a plane:1First of all, before taking the plane, you need to prepare your luggage, and when preparing your suitcase, you should know that the average passenger's suitcase must not exceed 20 kg, and the dimensions must be within 100 cm x 60 cm x 40 cm.

2.Baggage over 20 kg is subject to the excess baggage fee of the fare. It should also be noted that lighters, cutlery and other flammable, explosive and dangerous things cannot be carried on board.

3.When going to the airport, it is better to be sure to arrive at the airport 1 or 2 hours in advance, and also pay attention to which terminal it is, because sometimes an airport has several terminals. 4.

After all, you still need to get a boarding pass and check in your luggage, so if you finish the process in advance, you can go to the departure hall corresponding to the boarding pass and wait for boarding, and then you can complete the boarding at the prompt of the staff.

Tips: When taking public transportation, you should plan in advance, try to reach your destination as much as possible, avoid transfers, reduce the stay time in relatively confined spaces such as waiting and waiting halls, and stagger the peak time when people are concentrated. Wear a mask and carry personal protective equipment such as disinfectant wipes and hand sanitizer after going out.

How the plane is done is as follows:

Take a rectangular piece of paper, fold the rectangular paper in half along one of the middle lines, so that the two long sides coincide, press out the crease in the middle, and then open it. Fold the two right angles on one width of the rectangle to the same side so that the two right angles become a right angled side.

Fold the folded right angle to the right so that the vertex of the folded right angle is on the middle crease. Fold the two right angles on one side to the same side so that the two right angles become a right angled edge, and fold the small corners below upward. Fold along the crease in the middle so that both sides of the crease partially coincide.

Aeroplane (airplane) refers to a heavier-than-air aircraft with one or more engines that generates forward thrust or pull, and lift is generated by the fixed wings of the fuselage, flying above, middle and lower in the atmosphere.

One of the most significant inventions of the early 20th century, recognized by the American Wright brothers. Their flight on December 17, 1903, was recognized by the Fédération Internationale de Nautical (FAI) as "the first controlled, sustained powered flight of a heavier-than-air aircraft", and in the same year they founded the Wright Aircraft Company. Since the invention of the airplane, it has profoundly changed and affected people's lives, and the airplane has increasingly become an indispensable tool of modern civilization.

Airplanes are made of an alloy called duralumin. Duralumin: Since the invention of duralumin by German chemist Alfred Wilm (1869-1937) in 1906, it was widely used in the manufacture of aircraft during the First World War because of its light and strong properties.

In fact, duralumin is a type of aluminum alloy. It contains about 4 copper, magnesium, and a small amount of manganese and silicon. Duralumin has made a great contribution to aircraft materials, and even when it comes to aircraft materials, duralumin is associated with them.

Properties: The biggest feature of aluminum is that it is lightweight, and the density is only about one-third of that of iron. Of all the practical metals, aluminum is the lightest of all the practical metals, except for magnesium (density and beryllium (density), so it is often used as a material for making aircraft.

The conductivity of commonly used aluminum wire is about 61% of copper, aluminum also has a high thermal conductivity, half of silver, and the melting point of pure aluminum is 660 degrees Celsius. Although pure aluminium is extremely soft and malleable, it is reliably cold-worked and alloyed to harden it, with commonly used alloying elements such as copper, magnesium, manganese, chromium, silicon, and iron. Because of its resistance to many chemicals and its durability for outdoor use, aluminum is a useful metal.

The purity of aluminium is very high, generally in between, and the highest can be achieved. Its electrical conductivity and heat transfer are second only to copper, and it is an excellent conductor and heat transferr. In addition, aluminum also has the advantages of good ductility, not easy to rust, beautiful appearance, easy processing, etc., and its application range is very wide.

Oxides: Aluminium can be made from a wide variety of things: the main material of airplanes, cooking utensils in the home, such as pots, kettles, etc.

The main reason for the popularity of aluminum is naturally that it is lightweight, strong and resistant to rust. But why are aluminum products less prone to rust? Because the surface of the aluminum produces a thin film of alumina, the structure of this film is very dense, so the aluminum inside is not easy to corrode.

Reference: The alloy (((alloy))) should be made of titanium.

The scientific name of the aircraft ** is aircraft skin, which is a dimensional part outside the skeleton structure of the aircraft.

Materials: from cloth to alloy.

When the airplane was invented, the skin used was usually a textile cloth: the cloth was wrapped around the wooden or metal structure of the airplane and then coated with a waterproof and airproof material.

This rudimentary skin is easily affected by the environment, so during the First World War, countries focused their attention on the development and application of metal material skins. By the time of World War II, aluminum alloy skin had become the mainstream configuration of fighter aircraft.

Today, the skin material of conventional aircraft is mainly aluminum-magnesium alloy, and some high-performance aircraft will use titanium alloy or composite materials.

Shapes: from single to complex.

According to its shape, aircraft skin can be divided into single curvature skin, double curvature skin and complex shape skin.

As the name suggests, single curvature skin has a relatively simple shape, with curvature in only one direction, and is mostly used in the fuselage and wing of aircraft.

The hyperbolic skin has a pull shape in both directions and is generally used in most air intakes and parts of an aircraft.

Complex shapes, skinned ......Literally, it is used for parts such as the nose hood and wingtips.

Installation: To rivet not weld.

The riveting process is relatively simple, high stability, and more convenient for maintenance: the aircraft is generally larger, and the riveted skin can be used to disassemble and repair the problematic parts during aircraft maintenance, without destroying the structure of the entire aircraft.

The welding process is not only complex and has low stability, but also needs to be disassembled during repair. At present, the alloy materials used in general aircraft skins are prone to defects such as bubbles during welding, resulting in uneven surfaces and ultimately endangering the flight safety of aircraft.

Maintenance: Delicate skin.

Aircraft skins can corrode in complex environments, so they must be protected by a coating on their outside. If necessary, it is also protected by specialized technologies such as cathodic protection.

Damage to the skin of the aircraft will lead to a decrease in the strength of the relevant parts and affect the aerodynamic performance of the aircraft, and ultimately endanger the flight safety of the aircraft. Therefore, the aircraft skin needs to be checked at all times, and the damaged parts must be repaired and replaced in a timely manner.

Hello, the production process of the aircraft includes several stages, such as program research, design, test, parts production, component assembly, complete aircraft configuration and flight test. However, the first batch of aircraft is generally only produced in one or a few aircraft, and then the strength test and flight test are carried out, and only after the improvement can they be put into formal production. Once the aircraft leaves the factory, it has to be further tested and tested until it meets the safety specifications required by the official body responsible for inspecting and issuing the airworthiness certificate before it can be put into use on the route.

Therefore, it often takes several years, or even more than ten years, for a new aircraft to be designed and produced. Due to the large number of parts and components of the aircraft, the complex structure and connection form, and the high quality requirements, it is not only slow to rely on an aircraft manufacturing company to manufacture, but also uneconomical, so the manufacture of aircraft is often the cooperation of many companies or even companies in different countries. For example, China's Xi'an Aircraft Manufacturing Company began to carry out international cooperation with Boeing in 1980 to carry out international cooperation in aviation products, and in 1982, it produced 104 aviation parts for Boeing; In 1984, the production of 737 access doors for Boeing began; In 1986, it was approved to manufacture vertical tail for the American Boeing 737 passenger aircraft, and by December 1993, Xi'an company has undertaken 70% of the total vertical tail production of Boeing 737 aircraft.

Buy your ticket first.

Pay attention to the time, it is best to arrive at the airport early and do not miss your flight.

Give your ticket and ID to the airport check-in staff at the appropriate counter.

Give the passenger's boarding pass and ID card to the security officer for inspection.

Put your belongings in the X-ray screening machine next to you for inspection.

After checking through the security gate, you can go to the departure hall to wait for your flight.

Hear the boarding announcement and board the plane to find your seat on the plane.

The paper airplane method is as follows:

1. Prepare materials: a quarter of A4 colored paper.

2. Fold the 21x15 cm origami in half along the long side, fold the two corners in half to form a triangle towards the midline, and fold it 2 more times.

3. Fold the end outward, then fold it in half along the midline, and fold the middle part upward.

4. Open the middle part and press it down and fold it flat, and fold the two ends upward.

5. Concave the middle part along the crease, and fold the end up.

Paper airplanes

It is a toy airplane made of paper, it is a toy that children like, it may be the most common form of aviation origami handicraft, it is the easiest to grasp a type of origami, and it is loved by beginners and even masters. The simplest way to fold paper airplanes can be done in just 6 steps.

You can use a rectangular piece of paper, such as A3, A4, or Letter (A4 or Lette is better), to make this paper airplane. The paper airplane that I played with as a child, a sport that can be carried out with a piece of paper, has gradually evolved into a competitive event, and there are also special competitions.

From November 8th to 10th, the 2018 National Paper Airplane Carnival and the finals of the "Flying Dreams" National Youth Paper Airplane Communication Competition, sponsored by the Air Traffic Management Center of the General Administration of Sports of the People's Republic of China and the China Aviation Association, undertaken by the Hangzhou Model Radio Orienteering Association, and implemented by the Zhejiang Zhejiang Tourism and Cultural Exhibition, were held in Hengdian Film and Television City, Zhejiang.