How was the first RNA virus discovered? Which scientist discovered it?

The first in the worldRNA virusesIt was discovered by a German agricultural chemist named Meier, who discovered the RNA virus by accident while studying tobacco mosaic leaves. At that time, Maier was conducting a scientific research on tobacco. Therefore, this RNA virus that exists in plants is also named "tobacco mosaic virus."

Mayer's discovery of this RNA virus, called "tobacco mosaic virus", was a complete accident, and the reason why I say this is because in the 20th century, people had no concept of "virus". Most scientists at that time believed that bacteria were the main cause of disease and damage. Including Pasteur.

Scientists such as Koch only supported the theory that "bacteria cause disease".

At that time, tobacco farmers in Germany found that the tobacco they grew would inexplicably appear various light green markings, which led to a sharp decline in the yield of tobacco from breeding pigs, and the quality of tobacco was also greatly reduced. So Maier began to study the tobacco grown by farmers, which lasted for three years.

In 1879, Mayer began to study tobacco, and in 1882, Meier officially named the tobacco disease "tobacco mosaic disease". It was not all at once that the tobacco mosaic virus was extracted, but it took a long time to study it.

At first, Maier was suspiciousPathogensThe tobacco mosaic caused problems, but he later ruled out the idea through experiments. Because people didn't know enough about viruses at that time, but people knew that viruses were smaller than bacteria, so Maier turned his attention to smaller research directions. <>

The tobacco leaves are ground and then filtered, separated and extracted. After countless filtrations, a clear liquid is obtained. Mel then examined the liquid under a microscope, but did not observe the bacteria he had expected.

Only then did Mel realize that the substance that causes the tobacco mosaic virus must be something smaller than bacteria.

Therefore, Maier opened a precedent for human research on tobacco mosaic leaves, and also laid a theoretical foundation for human later research, and had an extremely far-reaching impact on later generations.

The first RNA virus was discovered by American scientists Andrew Farr and Craig Melo. This is because some scientists inserted a red pigment gene into the morning glory, and he hoped that the morning glory could grow more beautifully, but what he didn't expect was that the morning glory not only did not become more vivid, but also turned white, so the RNA virus was discovered.

The first RNA virus was discovered because someone was infected with the virus at the time, and the RNA virus was discovered through the continued work of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the efforts of knowledgeable doctors and scientists.

In 1886, Mayer, a German working in the Netherlands, crushed the leaves of tobacco plants suffering from mosaic disease with water, and injected the sap into the veins of healthy tobacco, which could cause mosaic disease, proving that the disease was contagious. Through the analysis of leaves and soil, Maier pointed out that tobacco mosaic disease is caused by bacteria.

There is either DNA or RNA in a virus, and no two are present in one virus at the same time.

Both DNA or RNA are present in the center of the virus. A virus is a non-cellular life form with a tiny, simple structure, composed of a protein shell and genetic material inside, with a long nucleic acid chain inside and a protein coat on the outside.

The protein coat of the virus is called the capsid protein, and the genetic material (RNA or DNA) is encased in the middle by the capsid protein. Capsid proteins have a protective effect on genetic material.

Viruses are divided into DNA viruses and RNA viruses. Viruses do not have a cell structure, only protein shells and internal genetic material, DNA viruses use DNA as genetic material, can be transcribed and translated in the host cell to produce proteins corresponding to their own DNA, RNA viruses can reverse transcribe in the host cell to generate DNA corresponding to their own gene sequences, and then transcribe and translate to generate the required proteins, RNA virus nucleic acids generally cannot be directly translated in the host cell to generate protein products.

Genetic material is generally found within the nucleocapsid of a mature virus.

1. As long as there is a cellular structure, whether it is a prokaryotic or a eukaryotic organism, the cell has both DNA and RNA

So both cyanobacteria and yeast have both DNA and RNA

2. The structure of the virus is very simple, only protein and nucleic acid are composed, there is no cell structure, and only one of the two nucleic acids, DNA and RNA, can appear. Viruses that only have DNA are called DNA viruses, and only one is learned in high school: bacteriophages; RNA-only viruses are called RNA viruses, and a lot is learned in high school:

HIV, influenza virus, tobacco mosaic virus, and many more.