What is latitude and longitude Give an example

In order to accurately indicate the position of various places on the earth, people have assumed a coordinate system for the earth's surface, which is the line of latitude and longitude. So, how did the original latitude and longitude lines come about? How is it measured?

In 344 A.D., Alexander crossed the sea and invaded the sea, and then went on an expedition to the east, accompanied by the military geographer Nirkus, who searched for information along the way, and prepared to draw a "map of the world". He found that the route of Alexander's crusade was similar from west to east, regardless of the change of seasons and the length of sunshine. An important contribution was made - for the first time on earth, a line of latitude was drawn from the Strait of Gibraltar and along the Torus and the Himalayas to the Pacific Ocean.

Alexander's empire was short-lived and soon collapsed. But in the Egyptian city named after Alexandria, a famous library appeared, and Eratosthenes, who had been the director for many years, was very knowledgeable and proficient in mathematics, astronomy, and geography. He calculated the circumference of the Earth at 46,250 kilometres and drew a map of the world with seven meridians and six parallels.

In 120 A.D., a young man also studied astronomy and geography in this ancient library. He was Claudius Ptolemy. Ptolemy synthesized the research results of his predecessors and believed that the drawing of maps should be based on the fixed points of known latitude and longitude, and proposed the concept of drawing a network of latitude and longitude lines on the map.

To this end, Ptolemy measured the latitude and longitude of important cities and strongholds in the Mediterranean and compiled eight volumes of geography. This includes the latitude and longitude of 8,000 places. In order to make the latitude and longitude lines of the earth depict on a flat surface, he managed to draw the latitude and longitude lines into simple fan shapes, thus drawing the famous "Ptolemaic map".

At the beginning of the 15th century, the navigator Henry began to put the "Ptolemaic map" into practice. However, after repeated investigations, it was found that the map was not practical. Some of Henry's captains said regretfully

In spite of our admiration for the famous Ptolemy, we find that the truth is the opposite of what he says. ”

To correctly determine latitude and longitude, the key is to have a "standard clock". It is obviously much more convenient and practical to make accurate clocks to keep time at sea than to rely on celestial bodies. Advances in mechanical engineering in the 18th century finally set the stage for solving this long-standing problem.

There is a watchmaker Harrison in Yorkshire, England, who spent 42 years making five timepieces in a row, each more precise and perfect than the other, and the accuracy is getting higher and higher. The fifth, which was the size of a pocket watch, caused an error of only 1 3 miles in longitude. Around the same time, a marine timepiece designed and manufactured by the French clockmaker Pierre Leroy was put into use.

At this point, the problem of determining longitude at sea has finally been preliminarily resolved.

The above one is too troublesome.

In order to find exactly every point of the earth, people divide the latitude and longitude lines on the earth.

Meridian: North-south pointing ends at the poles.

Parallel: parallel to the equator.

Latitude and longitude is like a coordinate system, giving you a latitude and longitude to find exactly where you are on a map.

Such as:"40'e,30'n"Write it like this.

It's actually quite simple.

Longitude: The line that connects the center of the Earth's north and south poles.

Latitude: A line perpendicular to longitude.

There's so much to talk about upstairs.

Troublesome. Think of it as a planar Cartesian coordinate system.

Or a mesh thing.

Longitude and latitude refer to the geographic coordinates where a region is located. Longitude and latitude is the combined name of longitude and latitude to form a coordinate system, called the geographic coordinate system, which is a spherical coordinate system that uses the spherical surface of three-dimensional space to define the space on the earth, and can mark any position on the earth.

Areas with latitude values between 0 and 30 degrees are called low latitudes; Areas with latitude values between 30 and 60 degrees are called mid-latitudes; Areas with latitude values between 60 and 90 degrees are called high latitudes.

Distribution of latitude and longitude. Longitude is divided into 360 degrees, with 1 time zone every 15 degrees, of which 0 degrees is called the prime meridian, which is the first place to enter a new day, and then every 1 time zone to the west is 1 hour apart. Latitude refers to the line between a point and the center of the Earth's sphere and the angle of the Earth's equatorial plane, and its value is between 0 and 90 degrees.

The latitude of a point located north of the equator is called north latitude and is denoted as n, and the latitude of a point located south of the equator is called southern latitude and denoted as s.

Astronomical latitude and longitude: Indicates the position of the ground point on the geoid and is expressed in astronomical longitude and astronomical latitude.

Astronomical longitude: The angle between the zenith meridian of the observation point and the Zenith meridian of Greenwich.

On Earth, it is defined as a two-sided angle between the prime meridian and the observation point.

Astronomical latitude: Defined on Earth as the angle between the plumb line and the plane of the equator.

Longitude of the earth: Refers to the angle between the meridian of the earth and the prime meridian at a point on the ellipsoid. East longitude is positive, west longitude is negative.

Geodetic latitude 8 3: Refers to the angle between the vertical line (normal) of a point on the reference ellipsoid and the plane of the equator. The northern latitude is positive and the southern latitude is negative.

Correct representation of latitude and longitude: east longitude is represented by "e", west longitude is represented by "w", latitude and longitude is the combined name of longitude and latitude to form a coordinate system, called geographic coordinate system, it is a spherical coordinate system that uses the spherical surface of three-dimensional space to define the space on the earth, and can mark any position on the earth.

The parallel, like the meridian, is an auxiliary line assumed by humans for the convenience of measurement, and is defined as the trajectory formed by the rotation of the earth at a point on the earth's surface. Any one of the wefts is round and parallel to each other. The length of the parallels is the circumference of the equator multiplied by the cosine of the latitude of the parallel, so the equator is the longest, and the farther away from the equator, the shorter the circumference, and it shrinks to 0 at the poles.

From the equator to the north and south, each 90°, is called the north and south latitudes, which are denoted by "n" and "s", respectively. The longitude is divided into east and west, the guide is north, and the latitude is divided into north and south, referring to east and west.

1. The characteristics of the meridian: connecting the north and south poles (indicating the north and south), alias the meridian, the length is equal, and the shape is equal (all are semicircles).

2. The characteristics of the weft: perpendicular to the meridian, parallel to the equator and all parallel, all of them are circle-shaped, indicating things.

3. The meridian, also known as the "meridian", is an auxiliary line assumed by human beings for the convenience of measurement, and is defined as a semicircle that connects the north and south poles on the earth's instrument plane and is perpendicular to the parallel. Everything on the earth that is formed by the plane of the earth's axis is cut off from the ground by the plane of the earth's axis is called a "warp coil". The semicircle in which the warp coil is divided by the poles is called the "warp".

4. The latitude line is the trajectory formed by the rotation of the earth at a certain point on the earth's surface. All the parallels are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the meridians, which point east-west. The weft is shaped as a circle.

5. The size of the weft coil is different, the equator is the largest weft coil, and the weft coil gradually shrinks from the equator to the poles, and shrinks to the south and north poles into points.

6. The meridian and parallel are drawn on globes and maps in order to determine the position and direction on the earth, and there are no latitude and longitude lines on the ground. The warp and weft are perpendicular to each other.

Longitude affects the time of time and the amount of precipitation. For example, the earlier you go to the east, the later you go. The coastal areas are humid and the inland areas are arid.

Latitude affects the magnitude of the sun's altitude angle and the amount of heat it gets, i.e., the temperature. For example, the lower the latitude, the higher the altitude of the sun, the more heat it gets, and the higher the temperature; The higher the latitude, the lower the altitude of the sun, the less heat it gains, and the lower the temperature.