Excuse me, about philosophy. The following are the rules

1. Commodities are in short supply, and there is an oversupply of goods) This is not a law, but a phenomenon that reflects the law of value. The law is an intrinsic thing, which cannot be seen or touched, and it is the law of value that determines the supply and demand of commodities. The law of value is the basic economic law of commodity production and commodity exchange.

That is, the amount of value of commodities depends on the socially necessary labor time, and commodities are exchanged with each other according to the principle of equal value.

2. Metabolism.

It can be seen as the law of the development of things.

3. The relations of production must meet the requirements of the productive forces.

It is a law, that is, the productive forces must develop forward, and the relations of production are relatively stable, and when the productive forces develop to a certain extent, the original relations of production will not be adapted to the development of the productive forces, and the new productive forces will break through the shackles of the old relations of production and form new relations of production, and society will therefore move forward.

4. Day and night cycle.

It's not a rule, it's just a phenomenon caused by the rotation of the earth.

Whether it is a law or not depends on whether it is an inevitable and essential thing within a thing, and what can be seen and touched is only a phenomenon.

1.The law of value in the market, the value of commodities is determined, and the value fluctuates around the value due to the influence of supply and demand.

2.The law of growth of the living body, the --- of birth and growth --- vigorous--- the result is --- decline --- death, the whole process is accompanied by metabolism, that is, the old useless things on the body are discarded, and new things grow out.

3.The general law of social development is that the productive forces determine the relations of production, and the relations of production react on the productive forces. If the relations of production do not adapt to the productive forces, they will bring about a negative hindrance, and in order to liberate the productive forces, the people will be willing to be replaced by new relations of production; On the contrary, it will play a supportive role and will be maintained.

4.The laws of nature, the effect of the rotation of the earth.

The philosophical meaning of law refers to the essential connection in the development of objective things, which has a universal form. Law and essence are concepts of equal degree, and both refer to aspects inherent in the inherently dispersed nature of things, which are hidden behind phenomena and determine or govern them.

However, essence refers to the internal connection of things, which is composed of the internal contradictions of things, while law refers to the essential relationship or stable connection between essences of the same kind of phenomena in terms of the process of development of things, which is the relatively static content of the ever-changing world of phenomena. Laws work repeatedly, and as long as the necessary conditions are met, the phenomenon of complying with the rules and regulations will inevitably recur.

Philosophical laws refer to general principles or truths that encapsulate within the philosophical realm. These principles or truths may be the result of a deep understanding of human experience or existence, or they may be the result of reflection on certain philosophical questions. For example, in ethics, a law might mean that "any action should follow a moral principle," while in metaphysics, a law might mean that "all existence is driven by a fundamental principle."

Answer]: A The first step is to examine philosophy.

In the second step, agnosticism is a type of epistemology that holds that the world itself cannot be known except for sensations or phenomena. "Sensation is the barrier between man and the world" is Hume's view. He believes that there is a barrier between man and the world, and that the goal of understanding the world can never be achieved by relying on people's sense of being in early hiding.

Recognition of the identity between thinking and being is a typical view of agnosticism.

The following items belong to the content of this question.

a.What is the primacy of thinking and being?

b.Can thinking produce theories.

c.Whether there is an identity between thinking and being.

d.Whether the mind can correctly reflect existence.

e.Whether the mind can react to existence.

The correct answer is ACD

a.What is the primacy of thinking and being?

b.Can thinking produce theories.

c.Whether there is an identity between thinking and being.

d.Whether the mind can correctly reflect existence.

Parse. In the first step, this question tests philosophical knowledge.

The second step, item a: What is the primacy of matter and consciousness is the basis and fundamental starting point for the establishment of the theoretical system of all philosophy, which stipulates the basic nature of philosophy and the basic direction for solving all philosophical problems. Therefore, Engels took the difference between thinking and existence as the only criterion for dividing the two basic philosophical schools of thought and idealism.

Item A is in line with the title and is elected.

Item C: The question of whether thinking and existence are identical, that is, whether the world can be known by people and whether people's thinking can correctly reflect the real world, belongs to the basic questions of philosophy. This belongs to the scope of epistemology in the history of philosophy, which deals with the nature of knowledge, the possibility of knowledge and its realization, etc., so that philosophy can be divided into two basic views: "knowability" and "agnosticism".

Item c is in line with the title and is elected.

Expand. Item B: Whether thinking can produce theories is not the basis of the fundamental question of philosophy. Item B error, exclude.

Item D: Whether thinking can correctly reflect existence is not the basic problem of philosophy, but the concretization of the basic problem of philosophy. Item D error, exclude.

Test Centers. Politics.

Marxist philosophy.

Philosophical Overview.

Answer] What :d philosophy studies is the essence and laws common to all things in the world, that is to say, all the laws and essences studied by philosophy must be applicable to all fields of the world. Therefore, Wang Kai D was chosen.