How is the price index obtained?

First of all, 226 cities and counties, 9,382 retail stores and farmers' markets of various types were selected nationwide. In addition, in order to increase the representativeness of their own regions, 194 cities, counties and 5,189 stores were selected in each province (municipality) and autonomous region. as the selected point.

The second is to determine the products and specifications for which the index will be calculated. There are 383 commodities and 20 service items** indexes stipulated by the National Bureau of Statistics for the compilation of retail price indexes. These goods and services were selected from the household income survey data of more than 30,000 households and are representative to a certain extent.

Residents spend more than 80 per cent of their total expenditure on these goods and services.

The third step is to send price investigators, and at the same time hire 10,000 auxiliary investigators to collect various markets at regular and fixed points every day in stores and farmers' markets dealing in vegetables, meat, aquatic products, non-staple foods, and daily industrial consumer goods, and calculate the daily average of the price of various commodities, bargaining, and market adjustment prices, and then calculate the average social average of the commodity according to the number of the same commodity purchased in various forms provided by the household income survey.

Finally, the index of individual commodities is calculated according to the average of the whole society in the current period and the comparative period of various commodities. On the basis of calculating the ** index of various commodities, the total index is calculated by weighting the consumption composition of the household income and expenditure survey of urban and rural residents.

The basic method of calculating the price index is to multiply the ** of various commodities in the calculation period by the sales volume of various commodities in the calculation period, and then divide by the ** of various commodities in the base period multiplied by the sales volume of various commodities in the base period. The product of the ** of each commodity in the calculation period and the sales volume of each commodity in the calculation period, minus the product of the ** of each commodity in the base period and the sales volume of various commodities in the base period, indicates the amount of savings or overpayment due to price changes when consumers purchase goods in the calculation period.

In practice, depending on the information available, the price index can also be calculated using arithmetic or harmonized averages.

The price index is calculated by CPI = (the value of a fixed set of commodities calculated according to the base period** minus the value of a fixed group of goods according to the base period**) multiplied by 100%.

The price index is usually expressed as a percentage, and it is an economic index. The Price Index (CPI) is an index used to evaluate the change in the general price level in the market.

1.Consumer** Index.

CPI) is an indicator of changes in consumer goods and services** purchased by a household. Household Consumption** Index.

It is a macroeconomic indicator that reflects the changes in the level of consumer goods and services purchased by households**. The logarithm of a representative set of items and levels over time in a certain period of time.

2.According to the different ranges of price indicators, ** indicators can be divided into individual commodity ** index, general ** index and commodity ** index.

3.The index that reflects the degree of change in the average level of a certain commodity is called the individual commodity index, and the index that reflects the change in the overall level of a certain class or all commodities is called the general index.

4.At present, the ** index compiled by the national statistical department mainly includes the ** index of household consumption, the ** index of retail sales and the ** index of agricultural and sideline product purchases**. The Retail Retail Index (RPI) is an economic index that reflects the trend of urban and rural commodity retailing, which directly affects the cost of living of residents and national fiscal revenue.

The Consumption Index (CPI) is an indicator that reflects the trend and degree of changes in consumer goods and services** purchased by urban and rural residents in a certain period of time.

Extended Materials. The index is an index that measures the change in the overall level of the market. An increase in the general price level means inflation.

While a decrease in the general level of prices means deflation, and the price index is an indicator of inflation or deflation in the economy. If the price index rises too much, it means that inflation has become a factor affecting socio-economic instability, the central bank.

Monetary policy will be tightened and fiscal policies will be introduced.

This will have an impact on socio-economic development. As a result, the rise in the index tends to have an impact on the economy.

Therefore, the price index is a macroeconomic indicator that can represent an economy.

You can find each ** index first, and then find the total index through the formula. For example, A 102%, B 95%, C 110%. In this way, you can find the total index = (650 + 200 + 1200) (650 102% + 200 95% + 1200 110%) = 2050, the overall ratio of the three commodities is higher than the base period, the absolute amount = 10,000 yuan.

First find the sales index, A = 650 500 = 130%, B = 200 200 = 100%, C = 1200 1000 = 120%, so you can find the total sales index = (500 * 130% + 200 * 100% + 1000 * 120%) 500 + 200 + 1000) =, additional, you can also directly use the reporting period base period = (650 + 500 + 1200) (500 + 200 + 1000) to calculate the absolute number of sales changes =(650 + 500 + 1200) - (500 + 200 + 1000) = 3.5 million yuan.

Extended information: 1. The commodity sales volume index, also known as the "total commodity sales volume index", is a quantitative index index, which is a total index that reflects the comprehensive changes in the sales volume of various commodities. The unit of measurement and the use of ** of the three commodities are different, so they cannot be directly added to obtain the total sales of the two periods, and this phenomenon that cannot be directly added and compared is called different measurement phenomena.

Therefore, the problem that must be solved in the compilation of the merchandise sales volume index is to determine the same measurement factors, so that the quantities that cannot be directly added up in the complex phenomenon population can be directly summed up. If the hidden sales volume of various commodities is multiplied by their sales ** respectively to become sales, then the total value of various commodities is transformed into homogeneous and heterogeneous value by different forms of use value, that is, sales volume sales ** = sales Q p = qp, here, sales ** is the same measurement factor, sales volume is an indexation factor, and the total sales of goods are added to obtain the total sales (qp).

2. The same measurement factor refers to a medium factor or transformation factor used in the calculation of the total index in order to solve the problem that the constituent units of the population and its quantitative characteristics cannot be directly summed (i.e., cannot be measured). Its function is: the same metric effect, even if the quantity that cannot be added up transitions to the amount that can be added; The weighting effect, that is, the role of weighing the size of the total index in the process of forming the total index.

The indexation factor is the factor that the index wants to reflect and study the quantitative characteristics of the whole in a certain aspect. In order to reflect the changes in the indexation factors in the population of complex phenomena, it is necessary to fix the corresponding co-measure factors in the same period. The period to which the same measurement factor belongs includes the base period and the reporting period, and the values of the same measurement factor in different periods are different.

To reflect the overall change in sales volume, it is necessary to use the same metric factor for the same period, i.e., it is assumed that the sales of goods in different periods are calculated based on the sales of the same period**.

First, convert the **increase or decrease percentage into an individual** index. The index is then calculated using the harmonized average method using the sales volume as the weight. You can find the total index of the commodity.

The following example questions can allow us to clearly see the sales of goods affected by ** changes: sales of goods (10,000 yuan) ** rate of change. Base period Reporting period; A 500 650 2;B 200 200 -5;C 1000 1200 10;Finding the total index of three commodities** and the total index of sales volume?

Answer: First seek each ** index, which has also been given above! A 102%, B 95%, C 110%; In this way, you can find the total index = (650 + 200 + 1200) (650 102% + 200 95% + 1200 110%) = 2050, the overall ** of the three commodities has risen compared with the base period, the absolute amount = 10,000 yuan, first find the sales index, A = 650 500 = 130%, B = 200 200 = 100%, C = 1200 1000 = 120%, so you can find the total sales index = (500 * 130% + 200 * 100% +1000*120%) 500+200+1000)=, additional, you can also directly use the base period of the reporting period = (650+500+1200) (500+200+1000) to calculate.

The absolute number of sales changes = (650 + 500 + 1200) - (500 + 200 + 1000) = 3.5 million yuan.

In a shopping mall, you can calculate the sales volume of three kinds of goods and the first data according to the information given, due to the impact of the change on sales, you can conclude that the change increases the sales volume and increases by 233,600 yuan.

Extended information: Statistics is a comprehensive science that uses means such as searching, sorting, analyzing, and describing data to infer the essence of the measured object and even the future of the object. Statistics uses a great deal of expertise in mathematics and other disciplines, and its scope of application covers almost all fields of social and natural sciences.

There are two major factors that affect sales: customer flow, customer unit price, which are closely related to the calculation formula of sales, sales = customer flow x customer unit price, two major factors affecting customer flow: the number of people entering the store, transaction rate; There are two main factors that affect the average order value:

The number of late cherry blossom products and the unit price of the products.

Sales amount refers to all the price and off-price expenses charged by taxpayers from the purchaser or service provider for the sale of goods, taxable services or services, but excluding the output tax collected from the purchaser and the administrative or institutional fees collected on behalf of the taxpayer. Off-price expenses refer to the handling fees, subsidies, fund-raising fees, return of profits, incentive fees, liquidated damages, late fees, deferred payment interest, compensation for spine compensation, collection of funds, advance payments, packaging fees, packaging rentals, reserve fees, quality fees, transportation and handling fees and other off-price charges charged by taxpayers to the buyer.

Q1: What is the price index?

Question 2: What does the price index mean?

The price index is a relative number that reflects the degree of change in the total level of all commodities** sold or purchased during the calculation period compared with the level of the base period, and is usually expressed as a percentage compared to the calculation period (annual, quarterly or monthly) and the base period (a certain year, quarter or month).

The price index is a relatively complex relative number in the economic index. According to the different types of commodities included, it is divided into individual commodity ** index, commodity category ** index and total index. According to the different base periods, it is divided into the month-on-month price index (the previous period is the base period), the year-on-year month-on-month price index (the same period of the previous year is the base period), and the fixed base price index (compared with the fixed period).

According to the types of commodities and circulation links, there are industrial products ex-factory index, agricultural and sideline products purchase index, wholesale price index, retail price index, service item index, employee living expenses and use index, industrial and agricultural commodities comprehensive price index. According to the commodity circulation channel, it can be divided into state-owned, bazaar** and other price indexes.

In China's current statistical system, the consumer consumption index (CPI for short) is usually used to refer to "prices", which reflects the changes in the price of a basket of commodities (or services) purchased by residents in a certain period of time, and then reflects the upward pressure on people's lives. Internationally, CPI indicators are generally used to observe whether inflation or deflation has occurred in a country or region.

There are two types of information required for the compilation of the consumer consumption index: first, the data on the changes in various consumer goods and services; The second is the weight of expenditure on various consumer goods and services in residents' lives. In order to do this, we must select a price survey point and a representative specification of the survey.

In addition to choosing the base period and calculation period, it is also necessary to select the typical areas that provide the best information, because it is impossible to compile the price index of all commodities and all cities and counties; Pay attention to the comparability of goods; Pay attention to the representativeness of the product; Pay attention to the consistency of product specifications, grades and quality; It is necessary to pay attention to the scientific nature of the calculation method.

On the basis of the historical cost of the asset, it is adjusted to the replacement cost at the base date of the assessment by means of the ** change index. Functional value method: a method of selecting assets with the same or similar functions as the assessed assets as the nuclear-resistant reference, and estimating the replacement cost of the assessed assets from the cost of the reference objects based on this or the internal relationship between the function and cost of the assets.