Feynman was the Nobel Laureate in Physics that year

Richard Feynman (May 11, 1918 February 15, 1988) was an American physicist. Feynman is a descendant of Russian and Polish Jews who immigrated to the United States at the end of the nineteenth century. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1965.

Feynman diagrams, Feynman's rules and renormalization methods are proposed, which are indispensable tools for studying quantum electrodynamics and particle physics. Feynman also discovered the singing technique of Humai, and had been expecting to go to Tuva, the birthplace of Humai, but in the end he was unable to make the trip. He is considered the wisest theoretical physicist since Albert Einstein and the first person to propose the concept of nanometers.

Richard Feynman, after graduating from high school, attended the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where he majored in mathematics and electrical engineering before switching to physics. He graduated magna laude from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1939 and received his Ph.D. in theoretical physics from Princeton University in June 1942. In the same year, he married Erin, a lover he met in high school.

In 1942, at the age of 24, Feynman joined the U.S. Atomic Bomb Research Project and participated in the secret development of the atomic bomb project "Manhattan Project". Erin died in 1945. The Manhattan Project ended, and Feynman taught at Cornell University.

In 1950, he went to the California Institute of Technology as a professor of physics at Tolman, a position he held until his death.

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Feynman was the Nobel Laureate in Physics in 1965.

Why: His fundamental work in quantum electrodynamics, which has had a profound impact on particle physics.

Feynman was awarded the Nobel Keimin Prize in Physics in 1965 and is considered the brightest theoretical physicist since Albert Einstein. The theory of quantum gravity, the theory of superfluidity, partial submodels, Feynman diagrams, etc., are all his masterpieces. His Feynman Lectures on Physics is regarded as a classic in the field of physics.

In addition to being a physicist, Feynman was a radio repairman, an electroplating worker, a master of safe code cracking, a painter, a drummer, and a decipher of Mayan hieroglyphs.

Feynman is loved not only for his contributions to scientific research, but also for his constant curiosity, intellectual curiosity, integrity and humor, and his joy in solving problems.

In 1951, Feynman decided to join the California Institute of Technology, where he became one of the most endearing professors in the minds of his students. Feynman died of cancer on February 16, 1988. The next day, his students hung a banner on the top floor of the Caltech library that read:

We love you, Feynman".

He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1930 for his research work on light scattering and the discovery of the Raman effect.

Rahman, an Indian, was the first Asian scientist to win the Nobel Prize in Physics. Rahman is also an educator who has trained many of his graduate students in Laman and sent many of them to important positions in India.

Raman was born on November 7, 1888 in Trichnopoli, southern India. His father is a university professor of mathematics and physics, and Bi Peiqi has educated him in science since he was a child, cultivating his hobby of ** and musical instruments.

The Raman effect provides new evidence for the quantum theory of light. When monochromatic light with frequency 0 is incident in the medium, two scattering processes will occur at the same time: one is the scattering with constant frequency (=0), that is, Rayleigh scattering, which is caused by the elastic collision between the incident light quantum and the scattering molecule; The other is the scattering with a change in frequency (=0 r), i.e., Raman scattering, where the energy exchanged (h r) is determined by the vibrational or rotational energy level of the scattered molecules.

Later studies have shown that the Raman effect is very important for both studying molecular structure and performing chemical analysis.

A French scientist who won the Nobel Prize in Physics but later fell into disuse, is a professor at the University of Paris, France, P-G de Genne.

De Gennes was born on May 24, 1932 in Paris, France. He received his Ph.D. in 1957. 1955 In 1961, he was engaged in the research of neutron scattering and magnetic matter at the Atomic Energy Commission of Sack in France and the University of California, Berkeley, and in 1961, he was a professor at the University of Paris, a professor of physics at the École de France since 1971, and a dean of the Physique de Physique de Paris since 1976.

In 1991, the Nobel laureate and French physicist P. Degenne g.At the Nobel Prize Awards, de Gennes gave a speech on "soft matter", using the term "soft matter" to summarize a class of substances such as complex liquids, which was widely recognized.

Since then, the term soft matter has gradually replaced what Americans call "complex fluids", and has begun to promote the development of an interdisciplinary discipline that spans the three disciplines of physics, chemistry, biology and materials science.

Scientific contributions: Feynman developed a method for expressing quantum amplitude by path integral in the 40s, and proposed a new theoretical form, calculation method and renormalization method of quantum electrodynamics in 1948, thus avoiding the divergence difficulties in quantum electrodynamics.

Feynman diagram was first proposed by Feynman in the late 40s to express the interaction between fields and fields, which can concisely reflect the essence of the process.

In addition to his outstanding contributions to quantum electrodynamics, Feynman also established a mathematical theory for solving the phenomenon of liquid helium superfluid. After that, he and Murray Gell-Mann did some groundbreaking work in areas such as decay. Feynman played an important role in the development of the quark theory by proposing a layeron model of the collision process of high-energy protons.

Teaching contributions: Feynman has a special ability to express complex ideas in simple language, which makes him a fruitful educator. Famous books include Feynman Lectures on Physics.

Characteristics of the Laws of Physics" and "Quantum Electrodynamics: A Peculiar Theory of Light and Matter", among others.