About Organic Chemistry in High School 50, About Organic Chemistry in High School

Benzene and bromobenzene are originally miscible and are subject to the buoyancy of H2O when added to water.

Among them, benzene is more buoyant than gravity (because benzene is lighter than water), and bromobenzene is more gravity than buoyancy, and the two are forced to live on the upper and lower sides of the water layer and no longer touch, so they will be stratified. And the solubility of bromine is greater in bromobenzene so it is bromobenzene containing bromine.

There are two requirements for the separation of two organic matter with different densities by adding water: one is that they are insoluble in water, and the other is that one density is larger than water and the other is smaller than water.

Benzene and bromobenzene are normally miscible with each other, yes, if you want to separate the two, the first thing that comes to mind is distillation.

Liquid separation can actually be done, but it is not as effective as distillation.

I hope it will help you, if you don't understand, please ask.

The density of benzene is smaller than that of water and floats in the upper layer of water after separation, bromobenzene is denser than water and sinks under water, while the solubility of bromine in bromobenzene is greater than that in water, so it is extracted by bromobenzene, and bromine is brown again, so the lower liquid shows brown. The reason why they can be separated with water is because although they are soluble, they are not soluble in water, stirring in water, they will be affected by the different buoyancy of water on them, and they will eventually be in the upper and lower layers of water under the action of their own density, but this method can only be roughly separated. Under the premise of not separating with water, distillation separation should be adopted according to the properties of their different boiling points.

The excess bromine in the reaction raw material makes the benzene completely react, and avoids the miscibility of benzene and bromobenzene and the trouble of separation.

Strictly speaking, each layer has benzene, bromobenzene, water, and bromine, which is just the amount of the amount, and the question is generally the part with a larger amount of answers. From the top to the bottom of the three layers, the solvent is benzene, water, bromobenzene, bromobenzene contains a small amount of water and benzene is inevitable, the separating liquid can not reach sufficient purity, can only be regarded as preliminary separation.

A: Acetaldehyde can not be added, and the specific reaction should be asked to Du Niang.

C: Concentrated bromine water and phenol are used to form tribromophenol, and the resulting tribromophenol is easily soluble in benzene and should be washed with sufficient NaOH solution.

D: Catalytic hydrogenation is a reversible reaction. It can be used to remove impurities with bromine water and concentrated H2SO4.

The phenomenon of b: the delamination occurs after the bromine water and benzene are mixed, and the bromine and benzene are in the upper layer and the water is in the lower layer due to the small density; Carbon tetrachloride is the opposite, it and bromine are in the lower layer. The principle is organic extraction, and the use of density is not the same and incompatible.

Triple bond + hydrogen (under certain conditions, some conditions will become single bond) double bond halogen + NaOH aqueous solution Alcohol hydroxyl Phenolic hydroxyl can also be converted, but high school does not require carboxyl group + hydroxyl group (concentrated sulfuric acid + heating) Lipid group Lipid group (dilute sulfuric acid + heating) Carboxyl + hydroxyl alcohol + strong oxidant Aldehyde + oxidant Carboxylic acid.

Alkane to alkyl halide R-ch3 + Cl2 R-CH2Cl + R-CHCl2 + R-Cl3 Conditional lighting.

Hydrolysis of alkyl halides to alcohol R-CH2Cl + H2O R-CH2OH + HCl conditions Alkaline aqueous solution.

There are only a few reactions of high and high organic matter: first, oxidation reactions, such as the combustion of organic matter, the formation of aldehydes by catalytic heating of alcohol and oxygen, the formation of carboxylic acid by aldehydes under the acidic potassium permanganate, and the hydrogen-containing carbon atoms connected to the benzene ring can be oxidized by the acidic potassium permanganate. I can't write it anymore.

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This is more cumbersome, find a tutor, they should have all, or use their textbooks, there will also be a summary; However, it is best to refer to the textbook and summarize it yourself, which is the most effective, even if you just copy the corresponding formula a few times, it will be very impressive.

As mentioned in 1215, there are also carbon double bonds that are oxidized by ozone to ketones (carbonyl groups), and carbon triple bonds are also oxidized by ozone to aldehyde groups.

Q1 b reacts with ethanol to form copper oxide.

Q2 Toluene C7H8 Glycerol C3H8O3 m (C3O3) and M (C7) are equal and both are 84 because therefore glycerol can also be regarded as C7H8 H content is 8 (8+7x12)=

The esterification reaction is the formation of esters and water from alcohols and carboxylic acids or oxygenated inorganic acids, which are divided into two categories: carboxylic acids and alcohols, inorganic oxyacids and alcohols, and inorganic strong acids and alcohols. In fact, there are also acid halides, anhydrides and enones that can be esterified with alcohols, phenols and sodium alks.

In high school, B is right, that's right.

That's what esterification says. Esterification refers to an organic chemical reaction in which alcohol and acid react to produce esters and water.

Alcohols follow carboxylic acids or oxygenated inorganic acids to form esters and water, and this reaction is called esterification reaction. It is divided into two categories: carboxylic acid reaction with alcohol and inorganic oxygenated acid reaction with alcohol, and inorganic strong acid reaction with alcohol.

Generally speaking, in addition to the direct esterification of acids and alcohols, there are three types of substances that can undergo esterification reactions:

Esterification reaction of acyl halide and alcohol, phenol and sodium alk;

Acidic anhydride and alcohol, phenol, sodium alkan esterification reaction;

Enone esterified with alcohol, phenol and sodium alkoxide;

Potassium permanganate can also discolor bromine water, but it oxidizes with bromine water, producing carbon dioxide in the process.

Alcohols follow carboxylic acids or oxygenated inorganic acids to form esters and water, and this reaction is called esterification.

Not all acids, not sulfuric acid.

It is the reaction of alcohol with carboxylic acid or oxygenated inorganic acid to produce ester and water.

(1) Molecular formula: C16H16O2 Structural simplified formula: benzene ring-CH2OH

2) A 4 B CH3-benzene ring-CH2ooch or CH3-benzene ring-Cooch3 (both substituents on the benzene ring are para-position).

Attached: benzene ring-ch2-ch2-cooch2-benzene ring + H2O = dilute sulfuric acid + heating = benzene ring-ch2OH + benzene ring-CH2-CH2-COOH (the reaction is a reversible reaction).

The benzene ring has a hydroxyl group and a methyl group on it.

Benzene ring-CH2ooch (belongs to the ester and contains only one methyl group in the molecule!!) Hydrolysis reaction benzene ring -ch2-ch2-cooch2-benzene ring + H2O--- benzene ring -CH2OH + benzene ring -CH2-CH2-COOH

(1) Molecular formula: C16H16O2 Structural simplified formula: benzene ring-CH2OH

2) A: 12 species B: CH3-benzene ring-CH2CH2CH2COOH

a:c16h16o2 c;The benzene ring is connected to a benzene ring ---CH2OH

3 CH3--- benzene rings--- Cooch3 (methyl and lipid group paraposition).

A + H2O = Heating = B + C

Hydrolysis of lipids).