How to learn organic chemistry well in high school and help my little brother

Integrate and systematically learn the knowledge of organic chemistry, find out the properties of substances and the similarities and differences between them, write them down in a notebook, and look at them often.

For example, ethanol can undergo elimination reaction, there is -OH, esterification can occur, it can react with Na, it cannot react with NaOH, it can be dehydrated into acetaldehyde, and so on. In addition, what are the differences in properties between it and acetaldehyde and acetic acid, write them down and read them often.

I haven't been exposed to organic chemistry in high school for a long time, and there may be some deviations in the knowledge points, but the method is good, that's how I learned it at the time, and my grades are good).

The key to organic chemistry is in the functional groups.

No matter how complex the structure is, the reaction is those specific functional groups, and the others can be replaced by an R group, and only the corresponding functional groups are changed when reacting, and the others are copied.

The classic reactions in the book must be fully understood and comprehended, and the essence of the reaction must be found. (The physical properties of some substances also need to be clarified, and the inference question may be useful).

The phenomena of several experiments, the order of adding reagents, and the characteristics of the device must be clarified.

Special attention is paid to "structure-determining properties", which is the biggest difference from inorganic chemistry.

Learning too much can be confusing, so it's best to make a table for each palm so that the idea will be clear).

Write the equation now!

Remember, what is the nature of the book and so on!

You can cope with the general exam, and then there is the diligent question!

The basic knowledge of organic chemistry is an important part of the teaching content of chemistry in middle school. Students who master the basic knowledge of organic chemistry in a concise and systematic way can deepen and broaden their comprehensive understanding of chemical knowledge. To learn organic chemistry well, you can try to do it from the following aspects.

1. Classification and inductive derivation of the general formula and general properties of substances (to deepen understanding through experiments).

There are many kinds of organic matter, and in the process of learning, according to the structure, nature and relationship between structure and properties of each type of organic matter, the general formula and general properties of each type of organic matter are classified and summarized. For example, in the chapter "Derivatives of Hydrocarbons", the knowledge is based on functional groups, so when learning derivatives, we should first grasp the structural characteristics of functional groups to infer the characteristics of derivatives, and then further verify their structures by the properties, and fully understand the dialectical relationship between structure and properties. Secondly, the understanding of the properties of this type of organic matter is deepened through experiments.

2. Use molecular structure models to improve spatial imagination.

In order to understand more vividly the arrangement of atoms in the space of organic molecules. Use the second class time to go to the laboratory to combine molecular models such as CH4, CH2=CH2, CH3CH=CH2, CH3CH2OH and so on, so as to improve your spatial imagination ability, hands-on operation ability, and creative ability.

3. Master the nature and pay attention to application.

1. Contact structure and remember the nature.

2. Compare types and remember the nature.

3. Draw inferences from one case and use the nature of life.

Fourth, the foundation, good association, dare to innovate.

In recent years, in order to highlight the examination of students' ability, information giving questions often appear in the college entrance examination, which has also become one of the important reasons for the opening of candidates' scores.

Organic chemistry is not difficult, and memorizing the general formula is the key.

Containing only hydrocarbons called hydrocarbons, the structure is chained or ringed.

The double bond is an alkene triple bond, and the single bond is an alkane.

The aliphatic ones are arranged in chains, and the aromatic ones are with benzene rings.

Heterogeneous common molecular formula, general universal homogeneous.

Olefins are added to alkane substitution, and derivatives look at functional groups.

The carboxyl group of aldoldehyde is called alkyl and carboxylic acid.

Carbonyl ether bonds and amino groups, derivatives are ketone etheramines.

Benzene with a hydroxyl group is called phenol, and naphthalene is a biphenyl in parallel.

Dehydrogenation is called oxidation, and deoxygenation is called reduction.

Alcohols oxidize to ketoaldehydes, and aldehydes oxidize to carboxylic acids.

Carboxylic acids are stronger than carbonic acid, and carbonic acid is stronger than carbolic acid.

Photohalogenation is in the side chain, and catalytic halogenation is in the benzene ring.

Halogenated derivatives of hydrocarbons, halogens can be exchanged by hydroxyl groups.

A water molecule is eliminated to form alkenes and hydrohalic acids.

Potassium and sodium can be exchanged for hydrogen in alcohol, and the silver mirror reaction is a variable acid.

Alcohol plus carboxylic acid to form esters, esters hydrolyzed into alkyds.

Phenol is precipitated white by bromine, and starch turns blue when exposed to iodine.

Amino acids are both acidic and alkaline, formic acid is an acid and like aldehydes.

The polymeric monomer is variable chain link, and the broken double bond is connected in series.

1. Proficient in the functional groups and naming rules of various organic substances.

2. For the reactions and reaction conditions that are prone to occur in functional groups and some special reaction conditions.

3. Do exercises to consolidate and review relevant knowledge.

Chemistry is a science subject that is biased towards the liberal arts, and the main ones in organic are relatively cumbersome chemical formulas, so it is necessary to read books often. Watch more and remember more, and you will find that it is actually very simple.

It's not difficult to get high school, but the main thing is to master those reactions, and if you don't understand them, memorize them.

Not to mention the big ones, if you master the structure and reaction mechanism, you will be good at chemistry.

Memorize all the chemical equations in the book and look at the small notes.

Be sure to lay a solid foundation, remember to memorize, and remember to remember clearly, so that there is evidence to follow when doing this question.

It is not difficult to learn organic chemistry in high school chemistry because high school organic chemistry is just an introductory course. Once you have figured out the structure and chemical properties of all the functional groups, you will understand the chemical reactions.

Halogen atom (-x).

Alcohol hydroxyl group (-OH).

Aldehyde (-cho) ketone.

Phenolic hydroxyl (-OH

Carboxyl group (-cooh).

Ester group (-coor).

Nitro (-nh).

Carbon-carbon double bond (=c=c=).

Carbon-carbon reference bond (-c c-).

Ether bond (c-o-c).

Sulfo (-so H).

Cyano (-cn).