Analyze the characteristics of the process of population ageing in the world

There are two main reasons for the aging of the population, one is that there are fewer and fewer children, and the other is that people are living longer and longer.

One reason for the declining number of births is China's one-child policy in the past; Another reason is that it is common in countries around the world, that is, with the improvement of education level, women pay more attention to their careers and are reluctant to have children.

In 2015, more than 70 countries around the world were ageing. There is a basic criterion for entering the aging population, which is that the elderly population over 60 years old accounts for more than 10% of the total population. According to the fifth population census at the end of November 2000, the number of elderly people over 65 years old in China has reached 88.11 million, accounting for the total population. The number of people over the age of 60 has reached 100 million, accounting for the total population, which marks that China has entered an aging society.

By 2050, 150 countries and regions around the world will be ageing. At that time, there were no aging countries and regions, only Africa and some parts of India. Therefore, aging is the inevitable result of social and economic development, no matter what country or region, as long as there are fewer and fewer children, people live longer and longer, they will enter aging.

The natural population growth in some developed countries is too slow, and even zero or negative growth has occurred, resulting in a very small proportion of children and adolescents in the national population, and an increase in the proportion of the elderly population in the national population, resulting in the phenomenon of aging.

The main factors affecting the aging of the population are: mortality and birth rates, improvement of living conditions, and the extension of the average life expectancy of the population.

According to the classification criteria determined by the United Nations "Population Ageing and Its Socio-Economic Consequences" in 1956, when the number of elderly people aged 65 and above in a country or region accounts for more than 7% of the total population, it means that the country or region has entered an aging population.

At the 1982 Vienna World Assembly on Ageing, it was determined that the proportion of the elderly population aged 60 and over in the total population exceeded 10%, which means that the country or region has entered a serious aging population.

Developed countries or a small number of developing countries because of the level of medical care.

Improvement of living conditions.

The average life expectancy of the population has increased.

The reason why China's aging population has been so prominent in recent years is that since 1982, China has strictly controlled the birth rate of the population with a family planning policy. This has led to the post-80s and post-90s groups in my country, most of whom are only children. During this period, China's newborn population birth rate was relatively low, and the young and middle-aged population base was large, and they enjoyed a wave of demographic dividends.

But with the change of generations, the young and strong young people of the year have now begun to enter old age. The next generation of young people is becoming responsible young people, but there is no way to stop the aging of the population. I think this is also an important reason for the opening of the second child in the past few years, and the problem of aging urgently needs to be solved by opening up the child.

Of course, family planning is the key reason for the aging of China's population, in addition, like many countries, the aging of the population and social and economic development, and the improvement of the level of medical technology have a great relationship. The first is the social and economic development, so that the living standards of modern people continue to improve, they can consume more and more nutrients, and their physical fitness is much better than that of people in the last century. The second is the improvement of the level of medical technology, the general minor diseases are not difficult for modern medical treatment, coupled with the continuous discovery of various vaccines and antibodies, people's ability to fight natural diseases has been significantly improved, which also directly affects the average life expectancy of the elderly.

All in all, there are many reasons for the aging of the population, and China is one of the more special countries in the world. The family planning policy was undoubtedly the best choice at the beginning, but looking at it today, it is not difficult to find that it has left a lot of sequelae. Just like when we see a doctor, a certain fast and good special drug is nothing in the short term, but in the long run, it is a three-point poison, and there is no perfect medicine, and it has become inevitable.

In the future, we will solve the problem of population aging, not only by letting go of childbirth, but by starting from all aspects.

The key reason is that China is implementing a family planning policy. The birth rate of the population is strictly monitored, and as a result, many families have children who are only children. As a result, our population is gradually aging and is becoming more severe.

First, the long-term implementation of the family planning policy has led to a low fertility rate. On the other hand, rapid economic growth, the improvement of the people's medical conditions, and the improvement of living standards have greatly extended the life expectancy of the population. In the whole population, the further reduction of the proportion of the young population and the relative increase of the proportion of the elderly population are ultimately manifested in the rapid growth and increase of the proportion of the elderly population in the whole population, that is, the aging of the population in China.

The key reason for the emergence of "population aging" in China is the implementation of family planning measures. Although the second child has been opened in recent years, it still cannot solve the problem of "population aging".

Let's go to the towns in the Northeast District, they have been occupied by middle-aged and elderly people, and the young people who can stay are also educated by middle-aged and elderly people without a little spirituality, and their self-motivation has been wiped out, not to mention the construction of their hometowns, and there is a reason why the Northeast is backward.

The aging of the population is due to the reduction of fertility rate and the extension of life expectancy, the reason is that medicine is developed, the mortality rate of diseases is lower than before, the quality of life is rising, and longevity has gradually become the norm.

Since China began to implement the family planning policy in 1983, the birth rate has gradually decreased. Although the two-child policy has now been opened, the marriage rate and fertility rate of the younger generation are also decreasing, the birth rate is low, the elderly population base is large, and China is gradually entering an "aging population" society.

a.The aging of the population is developing rapidly.

b.The center of gravity of the elderly population has shifted to developing countries.

c.The average life expectancy of the population is increasing.

d.The rate of growth of the elderly is fast.

e.In most countries, older women outnumber male populations.

Correct answer: The rapid development of population aging, the focus of the elderly population is shifting to developing countries, the average life expectancy of the population is increasing, the elderly are growing rapidly, and the elderly population exceeds that of men in most countries.

There are two causes of ageing: longer life expectancy and fewer children;

Measures to address ageing vary according to the causes

Due to the prolongation of people's life expectancy and aging, which is the inevitable result of the improvement of people's living standards and health care standards, is a sign of the people's prosperity and national strength, the problem to be solved is not how to prevent aging, but how to deal with the problem of insufficient pension and pension services caused by aging, the main measures are to delay retirement and strengthen pension services; This is the inevitable result of the increase in the pressure of people's lives and the prevalence of timely happiness, and it is the beginning of family disasters and national disasters. China's aging population is caused by a combination of longer life expectancy and fewer children; Aging is inevitable due to the extension of life, and the problem of insufficient pension and pension service can only be solved by delaying retirement and strengthening pension services.

First, the degree of population aging continues to increase, and the trend of aging is obvious.

Due to the improvement of living standards, the elderly attach importance to health, China's aging is accompanied by aging, how to take care of the elderly over 80 years old, need a sound service system for the elderly. First of all, the living places of the elderly should be renovated for the elderly, installing non-slip floors, security handrails, shower stools, reducing threshold steps, improving lighting highlights, and reducing ground obstacles, so as to facilitate the daily living life of the elderly.

Second, the rate of population aging has accelerated significantly.

The policy preparation period will be greatly shortened, and the problem of "getting old before being prepared" will appear. The Chinese population base is large, and at the time of the rapid development of New China, the elders of the older generation have made great contributions to New China, and now they are aging with a gushing out. They used to drive the wheels of China's development, and now the wheels of China's development are pulling the elders forward.

Third, the gap between urban and rural areas is rapidly widening as the population ages.

A large number of rural elderly people are willing to stay in their old homes, and a large number of rural labor force flock to the city, which greatly increases the proportion of rural elderly people, from the census data, the proportion of rural 60-year-old, 65-year-old and above is .72%, which is higher than the town61 percentage points.

Follow-up study: Observe the changes in the elderly population, such as socioeconomic status, lifestyle, health status, etc., through long-term follow-up surveys.

Social survey: Through questionnaires and other means, information such as the life experience, living needs and expectations of the elderly population is obtained, so as to understand the actual situation of the elderly population.