What are the issues I need to pay attention to after esophageal cancer surgery? Esophageal cancer po

After surgery is a very important period, because surgery is only to remove the tumor, can not guarantee that it will not metastasize, it is recommended to use tumor vascular inhibitors, which can improve the patient's immunity, and the most important thing is to destroy residual cancer cells. This is something that cannot be achieved with surgery.

1) Nursing of complications: In view of the complications that are prone to occur, it is necessary to carefully and meticulously do a good job of observation and patient cooperation after surgery to prevent and reduce the incidence of complications. For patients with cardiopulmonary diseases, cardiopulmonary function and urine output should be monitored 24 hours after surgery, and blood gas analysis and bedside radiographs should be done if necessary to facilitate timely diagnosis and treatment. For patients with diabetes mellitus, closely monitor the changes in blood glucose and rationally use hypoglycemic drugs; Closely observe the changes in the patient's pulse and heart rate, keep blood pressure stable, control the infusion rate, and prevent pulmonary edema.

2) Respiratory tract care: Before general anesthesia is awake, inhale the secretions of the respiratory tract in time, inhale oxygen, and monitor blood oxygen. After awakening from anesthesia, the blood pressure is stable, and the semi-sitting and lying position is taken to lower the diaphragm, which is conducive to drainage and breathing.

Instruct the patient to breathe deeply, cough effectively, and hold the incision on the chest with the hand to relieve pain. Nebulized inhalation 2 3 times a day, nebulized with Musutan plus normal saline, so that the sputum is easy to cough up. For patients with thick sputum or weak cough, electric suctioning is given, and if necessary, flexible bronchoscopy is performed; Patients with dyspnea should undergo a tracheotomy in time and, if necessary, a ventilator should be used to assist breathing.

At the same time, some life guards can be appropriately taken after surgery to reduce ** and metastasis, and reduce the occurrence of postoperative complications.

1. Nursing should be patient and cooperate with medical care**, mainly dietary conditioning, spiritual comfort, and help appropriate exercise.

2. Pay attention to your diet, don't eat high-fat food, don't overeat. Restoring confidence in a normal life is good for your physical and mental health.

3. It is necessary to properly strengthen nutrition, which is the material basis of the first class. After a period of time, the body often becomes very weak, and if you want to recover your health as soon as possible, you must let the body absorb more nutrients.

4. Eat more coarse grains, grains, beans, fresh vegetables, fruits, low-fat foods, fish, seafood, soy products, and low-fat dairy products. Do not eat or eat as little as possible smoked, fire-roasted, pickled, moldy and spoiled foods.

5. When cooking food, eat less fried and fried food, the cooking oil temperature should not be too high, and more steaming, stewing and boiling methods should be used to cook.

6. Do a good job of cleaning and hygiene of patients to prevent infection after surgery. Change clothes and eating utensils in a timely manner. For patients with anastomotic leakage or other postoperative complications after surgery, nursing and management should be strengthened to prevent cross-infection.

7. Adjust your mentality. Anger, anxiety, sadness and other bad emotions will cause the reduction of immunity, maintain emotional stability, optimistic and cheerful mood, and actively fight against the disease, which plays a very important role in the improvement of the condition.

8. Actively cooperate, patients still need to continue in the first stage, understand the doctor's plan, take the initiative to cooperate, and respond to the reaction in time, so that the doctor can grasp the changes in the condition, adjust the plan and dosage in a timely manner, and receive the best curative effect.

9. Re-regulate the rules of life, after the patient is sick, both physiology and psychology have undergone great changes, it is necessary to re-establish the rules of life and develop good living habits.

Introduction: Esophageal cancer is a malignant digestive tract disease, and surgical resection is currently the main means of esophageal cancer. What should I do after esophageal cancer surgery?

1. Nursing care to help patients from the following aspects**.

First of all, maintain oral hygiene, the oral cavity is a bacterial area, and it is very important for patients to have a clean and hygienic mouth after surgery. 1 2 days after the operation, wipe the mouth with a cotton swab, before removing the gastric tube, try not to swallow saliva or sputum to reduce the chance of infection, insist on brushing your teeth every day, rinse your mouth with mouthwash or light salt water 3 5 times, if you often feel dry mouth, you can use green tea or lemon water to rinse your mouth to relieve the symptoms of dry mouth; Secondly. Keep breathing smooth, within 7 days of esophageal cancer surgery, patients should keep their respiratory tract open, ensure smooth expectoration, avoid lung infection, insist on deep breathing exercises and cough every day, and family members or nursing staff should help patients cough and expectoration

A half-clenched fist is slapped on the patient's back from the bottom up. Two or three times a day is fine; Finally, do ** training, after the operation to prevent muscle atrophy, after the patient is awake, you can do limb exercises, reduce the soreness, numbness after the operation, encourage the patient to do some activities within their ability, such as brushing teeth, combing hair, etc. As you recover, increase the amount and range of activities, such as upper limb lifts and chest expansions, but keep your head and neck tilted and natural.

Do not stay in bed for a long time, and with the help of family members, you should carry out appropriate activities to promote blood circulation in the lower limbs.

3. How to prevent esophageal cancer.

Don't eat overnight dishes with less salt, which may produce higher levels of nitrosamines; If there are patients with esophageal cancer in the family, other members should pay attention to regular examinations, and vitamins should be supplemented in time in the daily environment, which are related to the occurrence of esophageal cancer. Don't eat some coarse foods, and don't eat them when they're too hot.

According to the doctor's instructions, take relevant drugs, and strengthen rest, keep a light diet, maintain sufficient rest, ensure your body's endocrine, and improve your body's resistance and immunity.

Common complications after esophageal cancer surgery are:

1.Respiratory complications: Different degrees of respiratory complications are one of the common complications after thoracic surgery, often due to chronic bronchitis, emphysema and other diseases in the past, postoperative incision pain, resulting in cough weakness, poor expectoration, secretion retention, atelectasis and lung inflammation.

It is extremely important to instruct and help the patient to cough and discharge sputum on the first and second days after surgery.

2.Anastomotic leakage: Anastomotic leakage is a serious complication after esophageal cancer resection.

The incidence has decreased in recent years, but it still occurs in hospitals around the world. The overall incidence of anastomotic leakage is about 2%, and the mortality rate is about 45%. Anastomotic leaks usually occur within 10 days after surgery.

Postoperative anastomotic leakage can produce acute tension pneumothorax and even shock and death. At the same time as the anastomotic leakage occurs, the patient has symptoms such as high fever, chest pain, dyspnea, rapid heart rate, and pleural effusion. Thoracentesis can be tricky to handle by pumping out cloudy, foul-smelling fluids.

3.Chylothorax: Chylothorax is produced when the thoracic duct is damaged due to the separation of the cancer and adhesion tissue during surgery.

It occurs in about 1% of patients and generally occurs on the 3rd 5th postoperative day. When chylothorax occurs, the chest drainage volume increases, and its color is milky white (hence the name chyle) or light yellow, and some patients discharge more than 3000 ml of chyle per day. The management of chylothorax should be based on active replenishment of the patient's body fluids and dielectrics, timely thoracotomy and chest duct ligation.

Most cases can**.

4.Acute gastric dilation: most of them occur on the second and fourth days after surgery, and patients often present with palpitation, shortness of breath, chest pain, irritability, and decreased blood pressure. Chest fluoroscopy shows an enlarged stomach with a large amount of fluid inside. At this point, a gastric tube can be inserted to provide rapid relief of symptoms.

Precautions for post-operative care:

1. Dietary care

Pay attention to dietary care, during the first period, you should be given light, nutritious, easy to digest food, and should pay attention to the color, aroma, taste and shape of the food, so as to enhance appetite and ensure nutrition; **In the intermittent stage, it is advisable to give more foods that have the functions of blood nourishment, blood nourishment and qi replenishment to improve the body's ability to resist disease.

2. Psychological nursing:

Strengthen emotional care, comfort patients, eliminate tension, fear, depression, depression and other psychology, and patiently do a good job of explaining the work. If there is hair loss, a hair cover can be configured, and if the condition allows, the patient can be organized to walk and recreational activities, so as to make the patient in the best physical and mental state during the chemotherapy process.

3. Dietary attention of esophageal cancer patients:

The prominent symptom of esophageal cancer patients is dysphagia, which is also a serious problem in the diet of esophageal cancer patients. Dysphagia in most patients with esophageal cancer develops gradually and progressively worsens. At the beginning, the patient only had a feeling of choking when eating dry food, which gradually worsened, and even progressed to difficulty in eating soft food and semi-liquid food, and finally had complete difficulty in drinking water and eating, which made the patient's nutritional status worse and worse, and finally led to cachexia.

It can be seen that feeding difficulty is a very serious problem for patients with esophageal cancer.

Hello! First, the key points of postoperative care of esophageal cancer should enhance oral hygiene, second, strictly control the time of drinking water for esophageal cancer patients, and third, the key points of postoperative care for esophageal cancer to assist and urge esophageal cancer patients to cough and discharge sputum, and ultrasonic nebulizers can be used to dilute sputum to avoid atelectasis or pneumonia. Wishing you a speedy recovery!

The "four taboos" are: avoid eating sweet, greasy, spicy, fried, and baked foods; Avoid alcohol; Avoid foods with strong smells, such as stinky tofu and milk cool; Avoid lying down immediately after a meal to avoid nausea caused by food regurgitation.

"Four wants", that is: to eat less and more meals, 5-6 meals a day; Second, eat a little dry and mild food such as biscuits or toast before meals; Third, limit the amount of water you drink for 1 hour before and after meals, and try not to drink; Fourth, it is necessary to appropriately increase foods rich in tryptophan, such as pea seedlings, glutinous rice, ripe chestnuts, squid, etc.

It can be combined with life protection to prevent ** transfer.

For esophageal cancer patients, oral hygiene care should be strengthened, and the oral cavity can be wiped with a cotton swab 1-2 days after surgery, and then the gap can be gargled or brushed, which is essential to prevent postoperative pulmonary complications.

It is necessary to pay attention to the gastrointestinal decompression, use the negative pressure suction device should be regularly lifted to cause negative pressure, pay attention to observe whether the drainage flow is smooth or not, if the drainage volume is small, you should tell the doctor, find the reason, and solve it in time.