What does an Eskimo igloo look like

Ice is a symbol of coldness, and the mention of it makes people shudder. However, in the icy winter, the Eskimos living in the Arctic Circle survived the harsh winter with their houses made of ice. Within the Arctic Circle, there is an inexhaustible supply of ice, as well as an inexhaustible supply of water.

Before the arrival of winter, the Eskimos build igloos. They took local materials and first processed the ice into a fast-regular cuboid, which is it"bricks"；Use water as"Mud"。After the materials are ready, they choose a good place, splash some water, build some ice, splash some water, and then build some ice; The front is constantly being built, and the back is constantly frozen, and the finished house becomes an igloo that freezes into a whole.

The houses are sturdy and are hailed as enviable masterpieces of art by the Eskimoths. How do Eskimo igloos keep warm from the cold? First of all, because the igloo is sturdy and airtight, it can keep the cold wind out, so the people who live in the igloo can be protected from the cold wind.

Secondly, ice is a poor conductor of heat, which is well insulated, and the heat in the house can hardly be transmitted to the outside of the house through the ice wall. Thirdly, the frozen igloo has no windows and a fur curtain at the door, which greatly reduces the convection of the air inside and outside the house. Because of this, the temperature inside the igloo can be kept at minus a few degrees to more than a dozen degrees, which is much warmer than outside the house where it is more than minus.

Eskimos put on leather coats and can survive the winter in such igloos. Of course, the temperature in the igloo is much cooler than the indoor temperature we do in winter, and no fire is allowed in the igloo for heating, because the ice melts into water above the temperature.

The semi-circle pulls, it's all ice, how do they live down.

The unique cultural identity of a people is often the best way for them to adapt to the natural environment in which they live. This situation is often seen in the relatively backward national cultures that exist in the world today. For example, the culture of the Eskimos living in North America is characterized by snow sleds, igloos, etc., which are the best cultural mechanisms for adapting to the polar climate.

If the Eskimos were to move to desert areas, they would inevitably abandon the original culture represented by sleds and igloos, and adopt a desert culture characterized by camels and tents, otherwise they would be eliminated by natural patters. Here, the natural principle of survival of the fittest is very important.

Because the design structure of the igloo is very special. The igloo was designed with the principle of hot air rising and cold air falling in mind, so when it was built, a pit was dug down inside the foundation. Humans are surrounded by heat in the igloo, and the ice allows the cold orange air to descend into the pit.

The heat in the human body is in the igloo, forming an internal circulation, and with the passage of time, the internal temperature and air will be higher than the external temperature. The inner ice cave is insulated from the snow to resist the cold, and with the addition of heat circulation, people live in a burning furnace. So it's not cold at all.

Within the Arctic Circle, there are many inexhaustible sources of water. Eskimos build igloos every winter. After the materials were ready, they sprinkled some Lingyu filial piety water on the selected place, sprinkled some ice cubes, and then sprinkled a few ice cubes; The front is constantly sprinkled with ice cubes, and the back is constantly sprinkled with frozen ice cubes, and it becomes an igloo that freezes into a whole.

The house is sturdy and has been hailed as an enviable masterpiece of Eskimo art. The reason why the Eskimo igloo can keep warm and protect from the cold is that because the igloo is strong and impermeable, it can keep the cold wind out, so the people living in the igloo can be protected from the cold wind; Secondly, the temperature of the igloo can reach more than one-third of that indoors without being affected by the excessively high outdoor temperatures. The roof of the igloo, which is frozen into one piece again, has no windows and animal skin curtains hanging on the roof, which greatly reduces the convection of air inside and outside the house, and there is a large window on the roof that allows you to see the distance between the roof and the walls.

In such igloos, Eskimos can safely survive the winter in leather coats. Of course, the temperature of the igloo is much lower than the indoor temperature we have in winter, and it is also not allowed to make a fire for heating.

The igloo is round, which not only blocks the biting cold wind, but also protects the roof from melting. The practice of digging deep holes and building shallow roofs in the snow room makes it warmer for people to live underground in winter than on the ground.

Igloos were built, and in order to protect them from the wind and snow and the cold, the Inuit often had to cover the hemispherical roof with a thick layer of weeds and a layer of seal skin; At the same time, the spiral-shaped walls of the house are covered with animal skins to protect against the cold. Another way to keep out the cold is to shade the windows, which are generally made of transparent sea beast intestines, which only transmit light and are not breathable, which is very distinctive.

In the igloo, the Inuit also built a fire to keep warm from the cold, and they hewed a stone stove out of stones, which was filled with oil fried by sea beasts, and kneaded into a wick with animal hair, which was lit even when it was minus degrees Celsius outside.

The low temperature of 30 or 40 degrees Celsius is still quite warm in the house. Some igloos don't have doors at all, but dig a passage from the ground as a door after the igloo is built, so that the room is warmer.

The igloo construction process.

Cut the snow bricks. The igloo is made of snow bricks of various sizes. The first step in building an igloo is to choose an open, sunny flat area, determine a specific foundation, and then use a sharp knife to cut it into large snow bricks of various sizes, so that you can build an igloo. Later, with each superimposed circle, it shrinks inward a little, and the circle becomes smaller and smaller, until it forms a closed, hemispherical dome.

Open windows to draw light. Open a small window on the south side, and a plate-shaped snow block sticks out above the small window to block the snowflakes from hitting the window, and also to refract the sun's rays so that it can shine directly into the room, rather than on the large snow bricks on the north side. Because the angle of the sun around the Arctic Circle is so low in winter that the light sometimes shines almost obliquely from the southern horizon, the large snowboard above the window acts as a refractor, allowing the sun to illuminate the house, and sometimes even photograph.

Dig a hole in the door. A door was carved into the ground of the hemispherical igloo, which was so low and narrow that it could barely be considered a hole. Fortunately, the Inuit are naturally small and dexterous, and they can slip into the house with a simple slide in front of the igloo door, without any difficulty.

The next step was to dig a deep pit in the land covered by a hemispherical roof, which was a large part of the igloo, as it was both built and hewn. It is based on the horizon, both to the sky and to the ground, which is the beauty of the igloo and the ingenuity of the Inuit.

It is essential to build a roof upwards, but not too high, and dig a pit downwards as the main space of the house, it is best to be deeper, which is the most simple and reliable. Because digging a deep hole in the snow is definitely much easier and safer than building a high house in the sky.

There are three ways of heat transfer: heat conduction, heat convection, and heat radiation. Digging snow pits and building igloos in alpine areas is to use the heat transfer properties of ice and snow to create a place for themselves to keep warm and defend against cold, and rely on them to resist the severe cold of tens of degrees below zero. How can snow pits and igloos keep you warm and cold?

It seems that the cold snow pit igloo just happens to be able to cut off these several ways of heat dissipation. First of all, ice is a poor conductor of heat, and it is well insulated, and the heat in the house can hardly be conducted through the ice wall to the outside of the house. Secondly, the frozen igloo has no windows and hangs a curtain at the door, which can greatly reduce the convection of the air inside and outside the house.

In addition, the dense igloo also protects against the cold wind howling outside, keeping the occupants inside safe from attack. Because of this, the temperature inside the igloo can be kept at minus a few degrees Celsius to a dozen degrees Celsius, which is much warmer than outside the house at minus forty or fifty degrees Celsius.

Because their igloo is also based on a local custom, so they don't really live in a cold house.

Do igloos really keep warm? Discover the secret of keeping the Eskimos warm, which is priceless wisdom.