Please help me do the questions about ancient and modern characters, variant characters, and fake wo

1 Jiang's desire to dispel harm (pi, through "avoid").

2 Nothing will come from (useless, will come from itself).

3 system, Yanyi also, Uncle Yu died. Tuyi is fateful. 4 If the earth and the spring meet, who will say otherwise? (tunnel, noun used as a verb, digging tunnel) 5 filial piety is not scarce, Yongxier class. (Tin, through "giving").

6 Zaifu and Xiong are not good, and kill them (孰, later written as "cooked") 7 Xuanzitian is in the first mountain. (Tian, later written "畋").

8 Sorry, the more it is, the more it is spared. (Actually, through the "realm").

9 Please Qu County, Fan Ying to Dynasty (Fan Ying, noun used as a verb, wearing Fan Ying's clothing) 10 Zang Xuan Shu rebelled against the Jin Division, and the Tao. (Dao, the same as "guide", guide, lead the way).

1 Jiang's desire to refute harm - the ancient word to avoid and avoid.

2 There is no mediocrity, it will come to itself—nothing, nothing.

3 system, Yanyi also, Uncle Yu died. Tuyi is fateful. — rock, tong.

4If the earth and the spring meet, who will say otherwise? — Que, through the digging.

5 filial sons are not scarce, Yongxir class. - Tin, a variant of the word.

6 The butcher does not hesitate to kill the bear, but to kill it.

7. Xuanzitian is in the first mountain. — Field, Tong.

8 Sorry, the more it is, the more it is spared. - Actually, the ancient character of the realm.

9 Please Qu County, Fanying to Dynasty - 繁, 緐 variant words.

10 Uncle Zang Xuan is against the Jin Division, and the Tao - the Tao, the ancient word for guidance.

1. Variant characters are different ways of writing a word, and variant characters are homonymous.

2. Fake words are different words, and in a certain use of these words, they can represent the same meaning, and they can be substituted for each other in this meaning, but these words may not be used anywhere. Tongfake words are homophonic and synonymous when they are used in the same way.

3. The word "fake" refers to the word A that should be used, but when it is used, it borrows the word B that has nothing to do with its meaning, but is the same or similar to the sound to replace it, and the word B is the word "A". For example, in "Raise your head and look at it, Xiang is strong" ("Childlike Fun"), "strong" is a fake word, and its original word is "stiff".

4. Ancient and modern words are due to the fact that there are many meanings of words in ancient times, and later a new word was created on the basis of the original word to share a meaning of it. For example, this is the case with the "say" of "not also say", "say" is an ancient character, and "yue" is a modern word. Another example is "Mo" and "Twilight":

"Mo" is an ancient character, and "twilight" is a modern character.

Variant characters are a group of characters with the same sound and meaning. Ancient and modern characters are a group of words produced in different historical periods and used to record the same word with different shapes. Tongfake characters refer to words that are used to replace the same or similar sounds.

Variant characters can be interchanged, ancient and modern words, and common and fake words cannot be interchanged. The variant characters use "same" as an annotation word. Ancient and modern characters use "later writing" as an annotation term.

Tong fake characters use "tong" as an annotation term.

1.Fake words: "There is a word". The "typo" of the ancients.

For example, in ancient times, there was the word "early", but the ancients wrote it as the homophone "flea".

Writing, "flea" through "early".

2.Ancient and modern words"There is no word". There is a time difference between "ancient characters" and "modern characters".

For example, Mo - twilight, "Mo" is an ancient character, and "twilight" is a modern character. When there is "Mo", there is no "twilight".

Writing: "Mo" is the same as "twilight".

3.Variants: Different ways to write a word.

The meanings are used exactly the same and can be substituted for each other in any case.

1. Fake words and fake borrowed words.

Pretense is one of the methods of word creation in the Six Books, and there is a certain word in the language that does not have a word to represent it, so a word with the same sound is chosen to represent it.

For example, the original meaning of the wheat "to" to express the action to come and go of the "come", with the original meaning of the model is the bird name of the "difficult" to express the difficult "difficult", with the original meaning of the lizard "easy" to express the easy "easy" and so on are all used in the false meaning, according to the interpretation of the predecessors, the fake word must be the original word, but when writing it is used another word with the same sound or close sound, such as "the day must not be flea from the king of Xie Xiang", "Hongmen Banquet" in the "flea" through "early", "away from the pass, no inner princes" in the "distance" pass "refuse" and so on are the existence of the original word, and it is not used when writing, but temporarily replaced by a word with the same sound or similar sound as it, which is a common fake.

Second, through the fake words and ancient and modern words.

Ancient and modern words are a historical concept, Duan Yuci once said: "Whoever reads the scriptures, must not know the ancient and modern words, ancient and modern have no timing, Zhou is the ancient Han is the present, the Han is the ancient and the Jin is the present, and the people who use it at any time are called ancient and modern words", there are few ancient words, a word sometimes has multiple functions, and it can represent several unrelated meanings at the same time.

Due to the increasing development of writing, find a new word to represent a certain meaning, share some of the wisdom of the original word, the relationship between the new word and the original word is the relationship between ancient and modern words, such as the middle school Chinese "Bian Que Sees Cai Huangong" "Huan Hou does not say" in the "Say" Tong "Yue", "Yu Gong Moves the Mountain" "Cold and Summer Shift, the Beginning of the Reverse Yan" in the "anti" Tong "return", etc., it can be seen that the ancient and modern characters are the words of the milk differentiation, and the fake words are to give up the existing words and do not use, temporarily with another word with the same sound or similar sound to express.

Therefore, in a strict sense, it is not possible to deal with ancient and modern words as fake words, otherwise there will be a word that has been produced, and a word that has not yet been produced will be passed, which is unreasonable in any case.

Among the tens of thousands of Chinese characters, the number of ancient and modern characters is not a few, and the ancient and modern characters do not have exact records like the examples given above, which brings certain difficulties to the study of ancient and modern characters and common and fake characters, and further research is needed.

3. Fake characters and variant characters.

Chinese characters not only have a long history, but also use a wide area, in the process of language communication, the same character is different in the north and south, and is lined up together when the word is received, forming a variant character.

For example, "褊" and "through" in "Xiao Hui Weifu" and "Cao Di's Polemic", and then Kong Yiji once said that the four ways of writing fennel and fennel characters, these four ways can be said to be variant words from each other.

The variant words we call are phonetically identical and can be substituted for each other in any case.

In ancient books, there are many variant characters, and attention should be paid to the difference between them and fake characters.

For example, "repair" and "lazy" have the same sound, and can be used in the sense of modification, repair, practice, cultivation, repair, etc., which seems to be variant words, but the original meaning of the two is different, "repair" from "township", the original meaning is modified, "lazy" from "meat", the original meaning is dry meat Danyun, and only "lazy" can be written when expressing the meaning of dry meat, it can be seen that "lazy" and "repair" are a common and false relationship, not a different relationship.

Categories: Education, Science, >> Learning Aid.

Problem Description: None. Analysis:

Variant characters and ancient and modern characters.

One is the differentiation of words, the mother word and the differentiation cavity positive potato character are successively used to record the differentiation meaning, constituting the relationship between ancient and modern words, and the other is that the two words originally have their own uses, but there is a succession relationship in the recording of a certain word, constituting the relationship between ancient and modern words. There are differences between ancient and modern characters and variant characters in terms of nature, meaning and shape, and the fundamental difference between the two is that ancient and modern characters focus on the epochal nature of the use of words, while variant characters focus on the function of remembering words.

However, due to the different angles of observation and classification standards, it is inevitable that there is a crossover phenomenon, some character groups can be regarded as the relationship between different characters, and can be regarded as the relationship between ancient and modern characters, Mr. Liang Donghan will take the ancient and modern characters as one of the variants, such as Yu - Yu, Li - Li, Chicken - Chicken - Chicken.