How to appreciate Chinese landscape paintings? How to appreciate Chinese landscape painting

Landscape painting is an important part of Chinese painting, representing the admiration and love of ancient Chinese literati and artists for the great rivers and mountains of the motherland. As Chinese people, we should appreciate the precious wealth left to us by the ancients, so how can we appreciate Chinese landscape painting well? I think we can look for the answer in the pen of the ancient celebrity Sheikh.

Xie He was a famous painter during the Southern Dynasties, and wrote the book "Catalogue of Ancient Paintings", in which it was mentioned that the appreciation of landscape painting should be carried out from six aspects. Later generations summarized it for him as "Six Methods of Painting". Let's not chew on the words, generally speaking, we can do it from the following two aspects:

The first thing is to look at the charm of the whole work. We say that a person's spirit represents a person's outward appearance. Then the same is true for a painting. The overall look is magnificent, and the achievement in one go shows that the painting is full of charm.

Let's take the famous painter Fan Kuan's "Snow Mountain Xiao Temple" as an example, the whole painting mainly depicts Xiao Temple looming in the snowy woods. Although there is not much retouching, there is no lack of flowing lines from the top of the painting to the bottom of the painting. It shows that the painting is definitely done in one go, and the overall look is not only fresh and refined, but also gives people a smooth feeling.

The second is to look at the use of pen and ink in the work. The use of brush and ink is the best indication of the painter's brushwork. The brushes are used to draw different lines to reflect the mountains, woods, and houses in the painting.

The image outlined by a painter with strong brushwork is more realistic, so the quality of the work depends on whether the painter's use of brush and ink is appropriate.

We can also take Huang Gongwang's "Fuchun Mountain Residence" as an example, I believe that this work is familiar to everyone, the painter Huang Gongwang uses different brushes and inks to outline mountains, mountains, cliffs, lakes, houses, people, etc., which is very realistic. Not only from the rhyme, but also in the use of pen and ink.

There are many ways to appreciate landscape paintings, in short, you should feel it with your heart while looking at it, so that you can feel it more deeply.

Heavy artistic conception, light painting.

On the whole, the development of art in China seems to be on the same path as Chinese thought. Before the development of foreign art, more attention was paid to the realistic depiction of things. The thought in the minds of the deeply rooted Chinese is mainly the balance of the Tao.

If the development of foreign art is based on the accurate depiction and response of things, the development of Chinese art is about the depiction of the creator's mind and the feelings of the time.

Chinese landscape painting is a branch of Chinese painting. No matter what kind of painting, the most important stroke in Chinese painting is to leave blank. Maybe many people have heard that it is just for the sake of looking good?

In fact, it is understood when combined with Chinese yin and yang thought. Since we have been using ink painting for a long time, white space has become the focus of yin and yang harmony, so that the whole picture tends to be balanced and modest. This is actually similar to the theory of black, white and gray in foreign sketches.

On the whole, the first and most intuitive way to appreciate a work of art is to observe its composition, and through the understanding of the composition, we can think carefully about the scenery in the painting. In landscape paintings, we can feel from many works, whether most of them are big rivers and rivers, the sea of clouds is filled, and the old trees and withered vines are faint, and how much our landscape paintings reflect a kind of artistic conception or momentum. That's why we can understand a sentence of poetry in classical Chinese based on a painting.

Even if you haven't gone to school, this is what Chinese have in their bones.

This does not mean that landscape painting has no techniques to speak of. There are many genres and many types of landscape painting techniques, but it is not clear which one is good, and there is no criterion. When I first learned Chinese painting, my teacher told us that anyone can paint Chinese painting, and it doesn't necessarily require a very deep art foundation.

It's easy to get started, but it's hard to get started. In recent years, it is rare to pick up a pen and paint a work seriously, but I have a new understanding of my thinking about Chinese painting. Chinese painting is to use artistic conception to experience the creator's heart.

Landscape painting is a technique that allows you to feel its artistic conception, rather than to see it as a painting.

Original text] The mountain takes water as the blood, the grass and trees as the hair, and the smoke and clouds as the color. Therefore, the mountains are alive by water, the grass and trees are gorgeous, and the smoke and clouds are beautiful. The water is faced by the mountain, the pavilion is the eyebrow, and the fishing is the spirit.

Therefore, the water is beautiful and charming, the pavilion is bright and bright, and the fishing is open. The arrangement of this landscape also.

Hall Sail Annotation] Layout: refers to the conceptual layout when creating literature and art.

Translation] Mountains regard water as their own blood, plants and trees as their own hair, and smoke and clouds as their own spirit. Therefore, when the mountains have water, they are alive, and when they have plants and trees, they appear prosperous, and when they have smoke and clouds, they are more beautiful. The water regards the mountain as its own face, the mountain pavilion and water pavilion as its own eyebrows, and uses fishing and fishing to show its spirit.

Therefore, the water has mountains and is more charming, the pavilions are more bright and fast, and the talents who are fishing and fishing are more empty and lonely. This is the layout concept that landscape painting should have.

The second landscape depicts a mountain, and it is a sunny mountain, characterized by warmth and comfort. Specifically: charity, warmth, beauty and elegance.

The author writes the scenery according to the mountain, and draws the beauty of the mountain by writing about the snowlight, snow color, and snow state of each detail of the beautiful mountain. The artistic structure is arranged on two floors. First of all, the sub-pen depiction of the fine brush, from the mountain, the tip of the mountain, the slope to the mountainside, step by step, the stroke of the stroke

Its socks are white, "with a bunch of white flowers on the top of the tree", and the green of the pine and the white of the snow are contrasted; It is silver, "to the blue sky inlaid with a silver edge to change the accompaniment", such as the washed blue sky and the silver snow reflect each other; It is colorful, "put on a flower dress with water patterns for the mountains" is its color, "this flower dress seems to be blown by the wind, so that you want to see a little more beautiful mountain skin" is its state, in the depiction of color and state is written in the movement in stillness; It has the most touching color in the world, under the oblique light of the bright sunset, it is like a girl, "suddenly shy, and the micronucleus is stupid and slightly pink", and the love in the form is drawn in the rendering of the evening snow. It's really a scene, a scene. This paragraph is depicted in a divided pen, from the point of view of the method, it is a fine brush, and from the perspective of artistic conception, it still focuses on freehand.

Chinese painting pays attention to "vividness", and the snow scenes depicted in different strokes are not dull, but vivid. A series of verbs bring the reader into the artistic conception of association and imagination, and what the reader feels is not only the external beauty of the light, color and state of the snow, but also the charm of the snow and the inner beauty of the snow. What the author has created is the highest state of painting art, "vividness".

Reading paintings, also known as reading paintings, I personally have two methods that readers can try:

First, a landscape painting will have a visual focus, or a peak, or a yard, or a waterfall and spring, or pedestrians, or trees, we can start from the visual focus to look around, play in the mountains and rivers, and blend into it.

Second, it can be seen from a corner, like a traveler, following the veins of the mountains, the growth of trees, the footsteps of people, and the source of water.

It is necessary to read carefully, look at the scenery, look at the story, look at the brushstrokes, look at the communication, and look at the artistic conception. Take Lin Dekun's teacher's fishing picture as an example, we can first look at the main peak of the distant mountain from above, or we can look at the bottom first to see the fishing hermit, the mountain valley, a hermit, adjacent to the water yard, the trees are verdant, the mountains and rivers are surrounded, a slanting old pine, such as beckoning to welcome guests, and in front of the door to shade a shade, the owner in the shade of the boat fishing, people yearn for it, do you want to live in seclusion here? Looking up along the stream, a kind of single-plank bridge for people to enter and exit, the mountain stream is blue, the distant mountains are green, the trees are green, and the whole painting is full of leisure and wilderness.

In Chinese landscape painting, is the painter depicting the landscape?

No, the painter expresses his own thoughts and feelings through landscapes, and it may also be a state he wants to achieve!

Third, if you want to further interpret a landscape painting, you also need to learn some simple knowledge of China, which is actually not complicated, maybe you just read one or two small articles, and it took ten or twenty minutes to have a comprehensive preliminary understanding.

The main characteristics of Chinese landscape painting are strange, far, poetry, calligraphy, painting and printing.

1. Odd. In ancient Chinese painting theory, both diversity and unity were emphasized, and diversity was opposed, that is, it was opposed to tiling and direct description, and opposed to the similarity of scenes. Five generations of Li Cheng "Landscape Jue":

Thousands of rocks and ravines should be low, high, scattered and different; Stacks (mountains and rolling states) are layered, but the ups and downs are different and different. At the same time, it is also pointed out that the scenery should not be the same but should be changed, and there should be a strong comparison.

Both chase the danger and return to justice. In other words, Chinese landscape paintings usually do not depict plain scenery that lacks contrast, but always like to depict famous rivers and mountains with strong contrast between topography and landform, high mountains and deep waters. Guan Shan Travel Map Guan Tong, a native of Chang'an in the early Song Dynasty of the fifth dynasty.

In his early years, he studied under Jing Hao, and later studied under the famous Tang Dynasty masters Wang Wei and Bi Hong, etc., and had a reputation for being blue. I like to make magnificent mountains and seek artistic conception.

2. Far. Wang Wei, a landscape painter in the Song Dynasty of China, said: "The eyes are extreme, so the eyes are not thoughtful."

It was also the landscape painter Guo Xi of the Song Dynasty who proposed the "three distances" expression method of landscape painting in "The Elegance of Forests and Springs". In other words, Chinese landscape painting does not adopt the Western method of "not seeing well" in the composition of heads-up meditation, but adopts the expression method of "three distances disturbing and annihilating" from the point of view.

This embodiment is similar to the ancient marquee or the shake in today's cinematic expressions. Therefore, the format of Chinese painting, if it is not a vertical banner, a vertical axis, a large Li Sha, or a horizontal scroll. In a Chinese landscape painting, no matter which of the "far" is the main one of the high, far-reaching, and flat-reaching, it is combined with the other two "far", in short, it is the pursuit of a "far", breaking the limitation of time and time.

3. Poetry, calligraphy, painting and printing are integrated.

Chinese painting is unique among the world's painting arts. Brush and ink is the general term for "Chinese painting techniques." Chinese painting emphasizes artistic conception, and although it is also realistic, the real scene is idealized according to the author's intention, making it poetic.

Chinese paintings from the Song and Yuan dynasties onwards are inscribed and sealed on the canvas to form an organic whole. Therefore, it is said that "Chinese painting is a comprehensive art integrating poetry, calligraphy, painting and printing".

1. Look at the principle of "four looks": look at the charm; Second, look at the artistic conception; Third, look at the pen and ink; Fourth, look at the combination of poems, calligraphy and paintings.

The appreciation of character paintings should be like watching movies, watching **, and watching ring paintings to see whether they are accurate with the brush, whether they are delicate and expressive, and whether they have prominent themes, wonderful stories, and touching plots.

2. The appreciation of landscape paintings should be carefully observed all the way like tourists in tourist areas. The Northern Song Dynasty painter Guo Xiti's "three selection methods" of "high, deep, and flat" is to treat a complete landscape painting with the method of "flat, far-reaching, and lofty" for appreciation.

3. Appreciate the appreciation of flower and bird paintings as carefully as appreciating flowers in the garden and appreciating antiques in an antique shop, and finally understand their spiritual connotation and the theme of expression.

Finally, let's briefly talk about the current appraisal of Chinese paintings:

One is to look at paper (new and old paper, hemp paper, silk, different from old paintings and new paintings);

The second is to look at the pen and ink (whether it is a printed matter and a pen, and the current line is painted with this engraved watermark, workshop puzzles and other high-imitation works);

the third is to look at the structure (whether it belongs to a patchwork diagram);

The fourth is to look at the painting seal (whether the calligraphy and seal are real).